微差爆破技术在张庄闸拆除中的参数拟定及效果分析

通过微差爆破技术在黄河张庄闸上部结构拆除施工中的应用 ,叙述了爆破网络设计及其具体路线 ,以及与爆破有关的技术参数的确定 ,并分析了爆破后大梁构件位移的原因 ,对今后同类工程施工具有一定借鉴价值。

大跨PC连续刚构桥设计要点与案例分析

针对大跨PC连续刚构桥设计中的重点和难点,文章以某(45+2×80+ 45)m大跨PC连续刚构桥为工程背景,在统计国内多个设计实例的基础上,总结笔者多年设计经验,对大跨PC连续刚构桥设计中的结构参数拟定、结构预应力设计、结构分析计算等多个设计要点进行了全面的分析与研究,为此类桥梁设计提供参考与借鉴.

直线回归方程的综合模型及其分析

从两变量直线回归方程的拟定准则出发，概括地提出一种可以综合协调的模式的方法，即将观测点至欲拟合直线之间的距离或称之为离差或残差的表达方式以简单地三角形在平面上的某种特殊关系来演译出倚轴回归正交回归、等权回归、等角回归等不同方程应该讲立意是新颖地、层次是清晰地、概念是明确的、操作是简易的、其结论是合理的、成果是可靠的，带有一定程度的创新概括性，可供水文水资源分析计算及有关方面应用参考。

Mathematic simulation and parameters determination of slacking process of weak rocks

Slacking experiments were performed on the red beds weak rock from vicinity of Changsha. Grain size distribution of the slacking rock was tested periodically during the experiments, which can be used to describe the physical transition of red beds weak rock during slacking process. According to the similar characters of many attributions such as environmental moisture, mineralogical composition, grain size and other factors between big rocks before slacking and its slacked product, the self-similar property of big rock and the small one can be induced. Fractal concept was introduced to construct the slacking model of red beds weak rock. Combining the supposed relationship of time for slacking and grain size of weak rock, the mathematic simulation of slacking process of red beds weak rock was conducted. To simplify the parameters back calculation, the fractal model proposed by Tyler and Wheatcraft was introduced to describe the characters of grain size distribution variation. The results show that the fractal dimension calculated from simulation data meet experiments data closely, which proves that the mathematic simulation method is reasonable and the parameters determination method is effective.

IMC based robust PID controller tuning for disturbance rejection

It is well-known that the IMC-PID controller tuning gives fast and improved set point response but slow disturbance rejection. A modification has been proposed in IMC-PID tuning rule for the improved disturbance rejection. For the modified IMC-PID tuning rule, a method has been developed to obtain the IMC-PID setting in closed-loop mode without acquiring detailed information of the process. The proposed method is based on the closed-loop step set point experiment using a proportional only controller with gain K_(c0). It is the direct approach to find the PID controller setting similar to classical Ziegler-Nichols closed-loop method. Based on simulations of a wide range of first-order with delay processes, a simple correlation has been derived to obtain the modified IMC-PID controller settings from closed-loop experiment. In this method, controller gain is a function of the overshoot obtained in the closed loop set point experiment. The integral and derivative time is mainly a function of the time to reach the first peak(overshoot). Simulation has been conducted for the broad class of processes and the controllers were tuned to have the same degree of robustness by measuring the maximum sensitivity, Ms, in order to obtain a reasonable comparison. The PID controller settings obtained in the proposed tuning method show better performance and robustness with other two-step tuning methods for the broad class of processes. It has also been applied to temperature control loop in distillation column model. The result has been compared to the open loop tuning method where it gives robust and fast response.

Parameter Identification of Rubber Isolators Using Frequency-Dependent Spring and Damper Coefficients

A model to describe the hysteresis damper character of rubber material is presented in this paper. It consists of a parallel spring and damper, whose coefficients change with vibration frequencies. In order to acquire these relations, the force decomposition is carried out according to some sine vibration measurement data about nonlinear forces changing with deformations of the rubber material. The nonlinear force is decomposed into a spring force and a damper force, which are represented by a frcquency-dependent spring and damper coefficient, respectively. Repeating this step for different measurements will give different coefficients corresponding to different frequencies. Then, application of a parameter identification method will provide the requested functions over frequency. Using those formulae, as an example, the dynamic character of a hollow shaft system supported by rubber rings is analyzed and the acceleration response curve in the centroid position is calculated. Comparisons with sine vibration experiments of the real system show a maximal inaccuracy of 8. 8 %. Application of this model and procedure can simplify the modeling and analysis of mechanical systems including rubber materials.

An interval effective independence method for optimal sensor placement based on non-probabilistic approach

This paper presents an interval effective independence method for optimal sensor placement, which contains uncertain structural information. To overcome the lack of insufficient statistic description of uncertain parameters, this paper treats uncertainties as non-probability intervals. Based on the iterative process of classical effective independence method, the proposed study considers the eliminating steps with uncertain cases. Therefore, this method with Fisher information matrix is extended to interval numbers, which could conform to actual engineering. As long as we know the bounds of uncertainties, the interval Fisher information matrix could be obtained conveniently by interval analysis technology. Moreover, due to the definition and calculation of the interval relationship, the possibilities of eliminating candidate sensors in each iterative process and the final layout of sensor placement are both presented in this paper. Finally, two numerical examples, including a five-storey shear structure and a truss structure are proposed respectively in this paper. Compared with Monte Carlo simulation, both of them can indicate the veracity of the interval effective independence method.