深钝感球扁药发射装药膛内实际燃烧规律

应用内弹道势平衡理论研究了深钝感球扁药发射装药膛内实际燃烧规律。密闭爆发器试验揭示了在控制好球扁药的钝感层的厚度及钝感剂在球扁药本体的浓度梯度分布时 ,可实现相对渐增性燃烧。由某大口径火炮射击试验数据的分析给出了深钝感球扁药发射装药势平衡点的位置和该点处的参数值 ;建立了膛内的实际燃气生成函数。结果表明内弹道势平衡理论为研究深钝感球扁药发射装药膛内实际燃烧规律开辟了一个新途径。

高钝感炸药组分配比对安全性影响的研究

研究以黑索今为主体 ,与使之适合安全性能要求或者粘结炸药各组分 ,使之均匀分散而不产生离析的蜡、石墨、聚异丁烯混合 ,通过改变钝黑炸药的配比 ,使其满足高爆速、高威力、高钝感、高安全性的要求 ,进行了冲击波感度 ,机械感度及火烤特性的试验 ,满足钝黑炸药的特殊用途。

凹球型传爆药装药结构研究

目的 为了提高传爆药柱的起爆威力 ,解决钝感主装药的可靠起爆问题 .方法 应用炸药的冲击起爆理论、冲击波汇聚理论、有效装药理论等 .结果 设计了两种凹球型传爆药装药结构 .结论 利用主装药变组分法等实验方法对新结构传爆药的起爆威力与常规圆柱型传爆药进行了对比实验 .实验表明 。

siRNA-mediated downregulation of TC21 sensitizes esophageal cancer cells to cisplatin

AIM： To determine the functional significance of TC21 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma （ESCC）. METHODS： TC21 siRNA transfection was carried out using Hyperfectamine to knock down TC21, and tran- scripts were analyzed by reverse transcription-poly- merase chain reaction and protein by Western blotting.We demonstrated the effect of TC21 downregulation of cell signaling in esophageal cancer cells by assess- ing the phosphorylation status of its downstream tar- gets, phosphoinositide 3-kinase （PI3K）, phosphatase and tensin homolog （PTEN）, protein kinase B （pAl〈t）, nuclear factor-KB （NF-~B） and cyclinD1 using specific antibodies. Cell survival analysis after cisplatin treat- ment was carried out by cell viability assay and cell cycle analysis using flow cytometry. RESULTS： TC21 knockdown in human ESCC cell line TEl3 cells, showed only a marginal increase （14.2%） in cell death compared with control cells. The expres- sions of the signaling proteins PI3K and pAkt, transcrip- tion factor NF-KB, and cell cycle protein cyclin D1 were markedly decreased in response to TC21 downregula- tion, whereas the level of pPTEN, an antagonist of PI3K, was increased. In addition, we evaluated the potential of TC21 as a putative target for sensitizing ESCC cells to the chemotherapeutic agent cisplatin. Increased cell death （38.4%） was observed in cells treated with cis- platin after TC21 knockdown compared with cells which were treated with cisplatin alone （20% cell death）. CONCLUSION： Results suggest that TC21 mediates its effects via the PI3K-Akt pathway, NF-KB and cyclin D1, and enhances chemoresistance in esophageal cancer cells.

Torque teno virus:Its prevalence and isotypes in North India

AIM： To investigate the prevalence and genotype distribution of Torque teno virus （TTV） in patients with different liver diseases and chronic renal failure treated at a referral hospital in North India. METHODS： Whereas prevalence of TFV was based on amplification of conserved region of ORF2 of TTV genome, the genotyping of TFV was carried out using restriction fragment length polymorphism （RFLP） procedure on the N22 region of ORFI. RESULTS： TTV-DNA was detected in 137 of 513 （26.7%） patients with liver diseases and 38 of 65 （58.5%） patients with chronic renal failure. Trv was also detected in 2/7% of healthy controls. The sequence analysis of the PCR product from 10 randomly selected cases failed to show a significant sequence divergence when compared with that of the TRM1 isolate of TTV genotype 1. The results of genotyping in 55 randomly selected patients showed the presence of genotype 1 （G1） in 53 （96.4%） and genotype 2 （G2） in 2 cases （3.6%）, respectively. Other genotypes were not identified in this patient subgroup, suggesting that G1 is predominant in this area. The results of genotyping by RFLP were also supported by phylogenetic tree analysis, where G1 was found to be the major genotype. CONCLUSION： These results indicate that TTV is moderately present in Indian patients, with G1 to be the major genotype in North India. The pathogenicity and etiological role of TTV in different diseases is still a question mark and warrant further studies.

