This paper describes the experience of Jilin oilfield trials for Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery (MEOR). A new technique to identify microbes with DNA for MEOR has been established, and useful microbes selected f...This paper describes the experience of Jilin oilfield trials for Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery (MEOR). A new technique to identify microbes with DNA for MEOR has been established, and useful microbes selected for use in field trials. Behaviors of bacteria activated in the reservoir, oil recovery and water cut, and the viscosity of crude oil produced through huff & puff testing and flooding with molasses-injection tests, have been investigated in situ. CJF-002, which produces biopolysaccharide, is the best among the microbes used for field trials, as it can use molasses as nutrient and produce a small quantity of CO2 and a mass of water-insoluble biopolymer. The metabolic behavior in the reservoir showed that CJF-002 had a good potentiality for MEOR.展开更多
Tongyu year painting has an important influence on national folk painting field, and the works have stronger culture and art research value, In 60s of 20th Century, Tongyu year painting has entered its prosperous peri...Tongyu year painting has an important influence on national folk painting field, and the works have stronger culture and art research value, In 60s of 20th Century, Tongyu year painting has entered its prosperous period, with many authors, lots of creation amount, large circulation and high winning level has become the major influence reason. Thus, in 1991, Tongyu County was awarded as ＂Chinese modem folk painting village＂ by the Ministry of Culture. Tongyu year painting is to reflect the meaning and connotation of year culture background, which is an important organization part of Jilin western Horqin grassland year culture, which shows the thick black soil land, Kanto feeling hot, the northeast wind rough, forming its own unique artistic style.展开更多
A new species of entomopathogenic nematode （EPN）, Steinernema tbilisiensis sp. n. is described. The species was isolated from soil samples of the deciduous forest located in the Tbilisi area. Morphological and morph...A new species of entomopathogenic nematode （EPN）, Steinernema tbilisiensis sp. n. is described. The species was isolated from soil samples of the deciduous forest located in the Tbilisi area. Morphological and morphometric data as well as phylogenetic analysis show that S. tbilisiensis sp. n. belongs to the group S. affine/intermedium. S. tbilisiensis sp. n. has been attributed to the group S. affine/intermedium on the basis of spicule and gubernaculum structure. The new species differs from other species of S. affine/intermedium group in the following diagnostic characters： the spicule of S. tbilisiensis sp. n. is the smallest and the gubernaculum of S. tbilisiensis sp. n. is shorter than other species of the S. affine/intermedium group. Infective juveniles （IJs） of S. tbilisiensis sp. n. are distinguished by a relatively long body （L = 866 pm）, the position of excretory pore （EP = 72 ram）, the length of the esophagus （ES = 140 ~tm） and the length of the anal body width （ABW = 25μm）. IJs ofS. tbilisiensis sp. n. have four lateral lines like S. beddingi, but the number of lines is six in S. affine, S. sichuanense and S. intermedium. Also the analysis of rDNA （28S and ITS） gene sequences depicts this Steinernema species as a distinct and unique entity. The symbiotic bacteria of S. tbilisiensis sp. n. was isolated and found to be Xenorhabdus bovienii using a multigene approach.展开更多
Arid Central Asia(ACA), with its diverse landscapes of high mountains, oases, and deserts, hosted the central routes of the Silk Roads that linked trade centers from East Asia to the eastern Mediterranean.Ecological p...Arid Central Asia(ACA), with its diverse landscapes of high mountains, oases, and deserts, hosted the central routes of the Silk Roads that linked trade centers from East Asia to the eastern Mediterranean.Ecological pockets and ecoclines in ACA are largely determined by local precipitation. However, little research has gone into the effects of hydroclimatic changes on trans-Eurasian cultural exchange. Here,we reconstruct precipitation changes in ACA, covering the mid-late Holocene with a U-Th dated, ~3 a resolution, multi-proxy time series of replicated stalagmites from the southeastern Fergana Valley,Kyrgyzstan. Our data reveal a 640-a megadrought between 5820 and 5180 a BP, which likely impacted cultural development in ACA and impeded the expansion of cultural traits along oasis routes. Instead,it may have diverted the earliest transcontinental exchange along the Eurasian steppe during the 5 th millennium BP. With gradually increasing precipitation after the megadrought, settlement of peoples in the oases and river valleys may have facilitated the opening of the oasis routes, ‘‘prehistoric Silk Roads", of trans-Eurasian exchange. By the 4 th millennium BP, this process may have reshaped cultures across the two continents, laying the foundation for the organized Silk Roads.展开更多
文摘This paper describes the experience of Jilin oilfield trials for Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery (MEOR). A new technique to identify microbes with DNA for MEOR has been established, and useful microbes selected for use in field trials. Behaviors of bacteria activated in the reservoir, oil recovery and water cut, and the viscosity of crude oil produced through huff & puff testing and flooding with molasses-injection tests, have been investigated in situ. CJF-002, which produces biopolysaccharide, is the best among the microbes used for field trials, as it can use molasses as nutrient and produce a small quantity of CO2 and a mass of water-insoluble biopolymer. The metabolic behavior in the reservoir showed that CJF-002 had a good potentiality for MEOR.
