超声波在棉织物染整水洗中的应用探讨

在超声波作用下对油污织物、带碱织物以及直接染料染色织物进行水洗处理,采用不同的水洗温度、水洗时间和净洗剂,探讨这些因素对污物和印染织物洗涤效果的影响,并与常规水洗方法的效果进行对比。结果表明:采用超声波可以明显缩短水洗时间,提高水洗效率。超声波水洗去油污的合适工艺是温度50℃,时间60 s。去浮色时超声波1道水洗可以达到常规2～3道水洗的效果,不影响色光与表观深度,并且对未固色的染色织物牢度有一定提高。超声波水洗去碱,节约了用水量,同时也降低了废水的排放,利于环境保护。

黔西南富钪红土风化剖面的地球化学特征

本文对黔西南晴隆沙子矿区富钪红土风化剖面的地球化学特征进行了研究。结果表明:1)常量元素数据分析显示,沙子剖面均经历了强烈的脱硅去碱和富铁铝钛的作用,镁和钙变化特征指示沙子剖面含较少的蒙脱石,形成于风化的晚期阶段,CIA指数亦表明,沙子剖面经历了强烈的风化作用;2)沙子剖面的稀土元素具有明显的正δCe异常,表明沙子剖面形成于强氧化环境,母岩中钪的含量以及风化程度控制了风化壳中钪的含量,沙子剖面中的Sc在风化壳中相对母岩富集,以红土层富集最明显,沙子剖面富集程度为母岩的1.26~1.96倍;3)不同次生矿物对钪和稀土吸附能力的差别,导致了钪和稀土元素在风化剖面中的富集层位不同。本文通过对沙子剖面钪矿床的形成过程研究,将为建立基性-超基性岩中红土型钪矿的成矿理论提供依据。

制作叶脉标本

用叶片制作的叶脉标本,是一种很好的教具,能拓宽学生的知识面,帮助学生加深对各种叶型的直观了解,了解各种形态叶片的叶脉生长分布情况。 制作叶脉,对叶片要进行适当的选择,一般情况下应选择处于生长旺盛且完好无损的叶。叶片过老则叶肉已硬化,不易腐蚀;过嫩的叶叶肉虽容易腐蚀,但叶脉硬化程度不高,腐蚀中易破坏,故老叶和嫩叶一般不宜采用。叶片的质地不同,制作方法也有差别。

Analysis on Reflectance Spectral Characteristics of Typical Saline Soil in Arid Area

The spectral characteristic of geography objects is not only the important content of remote sensing mechanism, but also the important basis for remote sensing application. The reflectance spectral characteristics reflect the physiochemi-cal properties of saline soil. With 3 kinds of typical saline soils in the arid area as the study objects, the reflectance spectrums of soils with different salt contents and soil moistures were measured, and the spectral characteristics of the spectrums were analyzed. The results showed that under dry condition, the reflectance of the three kinds of saline soils presented obvious high-low patterns, while under damp condition, there was no obvious pattern. With continuum removed ,the three kinds of saline soils showed significant difference in reflectance spectral characteristics. There was significant difference in the absorption depth of the two absorption val eys un-der dry and damp conditions, which could be used to identify these 3 saline soils. The result of this research can be used for the parametric inversion and classifica-tion of saline soil retrieval and classification, as wel as for the remote sensing monitoring on saline soil.

Efficient adsorption removal and adsorption mechanism of basic fuchsin by recyclable Fe_(3)O_(4)@CD magnetic microspheres

Excessive discharge of dye wastewater has brought serious harm to human health and the environment.In this paper,a magnetic absorbent,ferroferric oxide@β-cyclodextrin(Fe_(3)O_(4)@CD),was prepared for the efficient adsorption removal of basic fuchsin(BF)from dye wastewater,based on the special amphiphilicity ofβ-CD and the strong magnetism of Fe_(3)O_(4).A series of influence factors including the initial dye concentration,adsorbent dosage,temperature and pH were investigated,as well as the adsorption mechanism.The results show that Fe_(3)O_(4)@CD has the best adsorption and removal effect on BF dye at room temperature and neutral pH,when the initial concentration of dye is 25 mg/L and the adsorbent dosage is 100 mg.The adsorption behavior conforms to the pseudo-second-order kinetics and the Langmuir adsorption isotherm,and the adsorption process is spontaneously endothermic.Fe_(3)O_(4)@CD adsorbed with BF dye can be rapidly separated under an external magnetic field and then easily regenerated by HCl treatment.After 5 times of recycling,the removal rate of the prepared magnetic composite on BF dye is kept above 75%.This work will provide an economic and eco-friendly technology for the treatment of the actual dye wastewater.

Hige namine as a Potential Pharmacologic Stress Age nt in the Detection of Coro nary Artery Disease

Myocardial perfusion imaging(MPI) is valuable for the diagnosis,prognosis,and management of coronary artery disease(CAD).The most commonly used pharmacologic stress agents at present are vasodilators and adrenergic agents.However,these agents have contraindications and may cause adverse effects in some patients.Thus,other stress agents feasible for more patients are required.Higenamine(HG) is a β-adrenergic receptor agonist currently approved for clinical trials as a stress agent for myocardial infarction.It also has a promising value in MPI for the detection of CAD in preclinical and clinical studies.This review summarizes the application of HG on MPI,including its mechanism of action,stress protocol,efficacy,and safety.

