提出了一种生物质高温气化的新方法。选取木屑为气化物料,在700℃、800℃和1 000℃分别进行高温气化实验。实验表明:高温气化有利于提高合成燃气热值,强化气化反应;合成燃气中CO2和CxHy的含量及热值随温度的变化规律与理论结果基本吻合...提出了一种生物质高温气化的新方法。选取木屑为气化物料,在700℃、800℃和1 000℃分别进行高温气化实验。实验表明:高温气化有利于提高合成燃气热值,强化气化反应;合成燃气中CO2和CxHy的含量及热值随温度的变化规律与理论结果基本吻合,热值达到6.19 M J/m3。证实了生物质高温气化技术的可行性。展开更多
The HCPB concept has been a European DEMO reference concept for nearly one decade. Detailed thermal-hydraulic study on the control behavior of the whole system is one of the important parts of this development. The th...The HCPB concept has been a European DEMO reference concept for nearly one decade. Detailed thermal-hydraulic study on the control behavior of the whole system is one of the important parts of this development. The thermal-hydraulic effect of the TBM-combined cooling circuit during a cyclic operation in ITER has been studied using the system code RELAP5. The RELAP5 is based on an one-dimensional, transient two-fluid model for the flow of a two-phase steam-water mixture that can contain noncondensable components like Helium. The RELAP5-models are modified to take the cyclic operation of the circulator, heat exchanger, bypass, valves etc in to account. A sequence of operational phases is investigated, starting from the cold state through the heating phase that brings the system to a stand-by condition, followed by typical power cycles applied in ITER. The results show that the implemented control mechanisms keep the inlet temperature to the TBM and the total mass flow rate at the required values through all phases.展开更多
Pebble bed reactors enable the circulation of pebble fuel elements when the reactors are in operation.This unique design helps to optimize the burnup and power distribution, reduces the excessive reactivity of the rea...Pebble bed reactors enable the circulation of pebble fuel elements when the reactors are in operation.This unique design helps to optimize the burnup and power distribution, reduces the excessive reactivity of the reactor,and provides a mean to identify and segregate damaged fuel elements during operation. The movement of the pebbles in the core, or the kinematics of the pebble bed,significantly affect the above features and is not fully understood. We designed and built a detection system that can measure 3-axis acceleration, 3-axis angular velocity,3-axis rotation angles, and vibration and temperature of multiple pebbles anywhere in the pebble bed. This system uses pebble-shaped detectors that can flow with other pebbles and does not disturb the pebble movement. We used new technologies to enable instant response, precise measurement, and simultaneous collection of data from a large number of detectors. Our tests show that the detection system has a negligible zero drift and the accuracy is better than the designed value. The residence time of the pebbles in a moving pebble bed was also measured using the system.展开更多
The finite element analysis and calculation were performed for the blanket first-wallmade of SiC/SiC composite material for Advanced Steady-state Tokamak Reactor 2, A-SSTR2,which at present is conceptually designed in...The finite element analysis and calculation were performed for the blanket first-wallmade of SiC/SiC composite material for Advanced Steady-state Tokamak Reactor 2, A-SSTR2,which at present is conceptually designed in Naka Fusion research establishment, JAERI. Compar-ison analysis and design window were analyzed using the finite element code ADINA 7.4. Througha 2D calculation for various geometrical configurations and sensitive material properties, a fun-damental guideline for the first wall and blanket design are established with respect to maximumtemperature, thermal and mechanical stress for many configurations. To satisfy hydrodynamicrequirement, a4d4 (the dimension of coolant channel is 4 mm × 8 mm, and the distance betweenneighboring channels is 4 mm) was chosen as a design point for high thermal conductivity upto 50 W/m.K. In order to find a good solution for lower conductivity, more elaborate work shouldbe done in the future. Nonetheless, the outline of design window for a specific structural materialis very useful for the future A-SSTR2 first wall design.展开更多
文摘提出了一种生物质高温气化的新方法。选取木屑为气化物料,在700℃、800℃和1 000℃分别进行高温气化实验。实验表明:高温气化有利于提高合成燃气热值,强化气化反应;合成燃气中CO2和CxHy的含量及热值随温度的变化规律与理论结果基本吻合,热值达到6.19 M J/m3。证实了生物质高温气化技术的可行性。
基金The project supported by European Fusion Development Agreement (EFDA) Technology Work Program
文摘The HCPB concept has been a European DEMO reference concept for nearly one decade. Detailed thermal-hydraulic study on the control behavior of the whole system is one of the important parts of this development. The thermal-hydraulic effect of the TBM-combined cooling circuit during a cyclic operation in ITER has been studied using the system code RELAP5. The RELAP5 is based on an one-dimensional, transient two-fluid model for the flow of a two-phase steam-water mixture that can contain noncondensable components like Helium. The RELAP5-models are modified to take the cyclic operation of the circulator, heat exchanger, bypass, valves etc in to account. A sequence of operational phases is investigated, starting from the cold state through the heating phase that brings the system to a stand-by condition, followed by typical power cycles applied in ITER. The results show that the implemented control mechanisms keep the inlet temperature to the TBM and the total mass flow rate at the required values through all phases.
基金Supported by the ‘‘Strategic Priority Research Program’’ of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDA02050100)
文摘Pebble bed reactors enable the circulation of pebble fuel elements when the reactors are in operation.This unique design helps to optimize the burnup and power distribution, reduces the excessive reactivity of the reactor,and provides a mean to identify and segregate damaged fuel elements during operation. The movement of the pebbles in the core, or the kinematics of the pebble bed,significantly affect the above features and is not fully understood. We designed and built a detection system that can measure 3-axis acceleration, 3-axis angular velocity,3-axis rotation angles, and vibration and temperature of multiple pebbles anywhere in the pebble bed. This system uses pebble-shaped detectors that can flow with other pebbles and does not disturb the pebble movement. We used new technologies to enable instant response, precise measurement, and simultaneous collection of data from a large number of detectors. Our tests show that the detection system has a negligible zero drift and the accuracy is better than the designed value. The residence time of the pebbles in a moving pebble bed was also measured using the system.
文摘The finite element analysis and calculation were performed for the blanket first-wallmade of SiC/SiC composite material for Advanced Steady-state Tokamak Reactor 2, A-SSTR2,which at present is conceptually designed in Naka Fusion research establishment, JAERI. Compar-ison analysis and design window were analyzed using the finite element code ADINA 7.4. Througha 2D calculation for various geometrical configurations and sensitive material properties, a fun-damental guideline for the first wall and blanket design are established with respect to maximumtemperature, thermal and mechanical stress for many configurations. To satisfy hydrodynamicrequirement, a4d4 (the dimension of coolant channel is 4 mm × 8 mm, and the distance betweenneighboring channels is 4 mm) was chosen as a design point for high thermal conductivity upto 50 W/m.K. In order to find a good solution for lower conductivity, more elaborate work shouldbe done in the future. Nonetheless, the outline of design window for a specific structural materialis very useful for the future A-SSTR2 first wall design.
