The translation of place-names plays a significant part in both translation and the process of communication. The translation of place-names is a cross-cultural communication, especially in the translation of the plac...The translation of place-names plays a significant part in both translation and the process of communication. The translation of place-names is a cross-cultural communication, especially in the translation of the place-names with allusion-oriented meaning. The translators should consider the cultural meaning of the place-names and convey the cultural meaning accurately to the foreigners. This paper is based on some cases that have been searched, illustrating the translation of place-names on allusion-oriented from the perspective of cross-cultural communication consciousness and the strategy of foreignization. It also analyzes the basic guiding principl strategies and specific translation methods on the translation of Chinese place-names, as well as the scope es, of various translation methods, such as literal translation, free translation, combination of both of them, and proposes the guiding principles of this kind of translation which should be ＂literal translation-headed, proper free translation, and appropriate interpretation＂. The other principles are ＂following the pronunciation of the owners of proper names, adopting the established popular translated names, and using the standard pronunciation of the Chinese character＂ etc. Based on it, this paper discusses the translation of the place-names, such as ＂Zhenyuan＇展开更多
In this article the crucial role of the Lutheran Church in Sweden in neighboring Lutheran Danish enemies in the province of Scania into the pseudo-indigenization process of making loyal Swedish citizen after the peace...In this article the crucial role of the Lutheran Church in Sweden in neighboring Lutheran Danish enemies in the province of Scania into the pseudo-indigenization process of making loyal Swedish citizen after the peace treaty of Roskilde 1658, and more pronounced after 1678, is described and discussed. The process included educational, pedagogical, judicial, liturgical and theological-rhetorical means and had significant, invaluable, and long lasting consequences. The province remains as a part of the Kingdom of Sweden. From a historical perspective, the process was fast and successful, even though some modem historians question the speediness of the process and thereby want to modify the picture of a fast and non-problematic Swedification or pseudo-indigenization process.展开更多
Inspired by Phil Benson＇s study on the relations between ethnocentrism and the China-related entries in the OED2, this paper attempts to further examine how the image of China, a so--called ＂peripheral object of Wes...Inspired by Phil Benson＇s study on the relations between ethnocentrism and the China-related entries in the OED2, this paper attempts to further examine how the image of China, a so--called ＂peripheral object of Western knowledge,＂ has been （ntis-） constructed in the dictionary, particularly its latest 2009 CD-ROM version, into which many laudable updates, including corrections and supplements, have been meticulously incorporated. It argues that （ 1 ） although British imperialism was a closed chapter, its vestiges can still be spotted in the dictionary text, not only in the quotations, which preserve historical information rather than reflect the editors＇ opinions, but also in the definitions and notes, which betray primarily the thoughts of these editors, （ 2 ） to an average user, the OED, with its legendary philological authority, is very likely to project ＂ historical objectivity＂ into some problematic contents and thus misleads an innocent and uninformed mind, and （3） if ethnocentrism is an unavoidable component in the OED1 and OED2, then the editorial team of the OED3 in the making would do well to introduce into their work an element of＂ ＂ entholocalism,＂ by which is meant the ideological neutrality as well as the technical accuracy of encyclopedic information about such important peripheral objects as China, the most populous country and a fast growing economy, in the world in which the English language against the backdrop of globalization has firmly established itself as the international lingua fianca without rival. So long as it is intended to remain a historical dictionary true to its name, the OED ought to push forward, in the form of new editions, with the times.展开更多
文摘The translation of place-names plays a significant part in both translation and the process of communication. The translation of place-names is a cross-cultural communication, especially in the translation of the place-names with allusion-oriented meaning. The translators should consider the cultural meaning of the place-names and convey the cultural meaning accurately to the foreigners. This paper is based on some cases that have been searched, illustrating the translation of place-names on allusion-oriented from the perspective of cross-cultural communication consciousness and the strategy of foreignization. It also analyzes the basic guiding principl strategies and specific translation methods on the translation of Chinese place-names, as well as the scope es, of various translation methods, such as literal translation, free translation, combination of both of them, and proposes the guiding principles of this kind of translation which should be ＂literal translation-headed, proper free translation, and appropriate interpretation＂. The other principles are ＂following the pronunciation of the owners of proper names, adopting the established popular translated names, and using the standard pronunciation of the Chinese character＂ etc. Based on it, this paper discusses the translation of the place-names, such as ＂Zhenyuan＇
文摘In this article the crucial role of the Lutheran Church in Sweden in neighboring Lutheran Danish enemies in the province of Scania into the pseudo-indigenization process of making loyal Swedish citizen after the peace treaty of Roskilde 1658, and more pronounced after 1678, is described and discussed. The process included educational, pedagogical, judicial, liturgical and theological-rhetorical means and had significant, invaluable, and long lasting consequences. The province remains as a part of the Kingdom of Sweden. From a historical perspective, the process was fast and successful, even though some modem historians question the speediness of the process and thereby want to modify the picture of a fast and non-problematic Swedification or pseudo-indigenization process.
文摘Inspired by Phil Benson＇s study on the relations between ethnocentrism and the China-related entries in the OED2, this paper attempts to further examine how the image of China, a so--called ＂peripheral object of Western knowledge,＂ has been （ntis-） constructed in the dictionary, particularly its latest 2009 CD-ROM version, into which many laudable updates, including corrections and supplements, have been meticulously incorporated. It argues that （ 1 ） although British imperialism was a closed chapter, its vestiges can still be spotted in the dictionary text, not only in the quotations, which preserve historical information rather than reflect the editors＇ opinions, but also in the definitions and notes, which betray primarily the thoughts of these editors, （ 2 ） to an average user, the OED, with its legendary philological authority, is very likely to project ＂ historical objectivity＂ into some problematic contents and thus misleads an innocent and uninformed mind, and （3） if ethnocentrism is an unavoidable component in the OED1 and OED2, then the editorial team of the OED3 in the making would do well to introduce into their work an element of＂ ＂ entholocalism,＂ by which is meant the ideological neutrality as well as the technical accuracy of encyclopedic information about such important peripheral objects as China, the most populous country and a fast growing economy, in the world in which the English language against the backdrop of globalization has firmly established itself as the international lingua fianca without rival. So long as it is intended to remain a historical dictionary true to its name, the OED ought to push forward, in the form of new editions, with the times.