Research on Hydrolysis and Saccharification of Corn Stover

In this paper three methods(dilute acid pretreatment, aqueous ammonia/dilute acid pretreatment and alkaline pretreatment) were used to study the hydrolysis of corn stover and characteristics of each method were compared. The results showed that the lignin removal rate was 71.8% when the corn stover was treated with a caustic soda solution containing 1.5% of NaOH, at a temperature of 75 ℃ for 90 min with an initial solid-liquid ratio of 1:8(w/v). Hydrolysis yield of the NaOH pretreated sample reached 78.5%, which was much higher than other control groups. These results are useful for evaluation of pretreatment technologies, and identification of key factors that limit cellulose hydrolysis, and can also serve as a basis for designing and screening appropriate pretreatment technologies.

Molecular modeling of alkaloids bouchardatine and orirenierine binding to sirtuin-1(SIRT1)

Objective Bouchardatine(1)is a β-indoloquinazoline alkaloid isolated from the plant Bouchardatia neurococca,acting as a modulator of adipogenesis and lipogenesis,and as an anticancer agent.The natural product functions as an activator of proteins adenosine 5’-monophosphate(AMP)-activated protein kinase(AMPK)and sirtuin 1(SIRT1).We used molecular modeling to investigate the SIRT1-binding capacity of compound 1 and various structural analogues,such as orirenierine A(2)and orirenierine B(3)isolated from the medicinal plant Oricia renieri.Methods We investigated the binding to human SIRT1(hSIRT1)of 25 natural products including theβ-indoloquinazoline alkaloids 1−3 and analogues,in comparison with the reference product sirtinol(R and S isomers).A sirtinol binding model was elaborated starting from the closed and open state conformations of the catalytic domain of hSIRT1(PDB structures 4KXQ and 4IG9).For each compound bound to SIRT1,the empirical energy of interaction(ΔE)was calculated and compared to that of sirtinol.Results In our model,compound 1 was found to bind modestly to the sirtinol site of SIRT1.In contrast,the presence of a phenolic OH group at position 7 on the quinazolinone moiety conferred a much higher binding capacity.Compound 2 provided SIRT1 protein complexes as stable as those observed with sirtinol.The replacement of the hydroxy substituent(2)with a methoxy group(3)reduced the SIRT1 binding capacity.Other SIRT1-binding natural products were identified,such as the alkaloids orisuaveolines A and B.Structure-binding relationships were discussed.Conclusion The study underlines the capacity of β-indoloquinazoline alkaloids to interact with SIRT1.This deacetylase enzyme could represent a molecular target for the alkaloid 2.This compound merits further attention for the design of drugs active against SIRT1-dependent pathologies.

易切削303不锈钢的镀金工艺

提出了一种易切削303不锈钢电镀金工艺,其流程主要包括化学除油、电化学除油、去碱膜、活化、预镀镍、镀亮镍和镀金。介绍了各工序的配方、工艺条件和注意事项。除油后的去碱膜工序能很好地解决303不锈钢易钝化、难电镀的问题,所得镀层均匀一致,结合力良好。该工艺拓宽了易切削303不锈钢的应用范围。

Simultaneous quantification of evodiamine,rutaecarpine,and dehydroevodiamine in rat cerebrospinal fluid and cerebral nuclei after oral administration by UPLC-MS/MS

Evodiamine,rutaecarpine,and dehydroevodiamine have been demonstrated as the major alkaloids in the fruits of Euodia rutaecarpa,a well-known traditional Chinese medicine with central nervous system activities.To study their cerebrospinal fluid pharmacokinetics and cerebral nuclei distribution,the alkaloids were mixed at the weight ratio of 1:1:1 and orally administered via gavage to the rats at each dose of 15 mg/kg.A quick and reliable ultra-performance liquid chromatographic-tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and applied for the simultaneous analysis of the alkaloids in rat cerebrospinal fluid and cerebral nuclei collected at different time points.Non-compartmental pharmacokinetic profiles were calculated,and the distribution in cerebral nuclei was compared.All the tested compounds were absorbed into rat cerebrospinal fluid and distributed to the brain nuclei quickly.Their distribution in different nuclei varied,as evodiamine mainly in cerebellum and brainstem,rutaecarpine with its maximum in the brainstem,and dehydroevodiamine mostly in the cerebellum and hippocampus.They were eliminated from the brain rapidly without long-time accumulation.In summary,this study revealed the targeting discrepancy of evodiamine,rutaecarpine,and dehydroevodiamine in the brain,and highlighted the possibility for drug candidates in the encephalopathy treatment of the fruits of E.rutaecarpa.

Preparation, characterization and evaluation of liposomal doxorubicin and harmine that show synergistic activity in vitro

A combinatory therapeutic system that simultaneously targets several independent pathways is preferred for the treatment of cancer. In our study, a combinatory liposomal delivery system containing doxorubicin （Dox） and harmine （HM） was constructed by thin film dispersing method together with pH gradient method. A simple, precise and accurate spectrophotometric method for the determination of Dox and HM in liposomal formulation was established and validated. A drug HSPC ratio of 1： 20, loading time of 30 min and loading temperature of 50 ~C were the optimal conditions for the preparation of drug loaded liposomes, which exhibited excellent physicochemical properties such as average particle size of-100 nm, low polydispersity index below 0.2 and high entrapment efficiency above 93%. Sustained release of drug from liposomes at pH 7.4 showed good biological safety. The synergetic cytotoxic effect for these two drugs was evaluated in MCF-7 ceils. The in vitro antitumor studies demonstrated the superior anti-proliferation activity of the liposomal Dox and HM with a combination index of 0.81, which indicated great synergistic effect and increased anti-proliferation efficiency. The experimental data suggested that combinational liposome therapy could be an effective way to develop efficient treatment of cancers.