情事互文:汉魏辞赋与小说的参体同构

汉魏赋家与小说家皆长于观采“情事”,在文本创作层面形成互文。假托问答有助于“凭虚构象”和叙事的展开,而“曲终奏雅”有功于劝世道情,这是汉魏赋体与小说共通的结构方式。赋作在经典主题和故事安排,以及志人志怪的情节设置上,开启魏晋小说的法门。又,赋文本保存小说事典、小说文本保存赋文和赋学本事,二者“参体同构”,以虚构、夸饰繁荣中国早期的文学文本,对中国叙事文学“情事”的建构具有范式意义。

参体与昭体:六朝赋体流别思路新论

六朝论家在区别赋与其他文体的同时,也认识到它们在语言形式和表现手法上的相似之处,因而在制定各体艺术范式的过程中,亦肯定彼此之间的相参互渗,是一种颇为辩证的分体思路,其背后蕴藏着“参体”与“昭体”的理念。与基于赋体成熟后的有意“破体”以另立新格不同,“参体”的创作实践伴随赋体发展始终,虽掺入其他文体质素更新了赋的风貌,但原生文体的固有属性并未因此发生改变。针对因趋新求奇造成的谬、讹之体,批评家们以“昭体”进行矫正,通过归纳经典中的修辞技法来彰明赋体的艺术形相,与“辨体”对赋体形制的限定相径庭。“参体”与“昭体”可为六朝分体实践提供一个新的理论解说,从而更加全面地勘察古代文体的批评进路。

LC-MS-MS法测定参体和参须中人参皂苷Rb_1,Rb_2和Rc含量

目的:建立检测参体和参须中人参皂苷Rb1,Rb2和Rc的LC-MS-MS方法。方法:应用液质联用,C18色谱柱系统,采用梯度洗脱方法,A-水(0.05%FA),B-乙腈,A-B=65∶35,梯度洗脱(0～3 min,65%B;3～4 min,100%B),流速0.35mL.min-1,柱温40℃,建立了参体和参须中人参皂苷Rb1,Rb2和Rc含量测定方法并进行了方法学考察。结果:建立了同时检测参体和参须中人参皂苷Rb1,Rb2和Rc含量测定方法。结论:该方法准确、简便、快速,可用于参体和参须的质量控制。

泡沙参复合体(桔梗科)的物种生物学研究Ⅳ.等位酶水平的变异和分化

利用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术，对采自泡沙参复合体整个分布区的１５个天然居群进行了等位酶分析。７种酶系统共１０个等位酶基因位点的检测表明，本复合体植物具有高水平的遗传变异性，居群水平上的遗传多样性指标分别为：多态位点百分率Ｐ＝０４０～０７０，等位基因平均数Ａ＝１．５～２．５，平均期望杂合度Ｈｅ＝０．１０２～０．２９１。３个类群在居群水平上的平均多样性水平由高至低依次为：Ａ．ｗａｗｒｅａｎａ（Ａ＝２．１０，Ｐ＝０６３，Ｈｅ＝０．２３７），Ａ．ｌｏｂｏｐｈｙｌａ（Ａ＝１．８５，Ｐ＝０６０，Ｈｅ＝０．２０４）和Ａ．ｐｏｔａｎｉｎｉ（Ａ＝１．８３，Ｐ＝０６０，Ｈｅ＝０．１８８）。居群遗传结构和交配系统的分析表明，本复合体植物的大部分遗传变异存在于居群之内，ＦＳＴ＝０．１７６（Ａ．ｗａｗｒｅａｎａ）和０．１１５（Ａ．ｐｏｔａｎｉｎｉ），并以异交为主，异交率估计值分别为ｔ＝０．８６（Ａ．ｗａｗｒｅａｎａ），０．７４（Ａ．ｐｏｔａｎｉｎｉ）和０．６３（Ａ．ｌｏｂｏｐｈｙｌａ），这是本复合体植物具有丰富遗传变异的主要原因之一。根据１５个居群的遗传一致度（Ｉ）值进行聚类分析发现，１５个居群可分为明显的２支，由Ａ．ｌｏｂ?

