Exploitation of coal seams in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin is conducted in complex and difficult conditions. These difficulties are connected with the occurrence of many natural mining hazards and limitations resulti...Exploitation of coal seams in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin is conducted in complex and difficult conditions. These difficulties are connected with the occurrence of many natural mining hazards and limitations resulting from the existing in this area surface infrastructure. One of the most important problems of Polish mining is the rock burst hazard and reliable evaluation of its condition. During long-years’ mining practice in Poland a comprehensive system of evaluation and control of this hazard was developed. In the paper the main aspects of rock burst hazard state evaluation will be presented, comprising: 1) rock mass inclination for rock bursts, i.e., rock strength properties investigation, comprehensive parametric evaluation of rock mass inclination for rock bursts, prognosis of seismic events induced by mining operations, methods of computer-aided modelling of stress and rock mass deformation parameters distribution, strategic rock mass classification under rock burst degrees; 2) immediate seismic and rock burst hazard state evaluation, i.e., low diameter test drilling method, seismologic and seismoacoustic method, comprehensive method of rock burst hazard state evaluation, non-standard methods of evaluation; 3) legal aspects of rock burst hazard state evaluation. Selected elements of the hazard state evaluation system are illustrated with specific practical examples of their application.展开更多
Background： Glenohumeral internal rotation deficit （GIRD） is a risk factor for shoulder and elbow injury in baseball players. Although this evidence forms a basis for recommending stretching, clinical measures of i...Background： Glenohumeral internal rotation deficit （GIRD） is a risk factor for shoulder and elbow injury in baseball players. Although this evidence forms a basis for recommending stretching, clinical measures of internal rotation range of motion （ROM） do not differentiate if GIRD is due to muscular, capsuloligamentous, or osseous factors. Understanding the contributions of these structures to GIRD is important for the development of targeted interventions. We hypothesize that the osseous component will have the greatest relative contribution to GIRD, followed by muscle stiffness and posterior capsule thickness. Methods： Internal rotation ROM, muscle stiffness （teres minor, infraspinatus, and posterior deltoid）, posterior capsule thickness, and humeral retrotorsion were evaluated on 156 baseball players. A side-to-side difference was calculated for each variable. Variables were entered into a multivariable linear regression to determine the significant predictors of GIRD. Results： The regression model was statistically significant （R2 = 0.134, F（1, 156） = 24.0, p 〈 0.01） with only humeral retrotorsion difference remaining as a significant predictor （β = -0.243, t156 = -4.9, p 〈 0.01）. A greater humeral retrotorsion side-to-side difference was associated with more GIRD. Conclusion： Humeral retrotorsion accounted for 13.3% of the variance in GIRD. The stiffness of the superficial shoulder muscles and capsular thickness, as measured in this study, were not predictors of GIRD. Factors not assessed in this study, such as deeper muscle stiffness, capsule/ ligament laxity, and neuromuscular regulation of muscle stiffness may also contribute to GIRD. Since it is the largest contributor to GIRD, causes of changes in humeral retrotorsion need to be identified. The osseous component only accounted for 13.3% of the variance in GIRD, indicating a large contribution from soft tissues factors that were not addressed in this study. These factors need to be identified to develop evidence-based evaluations and intervention programs to decrease the risk of injury in baseball players.展开更多
In The Sky Fall series, romance and horror are the main impetuses that keep the plot developing. How the protagonists, Vane and Audra, bravely face the obstacles and hazards on the way of pursuing true love as well as...In The Sky Fall series, romance and horror are the main impetuses that keep the plot developing. How the protagonists, Vane and Audra, bravely face the obstacles and hazards on the way of pursuing true love as well as freedom for people under the tyranny of Raiden becomes the essence of the series. Love helps Vane and Audra overcome various difficulties and threats to their individual development. In the present paper, the author tries to analyze how Shannon Messenger, the author of the book, successfully mingles the fantasy element ofparanormal romance with the Gothic elements of horror to foreground the initiation theme in The Sky Fall series展开更多
Objective To investigate the correlation between the serum resistin level and carotid artery atherosclerosis in elderly Chinese males. Methods The study enrolled 235 elderly Chinese males [median age 76 （range 60-97...Objective To investigate the correlation between the serum resistin level and carotid artery atherosclerosis in elderly Chinese males. Methods The study enrolled 235 elderly Chinese males [median age 76 （range 60-97） years] scheduled for ultrasound examination of carotid artery plaque and determination of carotid artery intima-media thickness （CIMT）. They were divided into carotid atherosclerotic plaque （CAP） and carotid atherosclerotic plaque-free （CAP-free） groups according to the ultrasound results. Their clinical profiles were col-lected, and the serum resistin and other blood biochemistry levels were determined.Results The CAP group was older and had a thicker mean CIMT than the CAP-free group. However, there was no difference in the serum resistin level between the groups. CIMT was positively correlated with age （r = 0.299,P〈 0.001）. The serum resistin level was not correlated with CIMT, even after controlling for age. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that age （β = 0.001,P〈 0.001） and body mass index （β = 0.002,P= 0.015） were significantly and posi-tively correlated with the mean CIMT. Only age [odds ratio （OR）： 1.159; 95% confidence interval （CI）： 1.078-1.183,P〈 0.001] was associ-ated with the presence of carotid artery atherosclerotic plaque. The serum resistin level was not correlated with the mean CIMT or associated with the presence of carotid artery atherosclerotic plaque.Conclusion The results suggest that resistin might not be a risk factor for atherosclerosis in elderly Chinese males.展开更多
基金Project R0903003 supported by the Research-Development Project of Poland
文摘Exploitation of coal seams in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin is conducted in complex and difficult conditions. These difficulties are connected with the occurrence of many natural mining hazards and limitations resulting from the existing in this area surface infrastructure. One of the most important problems of Polish mining is the rock burst hazard and reliable evaluation of its condition. During long-years’ mining practice in Poland a comprehensive system of evaluation and control of this hazard was developed. In the paper the main aspects of rock burst hazard state evaluation will be presented, comprising: 1) rock mass inclination for rock bursts, i.e., rock strength properties investigation, comprehensive parametric evaluation of rock mass inclination for rock bursts, prognosis of seismic events induced by mining operations, methods of computer-aided modelling of stress and rock mass deformation parameters distribution, strategic rock mass classification under rock burst degrees; 2) immediate seismic and rock burst hazard state evaluation, i.e., low diameter test drilling method, seismologic and seismoacoustic method, comprehensive method of rock burst hazard state evaluation, non-standard methods of evaluation; 3) legal aspects of rock burst hazard state evaluation. Selected elements of the hazard state evaluation system are illustrated with specific practical examples of their application.
