受测试环境影响,隧道爆破监测信号中普遍包含噪声和趋势项干扰。针对爆破信号干扰项消除难题,选取典型地铁隧道工程监测到的畸变爆破信号为分析对象,采用稀疏化基线估计与去噪(baseline estimation and denoising with sparsity,BEADS)...受测试环境影响,隧道爆破监测信号中普遍包含噪声和趋势项干扰。针对爆破信号干扰项消除难题,选取典型地铁隧道工程监测到的畸变爆破信号为分析对象,采用稀疏化基线估计与去噪(baseline estimation and denoising with sparsity,BEADS)算法实现了噪声和趋势项成分的提取,得到反映真实爆破信息的校正信号。利用多重分形去趋势波动分析(multi-fractal detrended fluctuation analyses,MF-DFA)捕捉到三个分量信号的混沌分形特征,并根据小波相关性凝聚谱对三个分量信号与原始信号的时频域相关性进行了精确表征。结果表明:隧道爆破信号高频噪声、低频趋势项和校正信号三者的混沌分形特征具有显著差异。校正信号吸引子轨迹形态为反复周期性有序波动且具有持续性和反持续性分形谱特征,其递归图具有周期模式;低频趋势项吸引子形态表现为近似直线且具有持续性分形谱特征,其递归图具有对角线分布突变模式;高频噪声吸引子形态为杂乱无章的随机波动且具有反持续性分形谱特征,其递归图具有漂移模式。在置信度为95%的小波影响锥范围内,校正信号、趋势项和噪声分量与原始信号分别具有持续正相关、局部负相关和无相关性特征。三类信号的有效分离和混沌分形特征提取为爆破信号成分的准确辨识和归类提供了客观表征和量化指标。展开更多
We evaluated 2011-2015 mobile relative gravity data from the Hexi monitoring network that covers the epicenter of the 2016 Menyuan Ms6.4 earthquake, Qinghai Province, China and examined the spatiotemporal characterist...We evaluated 2011-2015 mobile relative gravity data from the Hexi monitoring network that covers the epicenter of the 2016 Menyuan Ms6.4 earthquake, Qinghai Province, China and examined the spatiotemporal characteristics of the gravity field at the focal depth. In addition, we assessed the regional gravity field and its variation the half-year before the earthquake. We use first different interpolation algorithms to build a grid for the gravity data and then introduce potential field interpolation-cutting separation techniques and adaptive noise filtering. The results suggest that the gravity filed at the focal depth of 11.12 km separated from the total gravity field at about -400-150 ×10^-8 m/s^2 in the second half of 2015, which is larger than that in the same period in 2011 to 2014 （±30×10^-8 m/s^2）. Moreover, at the same time, the gravity field changed fast from September 2014 to May 2015 and May 2015 to September 2015, reflecting to some extent material migration deep in the crust before the Menyuan earthquake.展开更多
Attenuation of noise is a persistent problem in seismic exploration. The authors use conventional denoising method to remove noise which may cause vibration near the discontinuity called pseudo-Gibbs artifact.In order...Attenuation of noise is a persistent problem in seismic exploration. The authors use conventional denoising method to remove noise which may cause vibration near the discontinuity called pseudo-Gibbs artifact.In order to remove the artifact,the study proposed a method combining the seislet transform and total variation minimization. Firstly,the data are converted into the seislet transform domain. Secondly,the hard threshold was used for eliminating the noise and keep useful signal,which is the initial input for the next step. Finally,total variation minimization dealed with denoised data to recover boundary information and further eliminated the noise. Synthetic data examples show that the method has feasibility in eliminating random noise and protecting detailed signal,and also shows better results than the classic f-x deconvolution. The field data example also shows effective in practice. It can remove the noise and preserve the discontinuity signal at the same time.展开更多
为了尽可能精确地分割出强度不均匀图像更多的细节部分,提出一种融合深度图像先验的变分图像分割模型,利用交替方向乘子法设计相应的数值求解算法。实验结果表明,提出的模型在去噪正则化(regularization by denoising,RED)框架下融合了T...为了尽可能精确地分割出强度不均匀图像更多的细节部分,提出一种融合深度图像先验的变分图像分割模型,利用交替方向乘子法设计相应的数值求解算法。实验结果表明,提出的模型在去噪正则化(regularization by denoising,RED)框架下融合了TV正则项捕获边缘和卷积神经网络(convolutional neural network,CNN)捕获细节的优势,尤其在处理结构丰富和纹理细致的图像时,可以分割出更多的细节,分割结果更精确。同时,提出的方法对于不同的初始轮廓具有很好的鲁棒性。此外,与对比实验中处理非均匀图像分割的方法相比,该模型算法复杂度低,具有快速高效的优势。展开更多
Cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) plays an important role in determining the structure of proteins, viruses, and even the whole cell. It can capture dynamic structural changes of large protein complexes, which other ...Cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) plays an important role in determining the structure of proteins, viruses, and even the whole cell. It can capture dynamic structural changes of large protein complexes, which other methods such as X-ray crystallography and nuclear magnetic resonance analysis find difficult. The signal-to-noise ratio of cryo-EM images is low and the contrast is very weak, and therefore, the images are very noisy and require filtering. In this paper, a filtering method based on non-local means and Zernike moments is proposed. The method takes into account the rotational symmetry of some biological molecules to enhance the signal-to-noise ratio of cryo-EM images. The method may be useful in cryo-EM image processing such as the automatic selection of particles, orientation determination, and the building of initial models.展开更多