刘勰的文体论

刘勰在前代批评家和选家们研究文体问题之成果的基础上大大向前推进了一步:他对当时几乎全部文体进行了发展简史、基本规范、名家名篇以及理论说明等四个方面的探讨,写出了二十篇分论;然后又在《定势》等篇中对文体与风格的关系、文体的稳定性与变异性等理论问题作出了更深入的研究,至今还能给我们许多有益的启示。

Comparative Analysis on Growth and Morphology in Yangtze River ♀,Zhujiang River ♂ and Their F_1 Hybrids of Juvenile Grass Carp

[ Objective] The aim of this study was to investigate the growth and morphological characteristics of juvenile hybrids of grass carp. [Method] Three inbred generations of YR （Yangtze River stock ♀×Yangtze River stock ♂ ）, ZR （Zhujiang River stock ♀ ×Zhujiang River stock♂ ） and hybrids F1 （ Yangtze River stock ♀ × Zhujiang River stock ♂ ） were established, and their growth or morphological data were also measured. [ Result] The orders of body weight, standard length and absolute growth rate were F1 〉 ZR 〉 YR. No significant difference was found in body weight or standard length of 50 day-old generations （ P〉0. 05）, while there was an extremely significantly difference in those of 170 day-old generations （ P 〈0.01 ）. However, the absolute growth rate of F1 was 20.00% and 50.00% higher than that of ZR and YR respectively, and no significant difference was found between F1 and ZR （ P 〉 0.05）, but significant difference between F1 and YR （ P 〈 0.05）. F1 showed a significant hybrid vigor with rate of 20.09%. There was no significant difference among three inbred generations in standard length/total length （ P 〉 0.05）, while significant difference in head length/total length, body height/standard length and body width/standard length （ P 〈 0.05）, which indicated that F1 had the characteristics of shorter head, higher and wider body. [ Conclusion]F1 has advantages in growth performance and morphological characteristics.

The gas discharge visualization(GDV)order parameter model based on the principle of mastering both permanence and change

Objective To investigate the human body’s complex system,and classify and characterize the human body’s health states with“a comprehensive integrated method from qualitative to quantitative”.Methods This paper introduces the concept of“order parameters”and proposes a method for establishing an order parameter model of gas discharge visualization(GDV)based on the principle of“mastering both permanence and change(MBPC)”.The method involved the fol-lowing three steps.First,average luminous intensity(I)and average area(S)of the GDV im-ages were calculated to construct the phase space,and the score of the health questionnaire was calculated as the health deviation index(H).Second,the k-means++clustering method was employed to identify subclasses with the same health characteristics based on the data samples,and to statistically determine the symptom-specific frequencies of the subclasses.Third,the distance(d)between each sample and the“ideal health state”,which determined in the phase space of each subclass,was calculated as an order parameter describing the health imbalance,and a linear mapping was established between the d and the H.Further,the health implications of GDV signals were explored by analyzing subclass symptom profiles.We also compare the mean square error(MSE)with classification methods based on age,gen-der,and body mass index(BMI)indices to verify that the phase space possesses the ability to portray the health status of the human body.Results This study preliminarily tested the reliability of the order parameter model on data samples provided by 20 participants.Based on the discovered linear law,the current model can use d calculated by measuring the GDV signal to predict H(R^(2)>0.77).Combined with the symptom profiles of the subclasses,we explain the classification basis of the phase space based on the pattern identification.Compared with common classification methods based on age,gender,BMI,etc.,the MSE of phase space-based classification was reduced by an order of magnitude.Conclusion In this study,the GDV order parameter model based on MBPC can identify sub-classes and characterize individual health levels,and explore the TCM health meanings of the GDV signals by using subjective-objective methods,which holds significance for establishing mathematical models from TCM diagnosis principles to interpret human body signals.

