As a result of environmental degradation,urban green space has become a key issue for urban sustainable development.This paper takes Liaoyang City in Northeast China as an example to develop green space planning using...As a result of environmental degradation,urban green space has become a key issue for urban sustainable development.This paper takes Liaoyang City in Northeast China as an example to develop green space planning using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model,landscape ecological principles and Geographical Information System (GIS).Based on the influencing factors of topography,building density and orientation,Shou Mountain,Longding Mountain and the Taizi River were selected as the urban ventilation paths to promote wind and oxygen circulation.Oxygen concentration around the green spaces gradually decreased with wind speed increase and wind direction change.There were obvious negative correlation relationships between the oxygen dispersion concentration and urban layout factors such as the building plot ratio and building density.Comparison with the field measurements found that there was significant correlation relationship between simulated oxygen concentration and field measurements (R 2=0.6415,p<0.001),moreover,simulation precision was higher than 92%,which indicated CFD model was effective for urban oxygen concentration simulation.Only less than 10% areas in Liaoyang City proper needed more green space urgently to improve oxygen concentration,mainly concentrated in Baitai and west Wensheng districts.Based on land-scape ecology principle,green space planning at different spatial scales were proposed to create a green space network system for Liaoyang City,including features such as green wedges,green belts and parks.Totally,about 2012 ha of green space need to be constructed as oxygen sources and ventilation paths.Compared with the current green space pattern,proposed green space planning could improve oxygen concentration obviously.The CFD model and research results in this paper could provide an effective way and theory support for sustainable development of urban green space.展开更多
Design increasingly plays a pivotal role in achieving justice for all.However,there are often gaps between visions and implementation due to the variety of factors and stakeholders involved in design practice.Through ...Design increasingly plays a pivotal role in achieving justice for all.However,there are often gaps between visions and implementation due to the variety of factors and stakeholders involved in design practice.Through literature review and a keyword co-occurrence analysis,this paper investigates current landscape justice research and identifies the distinguishing concerns in design,and highlights the importance of systematic thinking in achieving landscape justice.By examining the practices of the British company Building Design Partnership(BDP),a multinational design company,this paper identifies BDP’s three key design principles as experiences can be followed for landscape justice:design for inclusion,design for resilience,and design for future ecosystems.The paper also addresses potential challenges and conflicts in implementing landscape justice across different contexts and highlights multinational design companies’efforts to mediate between various stakeholders.Finally,this paper demonstrates that design companies can contribute to 1)bridging social and environmental justice through landscape design,2)achieving the visions promoted by scholars,3)identifying and deploying diverse approaches to achieving landscape justice with their sensitivity to practical problems,and 4)fostering integrated feedback loops via both top-down and bottom-up approaches to ensure effective implementation of landscape justice.展开更多
基金Under the auspices of National Key Technology Research and Development Program of China (No.2008BAJ10B01-01)National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.40801069)
文摘As a result of environmental degradation,urban green space has become a key issue for urban sustainable development.This paper takes Liaoyang City in Northeast China as an example to develop green space planning using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model,landscape ecological principles and Geographical Information System (GIS).Based on the influencing factors of topography,building density and orientation,Shou Mountain,Longding Mountain and the Taizi River were selected as the urban ventilation paths to promote wind and oxygen circulation.Oxygen concentration around the green spaces gradually decreased with wind speed increase and wind direction change.There were obvious negative correlation relationships between the oxygen dispersion concentration and urban layout factors such as the building plot ratio and building density.Comparison with the field measurements found that there was significant correlation relationship between simulated oxygen concentration and field measurements (R 2=0.6415,p<0.001),moreover,simulation precision was higher than 92%,which indicated CFD model was effective for urban oxygen concentration simulation.Only less than 10% areas in Liaoyang City proper needed more green space urgently to improve oxygen concentration,mainly concentrated in Baitai and west Wensheng districts.Based on land-scape ecology principle,green space planning at different spatial scales were proposed to create a green space network system for Liaoyang City,including features such as green wedges,green belts and parks.Totally,about 2012 ha of green space need to be constructed as oxygen sources and ventilation paths.Compared with the current green space pattern,proposed green space planning could improve oxygen concentration obviously.The CFD model and research results in this paper could provide an effective way and theory support for sustainable development of urban green space.
文摘Design increasingly plays a pivotal role in achieving justice for all.However,there are often gaps between visions and implementation due to the variety of factors and stakeholders involved in design practice.Through literature review and a keyword co-occurrence analysis,this paper investigates current landscape justice research and identifies the distinguishing concerns in design,and highlights the importance of systematic thinking in achieving landscape justice.By examining the practices of the British company Building Design Partnership(BDP),a multinational design company,this paper identifies BDP’s three key design principles as experiences can be followed for landscape justice:design for inclusion,design for resilience,and design for future ecosystems.The paper also addresses potential challenges and conflicts in implementing landscape justice across different contexts and highlights multinational design companies’efforts to mediate between various stakeholders.Finally,this paper demonstrates that design companies can contribute to 1)bridging social and environmental justice through landscape design,2)achieving the visions promoted by scholars,3)identifying and deploying diverse approaches to achieving landscape justice with their sensitivity to practical problems,and 4)fostering integrated feedback loops via both top-down and bottom-up approaches to ensure effective implementation of landscape justice.
