循环压应力下的耐压结构疲劳裂纹扩展分析

以Paris公式为代表的传统断裂理论不能对裂纹在压应力下的扩展特性做出解释,潜艇耐压壳体大部分区域处于压缩应力状态,因此文章基于McEvily公式对此进行分析。为增强其对高强钢的适应性将McEvily公式的指数设为变量,利用现有的高强钢裂纹扩展实验数据对公式的相关参数进行了拟合,并分别分析了相关参数对裂纹扩展速率的影响,最后利用拟合得到的公式,对纵向压应力最大的凸结合边内表面处的初始裂纹在恒幅循环压缩载荷(△σ=const,R=-∞)作用下的扩展情况进行了预测。

混凝土双轴拉压、三轴拉压压变幅疲劳性能研究

利用大型多轴疲劳试验机,进行了拉压双轴和拉压压三轴荷载作用下混凝土两级、三级变幅疲劳试验研究,重点分析了残余应变的变化规律。试验结果表明:混凝土在拉压和拉压压加载工况下的残余应变主要与相对疲劳次数和侧压应力比有关,基本不受加载历程因素的影响。定义相对残余应变为损伤变量,建立了损伤演变方程,并进行了疲劳损伤分析和剩余疲劳寿命预测,为混凝土在多轴变幅疲劳试验研究及疲劳损伤评价提供参考。

A generalized plane strain theory for transversely isotropic piezoelectric plates

Study of generalized plane strain has so far been limited to elasticity. The present is aimed at parallel development of transversely isotropic piezoelasticity. By assuming that the along depth distribution of electric potential is linear, and that com- monly used Kane-Mindlin kinematical assumption is valid, two dimensional solution systems were deduced, for which, explicit solutions of the out-of-plane constraint factor, as well as the stress resultant concentration factor around a circular hole in a transversely isotropic piezoelectric plate subjected to remote biaxial tension are obtained. Comparisons of these formulas with their counterparts for elastic case yielded suggestions that whether the piezoelectric effect exacerbates or mitigates the stress resultant concentration greatly depends on material properties, particularly, the piezoelectric coefficients; the effect of plate thickness was extensively investigated.