杜甫与唐代诗人创作对赋体的参用

唐代诗人在创作中大量参用赋体。本文围绕杜甫的几类诗歌,从其融赋入诗的表现,到如何实现异体相生,创变升华,予以探讨。兼及四杰、李白、韩愈、白居易、李商隐等人,对唐诗吸收赋体概况作简要勾勒。赋之不断被诗吸纳,参与唐诗演进创变过程,说明异体相生是促进文体发展与繁衍的重要因素。

Fluid sensitivity study of elastic parameters in lowmedium porosity and permeability reservoir rocks

In this article,based on the acoustic measurements of core samples obtained from the low to medium porosity and permeability reservoirs in the WXS Depression,the densities and P and S wave velocities of these core samples were obtained.Then based on these data,a series of elastic parameters were computed.From the basic theory and previous pore fluid research results,we derived a new fluid identification factor（F）.Using the relative variations,Ag/w and Ao/w,of the elastic parameters between gas and water saturated samples and between oil and water saturated samples,λρ,σHSFIF,Kρ,λρ-2μρ,and F as quantitative indicators,we evaluate the sensitivity of the different fluid identification factors to identify reservoir fluids and validate the effects by crossplots.These confirm that the new fluid identification factor（F） is more sensitive for distinguishing oil and water than the traditional method and is more favorable for fliud identification in low to medium porosity and permeability reservoirs.

Effect of deposition parameters on micro-and nano-crystalline diamond films growth on WC-Co substrates by HFCVD

The characteristics of hot filament chemical vapor deposition（HFCVD） diamond films are significantly influenced by the deposition parameters, such as the substrate temperature, total pressure and carbon concentration. Orthogonal experiments were introduced to study the comprehensive effects of such three parameters on diamond films deposited on WC-Co substrates. Field emission scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy and Raman spectrum were employed to analyze the morphology, growth rate and composition of as-deposited diamond films. The morphology varies from pyramidal to cluster features with temperature decreasing. It is found that the low total pressure is suitable for nano-crystalline diamond films growth. Moreover, the substrate temperature and total pressure have combined influence on the growth rate of the diamond films.

Nonlinear Regression Fuzzy Analysis of Real Variable and Fuzzy Parameter

As far as the nonlinear regression method is concerned, the condition when both independent and dependent variable take the Fuzzy value, while the parameter, θ∈ΘR m the real value, have been discussed in . But for most of actual conditions, the independent variable generally takes the real value, while both parameter and dependent variable take the Fuzzy value. This paper propounded a method for the latter and its relevant Fuzzy regreession model. In addition the Fuzzy observation, matrix distribution and the rational estimation of modeling parameter have also been discussed. Furthermore, the Max min estimation of modeling parameter and its corresponding calculating sequence have also been offered to and the calculating example shows the method is feasible.

Analysis and Evaluation Indicator Selection of Chilling Tolerance of Different Cotton Genotypes

[Objectivc] This study aimed to investigate the chilling tolerance of seedlings of different cotton genotypes and screen appropriate indicators for assess- ing chilling tolerance, to establish reliable mathematical evaluation model for chilling tolerance of cotton, thus providing theoretical basis for breeding and promoting new chilling-tolerant cotton germplasms and large-scale evaluation of chilling tolerance of cotton varieties. [Method] Fifteen cotton varieties （lines） were used as experimental materials. The photosynthetic gas exchange parameters, chlorophyll fluorescence ki- netic parameters, chlorophyll content, relative soluble sugar content, malonaldehyde content, relative proiine content, relative conductivity and other 12 physiological indi- cators of seedling leaves under low temperature treatment （5 ℃, 12 h） and recovery treatment （25 ℃. 24 h） were determined; based on the chilling tolerance coefficient （CTC） of various individual indicators, the comprehensive evaluation of chilling toler- ance was conducled by using principal component analysis, hierarchical cluster anal- ysis and stepwise regression analysis. [Result] The results showed that the 12 indi- vidual physiological indicators could be classified into 7 independent comprehensive components by principal component analysis; 15 cotton varieties （lines） were clus- tered into three categories by using membership function method and hierarchical cluster analysis; the mathematical model for evaluating chilling tolerance of cotton seedlings was established： D =0.275 -0.244Fo1 ＋0.206Fv/Fm1＋0.326g,%-0.056SS ＋ 0.225MDA＋O.O38REC （FF=0.995）, and the evaluation accuracy of the equation was higher than 94.25%,0. Six identification indicators closely related to chilling tolerance were screened, including Fo,, Fv/Fm1, Seedling leaves of cotton varieties （lines） gs2, SS, MDA, and REC. [Conclusion] with high chilling tolerance are less dam- aged under low temperature stress, and are able to maintain relatively high photo- synthetic electron transport capacity and high stomatal conductance after recovery treatment, which is contributed to gas exchange and recovery of photosynthetic ca- pacity. Determination of the six indicators under the same stress condition can be adopted for rapid identification and prediction of the chilling tolerance of other cotton varieties, which provides basis for the breeding, promotion, identification and screen- ing of chilling tolerant germplasms.