Dynamic changes and surveillance function of prion protein expression in gastric cancer drug resistance

AIM:To explore the dynamic changes of prion protein (PrPc) in the process of gastric cancer drug resistance and the role of PrPc expression in the prognosis of gastric cancer patients receiving chemotherapy.METHODS:A series of gastric cancer cell lines resistant to different concentrations of adriamycin was established,and the expression of PrPc,Bcl-2 and Bax was detected in these cells.Apoptosis was determined using Annexin V staining.Western blotting and immunohisto-chemistry were performed to detect the expression of PrPc in patients receiving chemotherapy and to explore the role of PrPc expression in predicting the chemosensitivity and the outcome of gastric cancer patients receiving chemotherapy.Follow-up was performed for 2 years.RESULTS:PrPc expression was increased with the increase in drug resistance.Bcl-2,together with PrPc,increased the level of anti-apoptosis of cancer cells.Increased PrPc expression predicted the enhanced level of anti-apoptosis and resistance to anticancer drugs.PrPc expression could be used as a marker for predicting the efficacy of chemotherapy and the prognosis of gastric cancer.Increased PrPc expression predicted both poor chemosensitivity and a low 2-year survival rate.Contrarily,low PrPc expression predicted favorable chemosensitivity and a relatively high 2-year survival rate.CONCLUSION:PrPc expression is associated with histological types and differentiation of gastric cancer cells;The PrPc expression level might be a valuable marker in predicting the efficacy of chemotherapy and the prognosis of gastric cancer patients receiving chemotherapy.

Osteopontin expression is associated with hepatopathologic changes in Schistosoma japonicum infected mice

AIM:To investigate osteopontin expression and its association with hepatopathologic changes in BALB/C mice infected with Schistosoma japonicum.METHODS:The schistosomal hepatopathologic mouse model was established by abdominal infection with schistosomal cercaria.Liver samples were obtained from mice sacrif iced at 6,8,10,14,and 18 wk after in-fection.Liver histopathological changes were observed with hematoxylin-eosin and Masson trichrome staining.The expression of osteopontin was determined with im-munohistochemistry,reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction,and Western blotting.The expressionof α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA)and transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1)were determined by im-munohistochemistry.Correlations of osteopontin ex-pression with other variables(α-SMA,TGF-β1,hepato-pathologic features including granuloma formation and degree of liver f ibrosis)were analyzed.RESULTS:Typical schistosomal hepatopathologic changes were induced in the animals.Dynamic changes in the expression of osteopontin were observed at week 6.The expression increased,peaked at week 10(P<0.01),and then gradually decreased.Positive correla-tions between osteopontin expression and α-SMA(r=0.720,P<0.01),TGF-β1(r=0.905,P <0.01),granu-loma formation(r=0.875,P<0.01),and degree of liver f ibrosis(r=0.858,P<0.01)were also observed.CONCLUSION:Osteopontin may play an important role in schistosomal hepatopathology and may promote granuloma formation and liver fi brosis through an un-explored mechanism.

Influence of chitosan nanofiber scaffold on porcine endogenous retroviral expression and infectivity in pig hepatocytes

AIM: To investigate the influence of chitosan nanofiber scaffold on the production and infectivity of porcine endogenous retrovirus (PERV) expressed by porcine hepatocytes. METHODS: Freshly isolated porcine hepatocytes were cultured with or without chitosan nanofiber scaffold (defined as Nano group and Hep group) for 7 d. The daily collection of culture medium was used to detect reverse transcriptase (RT) activity with RT activity assaykits and PERV RNA by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and real time PCR with the PERV specific primers. And Western blotting was performed with the lysates of daily retrieved cells to determine the PERV protein gag p30. Besides, the in-vitro infectivity of the supernatant was tested by incubating the human embryo kidney 293 (HEK293) cells. RESULTS: The similar changing trends between two groups were observed in real time PCR, RT activity assay and Western blotting. Two peaks of PERV expression at 10H and Day 2 were found and followed by a regular decline. No significant difference was found between two groups except the significantly high level of PERV RNA at Day 6 and PERV protein at Day 5 in Nano group than that in Hep group. And in the in-vitro infection experiment, no HEK293 cell was infected by the supernatant. CONCLUSION: Chitosan nanofiber scaffold might prolong the PERV secreting time in pig hepatocytes but would not obviously influence its productive amount and infectivity, so it could be applied in the bioartificial liver without the increased risk of the virus transmission.

