2022年汛期长江流域发生了历史罕见的流域性干旱,大通站9—10月份流量在11000 m 3/s上下浮动。9月份开始,叠加台风的影响,长江口遭遇了严重的盐水入侵事件,威胁上海市供水安全。结合实测流量、风速和盐度数据分析,认为此次盐水入侵由低...2022年汛期长江流域发生了历史罕见的流域性干旱,大通站9—10月份流量在11000 m 3/s上下浮动。9月份开始,叠加台风的影响,长江口遭遇了严重的盐水入侵事件,威胁上海市供水安全。结合实测流量、风速和盐度数据分析,认为此次盐水入侵由低流量和台风导致;基于此,采用三维河口海岸数值模型定量分析三峡水库应急补水的压咸效果。结果表明,应急补水削弱了长江口的盐水入侵,减小了咸潮上溯距离,南支—北港纵断面0.45 psu等盐度线下移了17 km,降低了水库取水口盐度,为青草沙水库争取了约6 h的取水窗口。10月份2次寒潮在一定程度上削弱了此次补水效果,为确保补水效果需加强河口地区水文、潮汐及气象综合监测能力,以保障上海市淡水利用安全。展开更多
This paper presents a PV (photovoltaic) powered RO (reverse osmosis) plant for brackish water without batteries and a self-regulating pressure valve. The aim is to extract the maximum power from the PV module usin...This paper presents a PV (photovoltaic) powered RO (reverse osmosis) plant for brackish water without batteries and a self-regulating pressure valve. The aim is to extract the maximum power from the PV module using an MPPT (maximum power point tracking) technique for powering a solar water pump and maintain constant the pressure in the RO membranes by using the self-operated valve. A Buck type converter using the InCond (incremental conductance) MPPT was developed for this application. The MPPT chosen was simulated, tested and validated, showing an efficiency of 86.8%. The technical feasibility of the RO plant was made by PLC (programmable logic controller) and was tested for two salinity levels (1,000 and 1,500 mg/L of TDS (total dissolved solids)). These salinity levels chosen are commonly found in most brackish water wells of the semi-arid region of Northeastern Brazil. The RO plant could permeate 175.3 L/day of drinking water with 120 mg/L of TDS and specific energy consumption of 2.56 kWh/m3.展开更多
文摘This paper presents a PV (photovoltaic) powered RO (reverse osmosis) plant for brackish water without batteries and a self-regulating pressure valve. The aim is to extract the maximum power from the PV module using an MPPT (maximum power point tracking) technique for powering a solar water pump and maintain constant the pressure in the RO membranes by using the self-operated valve. A Buck type converter using the InCond (incremental conductance) MPPT was developed for this application. The MPPT chosen was simulated, tested and validated, showing an efficiency of 86.8%. The technical feasibility of the RO plant was made by PLC (programmable logic controller) and was tested for two salinity levels (1,000 and 1,500 mg/L of TDS (total dissolved solids)). These salinity levels chosen are commonly found in most brackish water wells of the semi-arid region of Northeastern Brazil. The RO plant could permeate 175.3 L/day of drinking water with 120 mg/L of TDS and specific energy consumption of 2.56 kWh/m3.