A newly developed Deep Ocean Compact Autonomous Raman Spectrometer （DOCARS） system is introduced and used for in-situ detection of acid radical ions in this paper. To evaluate the feasibility and capability of DOCAR...A newly developed Deep Ocean Compact Autonomous Raman Spectrometer （DOCARS） system is introduced and used for in-situ detection of acid radical ions in this paper. To evaluate the feasibility and capability of DOCARS for quantitative analysis of the acid radical ions in the deep ocean, extensive investigations have been carried out both in laboratory and sea trials during the development phase. In the laboratory investigations, Raman spectra of the prepared samples （acid radical ions solutions） were obtained, and analyzed using the method of internal standard normalization in data processing. The Raman signal of acid radical ions was normalized by that of water molecules. The calibration curve showed that the normalized Raman signal intensity of SO4^2-, NO3^-, and HCO^-3 increases linearly as the concentration rises with correlation coefficient R^2 of 0.99, 0.99, and 0.98 respectively. The linear function obtained from the calibration curve was then used for the analysis of the spectra ,data acquired in the sea trial under a simulating chemical field in the deep-sea environment. It was found that the detected concentration of NO3 according to the linear function can reflect the concentration changes of NO~ after the sample was released, and the detection accuracy of the DOCARS system for SO^2-_4 is 8%. All the results showed that the DOCARS system has great potential in quantitative detection of acid radical ions under the deep-sea environment, while the sensitivity of the DOCARS system is expected to be improved.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To analyze the distinctive pathological characteristics in the spectrums of spontaneous infrared radiation at the Taiyuan(LU 9) acupoint in patients with asthma.METHODS:A highly sensitive infrared spectrum d...OBJECTIVE:To analyze the distinctive pathological characteristics in the spectrums of spontaneous infrared radiation at the Taiyuan(LU 9) acupoint in patients with asthma.METHODS:A highly sensitive infrared spectrum detecting device was used to detect the spectrums of spontaneous infrared radiation at Taiyuan(LU 9) in 37 asthma patients and 34 healthy volunteers.RESULTS:Asthma patients had significantly lower infrared intensity than that of the healthy volunteers(P>0.01).Asthma patients had significantly lower overall infrared radiation intensity at the left Taiyuan(LU 9) than that of healthy volunteers(P>0.05),but there was no significant difference between healthy volunteers and asthma patients at the right Taiyuan(LU 9)(P>0.05).The infrared radiation intensity of 17 wavelength spots at the left Taiyuan(LU 9) and 4 wavelength spots at the right Taiyuan(LU 9) in asthma patients were significantly lower than those of healthy volunteers(P>0.05).At 2 μm,the infrared radiation intensity of asthma patients was significantly stronger than that of healthy volunteers(P>0.05).At 19 wavelength spots in the healthy volunteers and at 4 wavelength spots in the asthma patients,the left Taiyuan(LU 9) showed a significantly stronger intensity than that of the right Taiyuan(LU 9)(P>0.05).By Pearson's χ2 test,healthy volunteers had more wavelength spots that were significantly different between the left and right Taiyuan(LU 9) than the asthma patients(P>0.01).CONCLUSION:Changes in the infrared spectrum at the Taiyuan(LU 9) acupoint in asthma patients may reflect distinct pathological changes.Certain acupuncture points may be related to specific organs.展开更多
In-situ transmission electron microscopy(TEM)has been demonstrated to be a powerful method in resolving challenging problems such as interactions among various defects.To take advantage of the atomic resolution of adv...In-situ transmission electron microscopy(TEM)has been demonstrated to be a powerful method in resolving challenging problems such as interactions among various defects.To take advantage of the atomic resolution of advanced TEMs,a compact five-degree-of-freedom nanomanipulator was integrated with an indenter that was made of nanotwinned diamonds,for both the in-situ mechanical testing and double tilting of TEM samples.As a demonstration,in-situ bending tests were performed on the?111?,?110?and?100?single-crystal diamond needles.The tests revealed the{111}cleavage to be the dominant failure mode.The in-situ indentation on a diamond nanoplate led to curved cracks consisting of nanometer-scale steps,which were identified to be atomic flat{111}facets.The atomic-scale observation of the deformation and failure of diamonds demonstrated the stability of the entire system and the durability of the indenter.We expect that more delicate research can be carried out by means of this holder in the near future,including in-situ stimulation,atomic characterization,and tomography.展开更多