Impact of life and inspiration- Monet＇s back garden era

Impressionist Claude Monet was the most representative painter; he is not only the founder and terminator of Impressionism, but also the opener of modem painting. The artistic vitality of his life is extremely strong, unrivaled with an amazing number of works of Impressionism. Among the legacy, ＂classic＂ and ＂existence＂ works make up the most. The 1890s is the dividing line of Monet＇ s two periods of his creative career. It is also his most focused era of creation, called Monet back garden world＂ , where his works of all forms come out.

Study on the Thermal and Mechanical Properties of the UV-cured SL5510 Stereolithography Material

In recent years, Vantico A &T US Incorporation has developed a type of the hightest accuracy photosensitive resin: SL5510 stereolithography material(briefly named SL5510) to use in the stereolithography apparatus(SLA). In this paper, the thermal and mechanical properties were investigated for the fabricated specimens of SL5510 in the different UV post-cure time. This may instruct us to employ better the fabricated parts of SL5510.

Viral kinetics of Enterovirus 71 in human habdomyosarcoma cells

AIM:To characterise the viral kinetics of enterovirus 71 (EV71).METHODS:In this study,human rhabdomyosarcoma (RD) cells were infected with EV71 at different multiplicity of infection (MOI).After infection,the cytopathic effect (CPE) was monitored and recorded using a phase contrast microscope associated with a CCD camera at different time points post viral infection (0,6,12,24 h post infection).Cell growth and viability were measured by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay in both EV71 infected and mock infected cells at each time point.EV71 replication kinet-ics in RD cells was determined by measuring the total intracellular viral RNA with real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).Also,the intracellular and extracellular virion RNA was isolated and quantified at different time points to analyze the viral package and secretion.The expression of viral protein was determined by analyze the levels of viral structure protein VP1 with Western blotting.RESULTS:EV71 infection induced a significant CPE as early as 6 h post infection (p.i.) in both RD cells infected with high ratio of virus (MOI 10) and low ratio of virus (MOI 1).In EV71 infected cells,the cell growth was inhibited and the number of viable cells was rapidly decreased in the later phase of infection.EV71 virions were uncoated immediately after entry.The intracellular viral RNA began to increase at as early as 3 h p.i.and the exponential increase was found between 3 h to 6 h p.i.in both infected groups.For viral structure protein synthesis,results from western-blot showed that intracellular viral protein VP1 could not be detected until 6 h p.i.in the cells infected at either MOI 1 or MOI 10;and reached the peak at 9 h p.i.in the cells infected with EV71 at both MOI 1 and MOI 10.Simultaneously,the viral package and secretion were also actively processed as the virus underwent rapid replication.The viral package kinetics was comparable for both MOI 1 and MOI 10 infected groups.It was observed that at 3 h p.i,the intracellular virions obviously decreased,thereafter,the intracellular virions began to increase and enter into the exponential phase until 12 h p.i.The total amounts of intracellular virons were decreased from 12 to 24 h p.i.Consistent with this result,the increase of virus secretion occurred during 6 to 12 h p.i.CONCLUSION:The viral kinetics of EV71 were established by analyzing viral replication,package and secretion in RD cells.

Image of Landscapes in Ancient Water Towns——Case Study on Zhouzhuang and Tongli of Jiangsu Province

Researchers in several disciplines and fields agree that the image establishing has both perceptual and affecfive evaluations. The paper comparatively analyzes the image of landscapes in ancient water towns held by 1619 tourists after the investigations of Zbouzhuang and Tongli of Jiangsu Province. Based on the elements of the image of urban landscapes, the perceptual/cognitive image of tourist landscapes in water towns is developed including path, node, landmark, important courtyard, district and edge. Particularly the important courtyard plays the great role on the perceptive image of tourists, however, the perceptual/cognitive images of the district and the edge are obviously weak. Meanwhile, the finding showed that the affective images of tourist landscapes in Zhonzhuang differ with those of Tongli by the method of paired comparison. The main reason is that the affective images are influenced by the impressive scenery spots. Furthermore, the commercialization of streets and pollution of rivers are easy to be functioned negatively.