Quantum degenerate code may improve the hashing bound of quantum capacity. We propose a family of quantum degenerate codes derived from two-colorable graphs. The coherent information of the codes is analyticaJly obtai...Quantum degenerate code may improve the hashing bound of quantum capacity. We propose a family of quantum degenerate codes derived from two-colorable graphs. The coherent information of the codes is analyticaJly obtained as a function of the channd noise for the depolarizing channel. We find a new code which has a higher noise threshold than that of the repetition code.展开更多
文摘受测试环境影响,隧道爆破监测信号中普遍包含噪声和趋势项干扰。针对爆破信号干扰项消除难题,选取典型地铁隧道工程监测到的畸变爆破信号为分析对象,采用稀疏化基线估计与去噪(baseline estimation and denoising with sparsity,BEADS)算法实现了噪声和趋势项成分的提取,得到反映真实爆破信息的校正信号。利用多重分形去趋势波动分析(multi-fractal detrended fluctuation analyses,MF-DFA)捕捉到三个分量信号的混沌分形特征,并根据小波相关性凝聚谱对三个分量信号与原始信号的时频域相关性进行了精确表征。结果表明:隧道爆破信号高频噪声、低频趋势项和校正信号三者的混沌分形特征具有显著差异。校正信号吸引子轨迹形态为反复周期性有序波动且具有持续性和反持续性分形谱特征,其递归图具有周期模式;低频趋势项吸引子形态表现为近似直线且具有持续性分形谱特征,其递归图具有对角线分布突变模式;高频噪声吸引子形态为杂乱无章的随机波动且具有反持续性分形谱特征,其递归图具有漂移模式。在置信度为95%的小波影响锥范围内,校正信号、趋势项和噪声分量与原始信号分别具有持续正相关、局部负相关和无相关性特征。三类信号的有效分离和混沌分形特征提取为爆破信号成分的准确辨识和归类提供了客观表征和量化指标。
基金supported by the Science for Earthquake Resilience(No.XH17058Y)Science and Technology Innovation Fund of the First Crust Monitoring and Application Center,CEA(No.FMC2016004)Special Program for Basic Work of the Ministry of Science and Technology,China(No.2015FY210403)
文摘We evaluated 2011-2015 mobile relative gravity data from the Hexi monitoring network that covers the epicenter of the 2016 Menyuan Ms6.4 earthquake, Qinghai Province, China and examined the spatiotemporal characteristics of the gravity field at the focal depth. In addition, we assessed the regional gravity field and its variation the half-year before the earthquake. We use first different interpolation algorithms to build a grid for the gravity data and then introduce potential field interpolation-cutting separation techniques and adaptive noise filtering. The results suggest that the gravity filed at the focal depth of 11.12 km separated from the total gravity field at about -400-150 ×10^-8 m/s^2 in the second half of 2015, which is larger than that in the same period in 2011 to 2014 （±30×10^-8 m/s^2）. Moreover, at the same time, the gravity field changed fast from September 2014 to May 2015 and May 2015 to September 2015, reflecting to some extent material migration deep in the crust before the Menyuan earthquake.
文摘Attenuation of noise is a persistent problem in seismic exploration. The authors use conventional denoising method to remove noise which may cause vibration near the discontinuity called pseudo-Gibbs artifact.In order to remove the artifact,the study proposed a method combining the seislet transform and total variation minimization. Firstly,the data are converted into the seislet transform domain. Secondly,the hard threshold was used for eliminating the noise and keep useful signal,which is the initial input for the next step. Finally,total variation minimization dealed with denoised data to recover boundary information and further eliminated the noise. Synthetic data examples show that the method has feasibility in eliminating random noise and protecting detailed signal,and also shows better results than the classic f-x deconvolution. The field data example also shows effective in practice. It can remove the noise and preserve the discontinuity signal at the same time.
文摘为了尽可能精确地分割出强度不均匀图像更多的细节部分,提出一种融合深度图像先验的变分图像分割模型,利用交替方向乘子法设计相应的数值求解算法。实验结果表明,提出的模型在去噪正则化(regularization by denoising,RED)框架下融合了TV正则项捕获边缘和卷积神经网络(convolutional neural network,CNN)捕获细节的优势,尤其在处理结构丰富和纹理细致的图像时,可以分割出更多的细节,分割结果更精确。同时,提出的方法对于不同的初始轮廓具有很好的鲁棒性。此外,与对比实验中处理非均匀图像分割的方法相比,该模型算法复杂度低,具有快速高效的优势。
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (2010CB912400)
文摘Cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) plays an important role in determining the structure of proteins, viruses, and even the whole cell. It can capture dynamic structural changes of large protein complexes, which other methods such as X-ray crystallography and nuclear magnetic resonance analysis find difficult. The signal-to-noise ratio of cryo-EM images is low and the contrast is very weak, and therefore, the images are very noisy and require filtering. In this paper, a filtering method based on non-local means and Zernike moments is proposed. The method takes into account the rotational symmetry of some biological molecules to enhance the signal-to-noise ratio of cryo-EM images. The method may be useful in cryo-EM image processing such as the automatic selection of particles, orientation determination, and the building of initial models.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.60972071 and 11375152
文摘Quantum degenerate code may improve the hashing bound of quantum capacity. We propose a family of quantum degenerate codes derived from two-colorable graphs. The coherent information of the codes is analyticaJly obtained as a function of the channd noise for the depolarizing channel. We find a new code which has a higher noise threshold than that of the repetition code.