基金Supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(863 Program)(Nos.2006AA09Z243,2012AA09A405)
文摘A newly developed Deep Ocean Compact Autonomous Raman Spectrometer （DOCARS） system is introduced and used for in-situ detection of acid radical ions in this paper. To evaluate the feasibility and capability of DOCARS for quantitative analysis of the acid radical ions in the deep ocean, extensive investigations have been carried out both in laboratory and sea trials during the development phase. In the laboratory investigations, Raman spectra of the prepared samples （acid radical ions solutions） were obtained, and analyzed using the method of internal standard normalization in data processing. The Raman signal of acid radical ions was normalized by that of water molecules. The calibration curve showed that the normalized Raman signal intensity of SO4^2-, NO3^-, and HCO^-3 increases linearly as the concentration rises with correlation coefficient R^2 of 0.99, 0.99, and 0.98 respectively. The linear function obtained from the calibration curve was then used for the analysis of the spectra ,data acquired in the sea trial under a simulating chemical field in the deep-sea environment. It was found that the detected concentration of NO3 according to the linear function can reflect the concentration changes of NO~ after the sample was released, and the detection accuracy of the DOCARS system for SO^2-_4 is 8%. All the results showed that the DOCARS system has great potential in quantitative detection of acid radical ions under the deep-sea environment, while the sensitivity of the DOCARS system is expected to be improved.
基金Supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(2009CB522901)Key Project of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of ChinaShanghai Municipal Science Foundation(11DZ1973300,11ZR1436700, 10QA1406400)
文摘OBJECTIVE:To analyze the distinctive pathological characteristics in the spectrums of spontaneous infrared radiation at the Taiyuan(LU 9) acupoint in patients with asthma.METHODS:A highly sensitive infrared spectrum detecting device was used to detect the spectrums of spontaneous infrared radiation at Taiyuan(LU 9) in 37 asthma patients and 34 healthy volunteers.RESULTS:Asthma patients had significantly lower infrared intensity than that of the healthy volunteers(P>0.01).Asthma patients had significantly lower overall infrared radiation intensity at the left Taiyuan(LU 9) than that of healthy volunteers(P>0.05),but there was no significant difference between healthy volunteers and asthma patients at the right Taiyuan(LU 9)(P>0.05).The infrared radiation intensity of 17 wavelength spots at the left Taiyuan(LU 9) and 4 wavelength spots at the right Taiyuan(LU 9) in asthma patients were significantly lower than those of healthy volunteers(P>0.05).At 2 μm,the infrared radiation intensity of asthma patients was significantly stronger than that of healthy volunteers(P>0.05).At 19 wavelength spots in the healthy volunteers and at 4 wavelength spots in the asthma patients,the left Taiyuan(LU 9) showed a significantly stronger intensity than that of the right Taiyuan(LU 9)(P>0.05).By Pearson's χ2 test,healthy volunteers had more wavelength spots that were significantly different between the left and right Taiyuan(LU 9) than the asthma patients(P>0.01).CONCLUSION:Changes in the infrared spectrum at the Taiyuan(LU 9) acupoint in asthma patients may reflect distinct pathological changes.Certain acupuncture points may be related to specific organs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11725210,11672355 and 11702165)the National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFA0703400)。
文摘In-situ transmission electron microscopy(TEM)has been demonstrated to be a powerful method in resolving challenging problems such as interactions among various defects.To take advantage of the atomic resolution of advanced TEMs,a compact five-degree-of-freedom nanomanipulator was integrated with an indenter that was made of nanotwinned diamonds,for both the in-situ mechanical testing and double tilting of TEM samples.As a demonstration,in-situ bending tests were performed on the?111?,?110?and?100?single-crystal diamond needles.The tests revealed the{111}cleavage to be the dominant failure mode.The in-situ indentation on a diamond nanoplate led to curved cracks consisting of nanometer-scale steps,which were identified to be atomic flat{111}facets.The atomic-scale observation of the deformation and failure of diamonds demonstrated the stability of the entire system and the durability of the indenter.We expect that more delicate research can be carried out by means of this holder in the near future,including in-situ stimulation,atomic characterization,and tomography.