Conductometric sensor based on oxytetracycline imprinted polymer membrane

A conductometric sensor sensitive to oxytetracycline hydrochloride （OTC.HCI） was developed on the basis of utilizing OTC.HCl imprinted polymer, synthesized under the optimized conditions by using non-covalent imprinted technology with OTC.HCl as a template, MAA as a functional monomer, and EGDMA as a cross-linker, which were the composition of the sensing membrane. The responses increased linearly with the increase of OTC.HCl concentration in the range of 0.99-12.0 μM. The response mechanism of the sensor was also discussed.

Transactivation of the TIEG1 confers growth inhibition of transforming growth factor-β-susceptible hepatocellular carcinoma cells

AIM:To investigate the role of transforming growth factor(TGF)-β-inducible early gene 1(TIEG1) in TGF-β-induced growth inhibition in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) cells.METHODS:Human hepatocyte and HCC cell lines with varied susceptibilities to TGF-β1 were tested by methylthiazoletetrazolium(MTT) assay.The expression changes of Smad2,Smad3,Smad4,Smad7,TIEG1 and TIEG2 gene following treatment with TGF-β1 in a TGF-β-sensitive hepatocyte cell line(MIHA),a TGF-β-sensitive hepatoma cell line(Hep3B) and two TGF-β-insensitive hepatoma cell lines(HepG2 and Bel7404) were examined.SiRNA targeting TIEG1 was transfected into Hep3B cells and the sensitivity of cells to TGF-β1 was examined.Overexpression of TIEG1 was induced by lentiviral-mediated transduction in TGF-β1-resistant hepatoma cell lines(Bel7404 and HepG2).MTT assay and 4',6-Diamidino-2-phenylindole staining were used to identify cell viability and apoptosis,respectively.The expression level of stathmin was measured by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and Western-blotting analysis,and stathmin promoter activity by TIEG1 was monitored by a luciferase reporter gene system.RESULTS:TIEG1 was significantly upregulated by TGF-β1 in the TGF-β1-sensitive HCC cell line,Hep3B,but not in the resistant cell lines.The suppression of TIEG1 by siRNAs decreased the sensitivity of Hep3B cells to TGF-β1,whereas the overexpression of TIEG1 mediated growth inhibition and apoptosis in TGF-β1-resistant HCC cell lines,which resembled those of TGF-β1-sensitive HCC cells treated with TGF-β1.Our data further suggested that stathmin was a direct target of TIEG1,as stathmin was signif icantly downregulated by TIEG1 overexpression,and stathmin promoter activity was inhibited by TIEG1 in a dose-dependent manner.CONCLUSION:Our data suggest that transactivation of TIEG1 conferred growth inhibition of TGF-β-susceptible human HCC cells.

The manifestation of texture art in the creative design of fashion fabrics

This paper presents a discussion of the characters and design patterns of the digital texture design in fashion fabrics. It starts from the characters of fabric texture design, taking digital printing technology as a detailed example, and raises a possible design route and pattern of the innovative design of fashion fabrics under digital technology.

Potential landfill site selection for solid waste disposal using GIS and multi-criteria decision analysis(MCDA)

Proper solid waste disposal is an important socioeconomic concern for all developing countries.Municipalities have their own policies,individual approaches and methods to manage the solid wastes.They consider wastelands outside the urban area as the best suitable for the solid waste disposal.Such improper site selection will create morphological changes that lead to environmental hazards in the urban and its surrounding areas.In this research,the site selection for urban solid waste disposal in the Coimbatore district used geographical information system(GIS)and multi-criteria decision analysis(MCDA).Thematic layers of lineament density,landuse/landcover,population density,groundwater depth,drainage density,slope,soil texture,geology and geomorphology were considered as primary criteria and weights for criteria,and sub-criteria were assigned by MCDA analysis.The resultant weight score was validated by consistency ratio so that the efficiency of the selected criteria was justified.The overlay analysis in GIS environment provides 17 potential zones in Coimbatore district,among which,four suitable sites were screened and refined with the help of field investigation and visual interpretation of satellite image.The result of landfill suitability map shows the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Study of sensitivity of different chemotherapeutic agents on colon cancer cell line SW480

