历版《新华字典》修订内容的时代特色

《新华字典》是我国迄今最具有影响力的一部小型汉语字典,其涵盖内容广泛,具有较强的准确性和科学性。由于再版修订次数较多,因而时代特色鲜明。笔者对1953年初版-2011年最新版的《新华字典》所修订的内容中能够体现出时代特征的部分进行了梳理,归纳了一些可以鲜明地反映出不同时代的政治、经济、文化、社会生活以及最新的具有网络时代特色的字和词。这些受时代影响所发生的变化主要体现于字形的增删和书写变动、字音的增音和改读、释义的时代科学性逐步增强、收词和书证的增减变化以及说明和附录的调整等方面。

历版《中国药典》炮制通则的演变

自1953年至今,共颁布了9版《药典》。第一版未载＂炮制通则＂（下简称＂通则＂）,但载有植物药与油脂65种、动物药13种,各品种项下均无炮制方法。自1963~2010年版均载＂通则＂,现将各版＂通则＂的变化概述如下。

A Study of Parody in The Adventures of Augie March

The Adventures of Augie March （2006） has been approached from various perspectives by critics since its publication. It has been studied from the point of view of culture, religion, history, modernism, postmodemism, and various schools of literary theories, while the use of parody in this novel was comparatively ignored. Through close reading of the novel, the present study finds that in one of his important novels, The Adventures of Augie March, by the use of parody of Augie＇s opposition to various influences with Jacob＇s fight with God, Saul Bellow successfully presents Augie as an image sticking stubbornly to ＂truth, love, peace, bounty, usefulness, harmony＂ and saying perpetually ＂no＂ to persuaders of all kinds of immoral influences, thus providing a more comprehensive reading of the novel.

＂Long Live King Albany!＂： The History of King Lear （1608） and the Revolution in Shakespeare Studies

A revolution in Shakespeare studies over the past three decades asks that we take earlier quarto versions of his plays as fully independent texts. In no case can such a change in our outlook yield more illuminating results than a serious look at the 1608 Quarto version of Shakespeare＇s King Lear. The 1623 Folio version and the ＂conflated＂ modem editions, which combine the ＂best＂ readings of the Quarto and Folio versions, both anoint his godson Edgar, the Earl of Gloucester, as the new king at the end. However, the 1608 Quarto version elevates, not Edgar, but Lear＇s son-in-law, the Duke of Albany, to the kingship at the end. Shakespeare may be telling the same story in texts that seem strikingly similar, but the difference in the endings shifts the center of gravity in both plays, requiring an interpretation that makes sense out this difference. The title page of the 1608 Quarto version of King Lear describes it as a ＂history＂; yet this ＂same＂ King Lear is listed as a ＂tragedy＂ in the 1623 Folio. The difference between those two words is the key to why Shakespeare＇s two versions could have startlingly different outcomes.

中医药高等教育一至四版统编教材略探

对中医药高等教育一至四版统编教材的编写背景进行了详细的介绍,并简要分析了各版教材的书目、出版年代、字数、开本、出版社等基本出版概况,总结了各版统编教材在教材内容、编写体例、教材体系、总体特色等方面的特点,通过对以上内容的介绍及研究,提出了一至四版统编教材研究对当前教材建设的意义。

Onsite Testing of Ammonium Oxalate Treatment Applied to Historical Salt-Infested Limestone

Ammonium oxalate treatment, previously extensively studied on limestone in the laboratory, was applied to powdering historical stonework （limestone） situated on the shoreline in the Mediterranean Island of Malta. This paper presents the results obtained from onsite testing that aimed at evaluating the treatment in terms of its aesthetic performance, the depth of treatment, the mechanical properties of the consolidated stone and the influence on water transport. To this end, the testing program included colorimetry, DRMS （drilling resistance measurement system） and water absorption through the contact sponge method. This study is Part One of the final phase of a wider research program which included two previous phases progressing from treating this same very porous stone type in a laboratory-based controlled environment to uncontrolled site conditions, seeking to quantify this treatment＇s effectiveness in the field. Results showed that onsite consolidation was achieved and that although some changes in colour and water absorption were brought about by the treatment, these were within acceptable tolerance limits. Besides carrying out these treatments and evaluations directly on the coast, this study anticipates further studies which will look at rural and urban sites where the types and concentrations of salts are expected to be different.

Digging in the Garden of Eden

The paper first presents the translation of Hebrew Genesis entitled At the Start... Genesis Made New. The new version belongs to the field of ethno-poetics. It intends to take today＇s listener/reader back in time by capturing the characteristics of the original Hebrew and expressing them through the medium of modern English. If translations may be said to reflect archaeological layers of social history, At the Start... Genesis Made New attempts to dig down with the purpose of reaching the deepest layer： critical analysis of terminology in the Garden of Eden story provides insights into the primitive Hebrew society that invented this particular myth more than 3,000 years ago. The paper also looks at the same story as translated in the Revised Standard Version, first published as the Authorised Version or King James Bible in 1661, and The New English Bible published in 1961. Different world views characteristic of European society in recent centuries colours the understanding of the biblical text. The translations are affected in consequence. A comparison between the versions is revealing…

杜仲酒可治肾虚腰痛等5则

杜仲酒可治肾虚腰痛若中老人有肾虚引起的腰痛,可取杜仲50克、白酒或米酒500毫升,将杜仲切碎,放入酒中浸泡,密封,浸泡1周后可开始饮用。每日1~2次,每次1小杯(5~10毫升)。1个月为1个疗程。杜仲最早载于《神农本草经》,“杜仲,味辛平,主腰膝痛,补中,益精气,坚筋骨”,被认为是传统名贵滋补药材,历版药典均有收载,如《本草纲目》记载:“杜仲色紫而润,味甘微辛,其气温平,干温能补,微辛能润,能入肝补肾。”