P-SV wave elastic impedance and fluid identification factor in weakly anisotropic media

The P-SV wave reflection coefficients in VTI and HTI media were obtained by approximation of the Jilek（2002a and b）equation in orthotropic anisotropic media.An approximate equation for P-SV wave elastic impedance can be derived from the combination of the new coefficients with S-wave elastic impedance（Duffaut et al.,2000）.On this basis, the fluid identification factor in weakly anisotropic media was constructed and used to identify the Castagna and Smith（1994）lithologic combination and achieved good results. Finally,we specifically analyzed the anisotropic parameter impacts P-SV wave elastic impedance and fluid factor trends.

Preliminary Study on Induction and Identification of Polyploidy of Shandong Salvia miltiorrhiza Buds Treated by Colchicine

[Objective] The aim was to study the feasibility of using colchicine to induce polyploidy from the buds of Shandong Salvia miltiorrhiza.[Method] The buds of Shandong Salvia miltiorrhiza were induced by colchicine.[Result] When the concentration of colchicine supplemented in culture medium was 12 mg/L,the induction rate of polyploidy was the highest（36.6%）,but its survival rate was only 16.7%.When the concentration of colchicine was 8 mg/L,the induction rate of polyploidy was 15.9%,and its survival rate was up to 40.0%.Polyploidy plant of Shandong Salvia miltiorrhiza was strong and had thick,large and dark leaves,and long stomata on the lower epidermis of leaves had small density.[Conclusion] Colchicine could induce buds effectively,and the polyploidy breeding material of Salvia miltiorrhiza was obtained,which laid a foundation for shortening breeding process.

基于STM32可穿戴实时监测保护系统设计

围绕可穿戴思路,从健康监测、实时防护角度出发,提出了可穿戴实时监测保护系统的设计方案。以STM32处理器为控制核心,主要包含智能手表和防护头盔2个模块。实现了多功能手表、计步、体参测量、跌倒检测报警等功能。

Solvatochromic Parameters and Preferential Solvation Behavior for Binary Mixtures of 1,3-Dialkylimidazolium Ionic Liquids with Water

Binary mixtures of 1,3-dialkylimidazolium based ionic liquids （ILs） and water were selected as solvent systems to investigate the solute-solvent and solvent-solvent interactions on the preferential solvation of solvatochromic indicators at 25 ℃. Empirical solvatochromic pa- rameters, dipolarity/polarizability （π^＊）, hydrogen-bond donor acidity （α）, hydrogen-bond acceptor basicity （β）, and Reichardt＇s polarity parameters （ET^N） were measured from the ultraviolet-visible spectral shifts of 4-nitroaniline, 4-nitroanisole, and Reichardt＇s dye. The solvent properties of the IL-water mixtures were found to be influenced by IL type and IL mole fraction （XIL）. All these studied systems showed the non-ideal behavior. The max- imum deviation to ideality for the solvatochromic parameters can be obtained in the XIL range from 0.i to 0.3. For most of the binary mixtures, the π^＊ values showed the synergistic effects instead of the ETN, α and β values. The observed synergy extent was dependent on the studied systems, such as the dye indicator and IL type. A preferential solvation model was utilized to gather information on the molecular interactions in the mixtures. The dye indicator was preferentially solvated on the following trend： IL〉IL-water complex〉water.

