Detection of waterborne pathogens in drinking water via rapid DNA amplification assays is an important and crucial public health method. The aim of this study is to investigate the presence of waterborne pathogens in ...Detection of waterborne pathogens in drinking water via rapid DNA amplification assays is an important and crucial public health method. The aim of this study is to investigate the presence of waterborne pathogens in groundwater resources in Al Arroub, Tulkarem and Jericho areas using direct PCR （polymerase chain reaction） analysis. Forty-six groundwater samples were collected. The total DNA was extracted from each sample and subjected to PCR analysis directed to specific genes of enteric bacteria, β-lactamases producing bacteria, L. pneumophila （Legionella pneumophila） and H. pylori （Helicobacter pylori）. Enteric bacteria were detected with high frequency in Palestinian water sources followed by 13% occurrence of β-lactamases producing bacteria, 9% of H. pylori and 4% of L. pneumophila. The study shows that shallow groundwater wells and water taped from karstic aquifer is potential for contamination and could not be reliable sources of potable water.展开更多
Two-dimensional/two-dimensional(2D/2D)hybrid nanomaterials have triggered extensive research in the photocatalytic field.The construction of emerging 2D/2D heterostructures can generate many intriguing advantages in e...Two-dimensional/two-dimensional(2D/2D)hybrid nanomaterials have triggered extensive research in the photocatalytic field.The construction of emerging 2D/2D heterostructures can generate many intriguing advantages in exploring high-performance photocatalysts,mainly including preferable dimensionality design allowing large contact interface area,integrated merits of each 2D component and rapid charge separation by the heterojunction effect.Herein,we provide a comprehensive review of the recent progress on the fundamental aspects,general synthesis strategies(in situ growth and ex situ assembly)of 2D/2D heterostructured photocatalysts and highlight their applications in the fields of hydrogen evolution,CO2 reduction and removal of pollutants.Furthermore,the perspectives on the remaining challenges and future opportunities regarding the development of 2D/2D heterostructure photocatalysts are also presented.展开更多
The efficiencies of free and immobilized bacterial cultures of petroleum hydrocarbon degraders were evaluated and compared in this study. Hydrocarbon-degrading microbial communities with high tolerance to and high deg...The efficiencies of free and immobilized bacterial cultures of petroleum hydrocarbon degraders were evaluated and compared in this study. Hydrocarbon-degrading microbial communities with high tolerance to and high degrading ability of crude oil were obtained from the soil contaminated with crude oil in the Yellow River Delta. Then, the microbial cells were immobilized in sodium alginate （SA） beads and sodium Mginate-diatomite （SAD） beads. The biodegradation of crude oil in soil by immobilized cells was compared with that by free cells at three inoculation concentrations, 1× 104 colony forming units （cfu） kg-^（-1）（low concentration, L）, 5 × 104 cfu kg^（-1） （medium concentration, M）, and 1× 105 cfu kg^（-1） （high concentration, H）. At 20 d after inoculation, the maximum degradation rate in the immobilized systems reached 29.8% （SAD-M）, significantly higher （P 〈 0.05） than that of the free cells （21.1%）, and the SAD beads showed greater degradation than the SA beads. Moreover, both microbial populations and total microbial activity reached significantly higher level （P 〈 0.05） in the immobilized systems than free cell systems at a same initial inoculation amount. The scanning electronic microscope （SEM） images also confirmed the advantages of the immobilized microstructure of SAD beads. The enhanced degradation and bacterial growth in the SAD beads indicated the high potential of SAD beads as an effective option for bioremediation of crude oil-contaminated soils in the Yellow River Delta.展开更多
文摘Detection of waterborne pathogens in drinking water via rapid DNA amplification assays is an important and crucial public health method. The aim of this study is to investigate the presence of waterborne pathogens in groundwater resources in Al Arroub, Tulkarem and Jericho areas using direct PCR （polymerase chain reaction） analysis. Forty-six groundwater samples were collected. The total DNA was extracted from each sample and subjected to PCR analysis directed to specific genes of enteric bacteria, β-lactamases producing bacteria, L. pneumophila （Legionella pneumophila） and H. pylori （Helicobacter pylori）. Enteric bacteria were detected with high frequency in Palestinian water sources followed by 13% occurrence of β-lactamases producing bacteria, 9% of H. pylori and 4% of L. pneumophila. The study shows that shallow groundwater wells and water taped from karstic aquifer is potential for contamination and could not be reliable sources of potable water.
基金financially supported by the Australia Research Council(ARC DP 180102062)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51602163)。
文摘Two-dimensional/two-dimensional(2D/2D)hybrid nanomaterials have triggered extensive research in the photocatalytic field.The construction of emerging 2D/2D heterostructures can generate many intriguing advantages in exploring high-performance photocatalysts,mainly including preferable dimensionality design allowing large contact interface area,integrated merits of each 2D component and rapid charge separation by the heterojunction effect.Herein,we provide a comprehensive review of the recent progress on the fundamental aspects,general synthesis strategies(in situ growth and ex situ assembly)of 2D/2D heterostructured photocatalysts and highlight their applications in the fields of hydrogen evolution,CO2 reduction and removal of pollutants.Furthermore,the perspectives on the remaining challenges and future opportunities regarding the development of 2D/2D heterostructure photocatalysts are also presented.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.41073067)the Key Program of the Ministry of Education,China (No.308016)the National Major Special Technological Programme Concerning Water Pollution Control and Management of China (No.2009ZX07010-008)
文摘The efficiencies of free and immobilized bacterial cultures of petroleum hydrocarbon degraders were evaluated and compared in this study. Hydrocarbon-degrading microbial communities with high tolerance to and high degrading ability of crude oil were obtained from the soil contaminated with crude oil in the Yellow River Delta. Then, the microbial cells were immobilized in sodium alginate （SA） beads and sodium Mginate-diatomite （SAD） beads. The biodegradation of crude oil in soil by immobilized cells was compared with that by free cells at three inoculation concentrations, 1× 104 colony forming units （cfu） kg-^（-1）（low concentration, L）, 5 × 104 cfu kg^（-1） （medium concentration, M）, and 1× 105 cfu kg^（-1） （high concentration, H）. At 20 d after inoculation, the maximum degradation rate in the immobilized systems reached 29.8% （SAD-M）, significantly higher （P 〈 0.05） than that of the free cells （21.1%）, and the SAD beads showed greater degradation than the SA beads. Moreover, both microbial populations and total microbial activity reached significantly higher level （P 〈 0.05） in the immobilized systems than free cell systems at a same initial inoculation amount. The scanning electronic microscope （SEM） images also confirmed the advantages of the immobilized microstructure of SAD beads. The enhanced degradation and bacterial growth in the SAD beads indicated the high potential of SAD beads as an effective option for bioremediation of crude oil-contaminated soils in the Yellow River Delta.