Objective:The aim of this study was to investigate the sensitivity of chemotherapeutic agents 5-FU,cisplatin(DDP) or TAXOL on colon cancer cell line SW480 with different methods,to find out the best examine time period for further study of chemotherapeutic sensitivities.Methods:The SW480 cell was treated with 5-FU(200μg/mL),DDP(150μg/mL) or TAXOL(50μg/mL) respectively for 4h,8h or 12h.MTT assay was used to examine the cell survival rate,Annexin V/PI assay was used to analysis the apoptosis rate,Western Blot assay was applied to examine the expression of apoptotic protein.Results:(1) Results of MTT assay showed that the survival rate of SW480 cells at 4h,8h or 12h was:5-FU(200μg/mL)96.0%±8.2%,85.4%±7.8%,74.4% ±10.2%(P<0.05);DDP(150μg/mL) 99.0%±6.4%,88.7%±4.7%(P<0.05),46.9%±2.6%(P<0.01);TAXOL(50μg/mL) 51.5%±4.2%(P<0.01),31.9%±3.1%,17.6%±2.3%,or blank group 97.2%±5.8%,98.7%±7.2%,97.5%±7.5% respectively.(2) The apoptosis rate of cancer cells at 4h,8h or 12h was:control group:3.4%±0.2%,6.2%±0.4%,7.0%±0.5%;5-FU(200μg/mL) 4.0%±0.3%,4.8%±0.4%,7.7%±0.7%;DDP(150μg/mL) 8.5%±0.9%,18.6%±1.6%(P<0.05),67.0%±6.2%(P<0.01);or TAXOL(50μg/mL) 32.0%±5.2%(P<0.01),76.6%±8.5%,94.0% ±8.2%,respectively.(3) Western Blot assay showed that the expression of apoptosis associated protein.PARP,X-linked inhibitor of apoptasis(XIAP),Caspase-9 and Bcl-xL were changed.Conclusion:The sensitivity of chemotherapy could be assessed by MTT assay,Annexin V/PI assay and Western Blot.The best examine time of the three chemotherapuc agents was 5-FU(200μg/mL):>12h,DDP(150μg/mL):8-12h,or TAXOL(50μg/mL):<4h.

The Perception and Reaction of Indonesia to the Belt and Road Initiative and Suggestions for China's Response

Participation, support and understanding of countries along the Belt and Road are requisites for promoting and implementing this major initiative. Indonesia, a major ASEAN economy, is crucial but Indonesia has a limited perception of the B&R initiative. Although its government welcomes it and the ruling coalition cooperates positively, parts of the military and opposition are skeptical of China's intent. The B&R initiative is well-received among the Indonesian Chinese group, while Indonesian academic circles remain cautious and somewhat critical. From a Chinese viewpoint, easing negative or hostile emotions appropriately would be well-timed. China should settle the Natuna issue, adjust its publicity in Indonesia, use diplomacy, and promote Sino-Indonesia cultural exchange and communications. Chinese enterprises should focus on project quality and uphold social responsibilities. Short-term goals are reducing Indonesia's opposition and obstruction of B&R, while long-term goals are enhancing the recognition and likeability of the Initiative's worthwhile plans.

Nematicidal Effects of Azadirachta indica Seed Extract on Meloidogyne spp.

Root-Knot Nematodes （RKN） Meloidogyne spp. significantly affects glasshouse tomatoes in Central Greece. Elimination or halting J2s could be an efficient strategy to control RKN. Recently, it was reported that a commercial product of Neem （Azadirachta indica） seed extract （Azadirachtin 1% Emulsion Concentrate-EC） significantly reduced the number of galls on tomato roots and egg masses, compared to the untreated control. In the present study neem proved to have a direct immobilising effect on RKN J2s. Different concentrations （0, 0.05, 0,1, 0.25, 0.5, I, 5, 10, 25 and 50%） of the tested neem product were applied with water containing fresh J2s and in soil naturally infected with RKN. Records of immobilised J2s were taken after 10 min, 1 h, 6 h, 24 h and 72 h of Neem application in water and after six days of neem application into the soil. Neem solution concentrations 5% and 10%, resulted in 85% ± 3.2 and 100% of immobilised J2s. The same concentrations of neem when were added in the water for nematode extraction from the soil, resulted 14.25% ± 4.01 and 1.7%, of J2s extracted from the soil with a significant concentration effect （P = 0.008）, compared to the untreated control. However, the neem product at high application dose significant damage the tomato plants caused phytoxicity.