A 0.6 μm CMOS bandgap voltage reference circuit

On the basis of mutual compensation of mobility and threshold voltage temperature effects, a stable CMOS band-gap voltage reference circuit was designed and fabricated in CSMC-HJ 0.6 μm CMOS technology. Operating from 0 to 85 ℃ under a supply voltage ranging from 4.5 to 5.5 V, the voltage reference circuit offers an output reference voltage ranging from 1.122 to 1.176 V and a voltage variation less than ±3.70%. The chip size including bonding pads is only 0.4 mm×0.4 mm and the power dissipation falls inside the scope of 28.3 to 48.8 mW operating at a supply voltage of 4.5 to 5.5 V.

Effects of rearing temperature and density on growth,survival and development of sea cucumber larvae,Apostichopus japonicus(Selenka)

In laboratory conditions,effects of rearing temperature and stocking density were examined on hatching of fertilized egg and growth of auricularia larvae of Apostichopus japonicus respectively.Data series like larval length and density,metamorphic time,and survival rate of the larvae were recorded.Statistics showed that for A.japonicus,survival rate(from fertilized egg to late auricularia) decreased significantly with the increasing rearing temperature(P<0.05).At different temperatures SGR was statistically significant as well(P<0.05) from day 1,and maximal SGR was found on day 9 at 24℃(159.26±3.28).This study clearly indicated that at low temperature(<24℃),metamorphic rate was remarkably higher than at higher temperature(>26℃).Hatching rate was significantly different between 0.2-5 ind./ml groups and 20-50 ind./ml groups.Rearing larvae at the higher density had the smaller maximal-length,whereas needed longer time to complete metamorphosis.This study suggested that 21℃ and 0.4 ind./ml can be used as the most suitable rearing temperature and stocking density for large-scale artificial breeding of A.japonicus's larvae.

Non-occupational lead exposure and hypertension in Pakistani adults

Hypertension is one of the most prevalent diseases in the developed and developing countries. Based on the long historical association and the provocative findings of blood pressure effects at low level of lead exposure a study was carried out to determine if an association existed between low blood lead concentration and hypertension. In this study the effects of low-level exposure to lead on blood pressure were examined among 244 adults using atomic absorption spectrometer. For quality assurance purpose certified reference materials i.e., Animal blood A-13, Bovine liver 1577 and cotton cellulose V-9 from IAEA （International Atomic Energy Agency） and NIST （National Institute of Standard Technology） were analyzed under identical experimental conditions. The mean age of hypertensive adults was 52 years （range 43-66）. The mean values of systolic and diastolic blood pressure were （209±11.7） （range 170-250） and （117±3.9） （range 105-140） mmHg respectively. Blood lead concentration ranged from 78-201 μg/L with a mean of 139 μg/L and 165-497 μg/L with a mean of 255 μg/k in normal and hypertensive adults respectively. Increase in systolic blood pressure was significantly predictive with increase in blood lead levels. Body mass index （BMI） and lipid profile including total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride correlated with blood pressure.

Evaluation of body weight of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus by computer vision

Apostichopus japonicus(Holothuroidea,Echinodermata) is an ecological and economic species in East Asia.Conventional biometric monitoring method includes diving for samples and weighing above water,with highly variable in weight measurement due to variation in the quantity of water in the respiratory tree and intestinal content of this species.Recently,video survey method has been applied widely in biometric detection on underwater benthos.However,because of the high flexibility of A.japonicus body,video survey method of monitoring is less used in sea cucumber.In this study,we designed a model to evaluate the wet weight of A.japonicus,using machine vision technology combined with a support vector machine(SVM) that can be used infield surveys on the A.japonicus population.Continuous dorsal images of free-moving A.japonicus individuals in seawater were captured,which also allows for the development of images of the core body edge as well as thorn segmentation.Parameters that include body length,body breadth,perimeter and area,were extracted from the core body edge images and used in SVM regression,to predict the weight of A.japonicus and for comparison with a power model.Results indicate that the use of SVM for predicting the weight of 33 A.japonicus individuals is accurate(R^2=0.99) and compatible with the power model(R^2=0.96).The image-based analysis and size-weight regression models in this study may be useful in body weight evaluation of A.japonicus in lab and field study.