文摘Background： Glenohumeral internal rotation deficit （GIRD） is a risk factor for shoulder and elbow injury in baseball players. Although this evidence forms a basis for recommending stretching, clinical measures of internal rotation range of motion （ROM） do not differentiate if GIRD is due to muscular, capsuloligamentous, or osseous factors. Understanding the contributions of these structures to GIRD is important for the development of targeted interventions. We hypothesize that the osseous component will have the greatest relative contribution to GIRD, followed by muscle stiffness and posterior capsule thickness. Methods： Internal rotation ROM, muscle stiffness （teres minor, infraspinatus, and posterior deltoid）, posterior capsule thickness, and humeral retrotorsion were evaluated on 156 baseball players. A side-to-side difference was calculated for each variable. Variables were entered into a multivariable linear regression to determine the significant predictors of GIRD. Results： The regression model was statistically significant （R2 = 0.134, F（1, 156） = 24.0, p 〈 0.01） with only humeral retrotorsion difference remaining as a significant predictor （β = -0.243, t156 = -4.9, p 〈 0.01）. A greater humeral retrotorsion side-to-side difference was associated with more GIRD. Conclusion： Humeral retrotorsion accounted for 13.3% of the variance in GIRD. The stiffness of the superficial shoulder muscles and capsular thickness, as measured in this study, were not predictors of GIRD. Factors not assessed in this study, such as deeper muscle stiffness, capsule/ ligament laxity, and neuromuscular regulation of muscle stiffness may also contribute to GIRD. Since it is the largest contributor to GIRD, causes of changes in humeral retrotorsion need to be identified. The osseous component only accounted for 13.3% of the variance in GIRD, indicating a large contribution from soft tissues factors that were not addressed in this study. These factors need to be identified to develop evidence-based evaluations and intervention programs to decrease the risk of injury in baseball players.
文摘In The Sky Fall series, romance and horror are the main impetuses that keep the plot developing. How the protagonists, Vane and Audra, bravely face the obstacles and hazards on the way of pursuing true love as well as freedom for people under the tyranny of Raiden becomes the essence of the series. Love helps Vane and Audra overcome various difficulties and threats to their individual development. In the present paper, the author tries to analyze how Shannon Messenger, the author of the book, successfully mingles the fantasy element ofparanormal romance with the Gothic elements of horror to foreground the initiation theme in The Sky Fall series
文摘Objective To investigate the correlation between the serum resistin level and carotid artery atherosclerosis in elderly Chinese males. Methods The study enrolled 235 elderly Chinese males [median age 76 （range 60-97） years] scheduled for ultrasound examination of carotid artery plaque and determination of carotid artery intima-media thickness （CIMT）. They were divided into carotid atherosclerotic plaque （CAP） and carotid atherosclerotic plaque-free （CAP-free） groups according to the ultrasound results. Their clinical profiles were col-lected, and the serum resistin and other blood biochemistry levels were determined.Results The CAP group was older and had a thicker mean CIMT than the CAP-free group. However, there was no difference in the serum resistin level between the groups. CIMT was positively correlated with age （r = 0.299,P〈 0.001）. The serum resistin level was not correlated with CIMT, even after controlling for age. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that age （β = 0.001,P〈 0.001） and body mass index （β = 0.002,P= 0.015） were significantly and posi-tively correlated with the mean CIMT. Only age [odds ratio （OR）： 1.159; 95% confidence interval （CI）： 1.078-1.183,P〈 0.001] was associ-ated with the presence of carotid artery atherosclerotic plaque. The serum resistin level was not correlated with the mean CIMT or associated with the presence of carotid artery atherosclerotic plaque.Conclusion The results suggest that resistin might not be a risk factor for atherosclerosis in elderly Chinese males.