文摘Tongyu year painting has an important influence on national folk painting field, and the works have stronger culture and art research value, In 60s of 20th Century, Tongyu year painting has entered its prosperous period, with many authors, lots of creation amount, large circulation and high winning level has become the major influence reason. Thus, in 1991, Tongyu County was awarded as ＂Chinese modem folk painting village＂ by the Ministry of Culture. Tongyu year painting is to reflect the meaning and connotation of year culture background, which is an important organization part of Jilin western Horqin grassland year culture, which shows the thick black soil land, Kanto feeling hot, the northeast wind rough, forming its own unique artistic style.
文摘A new species of entomopathogenic nematode （EPN）, Steinernema tbilisiensis sp. n. is described. The species was isolated from soil samples of the deciduous forest located in the Tbilisi area. Morphological and morphometric data as well as phylogenetic analysis show that S. tbilisiensis sp. n. belongs to the group S. affine/intermedium. S. tbilisiensis sp. n. has been attributed to the group S. affine/intermedium on the basis of spicule and gubernaculum structure. The new species differs from other species of S. affine/intermedium group in the following diagnostic characters： the spicule of S. tbilisiensis sp. n. is the smallest and the gubernaculum of S. tbilisiensis sp. n. is shorter than other species of the S. affine/intermedium group. Infective juveniles （IJs） of S. tbilisiensis sp. n. are distinguished by a relatively long body （L = 866 pm）, the position of excretory pore （EP = 72 ram）, the length of the esophagus （ES = 140 ~tm） and the length of the anal body width （ABW = 25μm）. IJs ofS. tbilisiensis sp. n. have four lateral lines like S. beddingi, but the number of lines is six in S. affine, S. sichuanense and S. intermedium. Also the analysis of rDNA （28S and ITS） gene sequences depicts this Steinernema species as a distinct and unique entity. The symbiotic bacteria of S. tbilisiensis sp. n. was isolated and found to be Xenorhabdus bovienii using a multigene approach.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2018YFA0606400)he Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDB40000000)+5 种基金the 2nd Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research (2019QZKK0101)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Y201681)partly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41888101)the National Social Science Foundation of China (18ZDA172)the National Science Foundation of United States (NSF 1702816, EAR-0908792, and EAR-1211299)a part of the ‘‘Belt & Road” Project of the Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences (IEECAS)。
文摘Arid Central Asia(ACA), with its diverse landscapes of high mountains, oases, and deserts, hosted the central routes of the Silk Roads that linked trade centers from East Asia to the eastern Mediterranean.Ecological pockets and ecoclines in ACA are largely determined by local precipitation. However, little research has gone into the effects of hydroclimatic changes on trans-Eurasian cultural exchange. Here,we reconstruct precipitation changes in ACA, covering the mid-late Holocene with a U-Th dated, ~3 a resolution, multi-proxy time series of replicated stalagmites from the southeastern Fergana Valley,Kyrgyzstan. Our data reveal a 640-a megadrought between 5820 and 5180 a BP, which likely impacted cultural development in ACA and impeded the expansion of cultural traits along oasis routes. Instead,it may have diverted the earliest transcontinental exchange along the Eurasian steppe during the 5 th millennium BP. With gradually increasing precipitation after the megadrought, settlement of peoples in the oases and river valleys may have facilitated the opening of the oasis routes, ‘‘prehistoric Silk Roads", of trans-Eurasian exchange. By the 4 th millennium BP, this process may have reshaped cultures across the two continents, laying the foundation for the organized Silk Roads.
