一种新的双光系统透明电极电池

植物光合作用在其叶绿体的光合作用膜上进行。它有两个串联着的光系统(PSII和PSI)。PSII在膜的一侧,吸收波长相当于680nm的光子激发电子并产生空穴,空穴将水氧化得氧。电子经过一系列的下坡传送,暗反应合成ATP,到处于膜另一侧的PSI。PSI吸收波长相当于700nm的光子,再次将电子激发,经过第二个系列的下坡传送,暗反应将NADP还原为NADHP。NADHP和ATP最终将CO_2还原为碳水化合物。

双光瞳系统的光学传递函数和扫描全息术

在单光瞳图像处理系统中,扫描系统与非相干成像系统具有等价性,在此基础上设计了图像处理系统中的双光瞳处理系统,并推导了该系统在聚焦和离焦时的光学传递函数,提出了离焦时该系统在光学扫描全息术中的应用.

双光腔光机械系统的动力学相变和选择性能量交换

本文探究了单腔和双腔光机械装置的动力学相变和选择性能量交换.发现系统会经历类似于Dicke-Hepp-Lieb超辐射型的动力学相变,且两光场间的正交动量耦合出现一个新的动力学临界点.两光场间的正交动量耦合等价于单(双)模光机械系统的外场驱动.通过耦合参数的调控,系统可以实现任意两模间的选择性能量交换,且临界耦合点与选择性能量交换对应.模压缩是能量转换的标志,且任何两模的正交压缩由特定玻色模间的能量交换决定.

智能移动双光监测系统在泛在电力物联网中的应用研究

在泛在电力物联网的环境下,电力工程领域对红外检测与视频捕捉等技术提出了更高的要求。文中设计开发了一种联合红外热成像与可见光视频的智能移动双光检测系统。该系统基于5G通信技术,将温度监测与视频控制功能相结合,采集电路把光信号转换成电信号,并进行红外热辐射的数模转换,综合具有设备管理功能、温度监测功能、电子地图等功能。软件终端控制系统由硬件驱动层、功能模块层、业务逻辑层组成,总体采用C/S构架,以多线程的方式为监控单元提供服务。应用测试结果表明,该系统运行稳定、性能良好,可以广泛应用于泛在电力物联网中。

双光楔光轴指向调整技术

由于双光楔系统可以精确调整光轴的指向,而且具有结构简单紧凑、调整速度快、偏转角度大的优点。为了满足某产品的需要,实现同心圆和Z字型的光轴调整轨迹。本文根据现有理论,通过建立光轴偏转角度与双光楔转动角度关系模型,推导出对应公式,并结合Matlab仿真、拟合和实际的产品测试,设计出了利用ARM与计算机控制双光楔来调整光轴指向的方案。结果表明,该方案光轴指向调整的误差小于0.5°,能够实现预期的轨迹,满足实际产品的需求。

Spectra of Free Diquark in the Bethe-Salpeter Approach

In this work, we employ the Bethe-Salpeter （B-S） equation to investigate the spectra of free diquarks and their B-S wave functions. We find that the B-S approach can be consistently applied to study the diqaurks with two heavy quarks or one heavy and one light quarks, but for two light-quark systems, the results are not reliable. There are a few free parameters in the whole scenario which can only be fixed phenomenologically. Thus, to determine them, one has to study baryons which are composed of quarks and diquarks.

Observation of interface of two kinds of bi-metal composite parts prepared by thixo-forging

Two kinds of bi-metal composite parts （Sn-15%Pb and Pb-22%Sn bi-metal system, and Al-7%Si and SiCp/6061 MMC bi-metal system） were prepared by the strain-induced melt activated thixo-forging. The interfaces of the bi-metal composites were observed by OM and SEM. The observations show that the semisolid metals keep independence during thixo-forging. The solid phases in the semisolid slurries maintain their original morphologies after thixo-forging. The liquid phases near the interface mix together and form a thin layer. The interfaces are bonded firmly with the metallurgical bonding. No oxide layers are found at the interfaces. Strengths of the interfaces were investigated by the micro-hardness test. The experimental results show that the composite interfaces have high strength. However, the agglomerated enhancing particles cause fine defect on the interface of the Al-7%Si and SiCr/6061 MMC bi-metal composite.

A High Spectral Efficiency System Enabled by Free Window with Full Duplex

This paper studies the capacity issues of a wireless communication system that implements single channel full duplex(SCFD) communication at the base station(BS), thereby the mobile stations share the channel via time division duplex(TDD). The system makes use of the same setup as has been used in previous studies of SCFD, but unlike these previous systems, the new system uses water-filling to maximize the spectral efficiency of the uplink channel. The concept of a free window is introduced to the duplex model for measuring, intuitively, the effective bandwidth of the bi-directional communication. The capacity gain is calculated and numerical results show the advantage of the proposed system over that of conventional TDD.

Roll-to-roll imprint for high precision grating manufacturing

In this paper,a novel roll-to-roll imprint process is proposed to fabricate gratings in large area. The key challenges in roll-to-roll imprint process,such as the roller mold preparation,imprint system,misalignment of imprint roller and backup roller,and also the imprint pressure,are investigated. Various gratings with different periods and profiles are obtained by the roll-to-roll process. To calibrate the measuring ability of the self-made grating by imprint,a calibration system is built with a dual-frequency laser interferometer. By the calibration,the self-made gratings can achieve ±4μm accuracy in 45mm measuring distance.

Two-function light source in a FBG multi-point sensing system

In this paper,a two-function light source is recommended. It can both amplify the light power and demodulate the wave-length signal. Its output power is 1000 times as high as traditional broadband light source(BBS) and it can demodulate the signal by scanning wavelength in 30 nm of bandwidth range in the situation of 1550 nm central wavelength. This kind of light source effectively solves the problem of light energy supply in more-point measurement of FBG and simplifies the structure of sensing measurement.

Influence of a Single Frequency Electromagnetic Wave on Energy Spectrum of Nonpolariton System in a Kerr Nonlinear Blackbody

In a Kerr nonlinear blackbody, bare photons with opposite wave vectors and helieities are bound into pairs and unpaired photons are transformed into a different kind of quasiparticle, the nonpolariton. The present paper investigates the influence of a single frequency electromagnetic wave on the energy spectrum of the nonpolariton system. We find that the wave can lead to an energy shift of nonpolaritons. Moreover, we calculate the first-order energy shift on certain conditions.

Entanglement for a Bimodal Cavity Field Interacting with a Two-Level Atom

Negativity has been adopted to investigate the entanglement in a system composed of a two-level atom anda two-mode cavity field.Effects of Kerr-like medium and the number of photon inside the cavity on the entanglementare studied.Our results show that atomic initial state must be superposed,so that the two cavity field modes can beentangled.Moreover,we also conclude that the number of photon in the two cavity mode should be equal.The interactionbetween modes,namely,the Kerr effect,has a significant negative contribution.Note that the atom frequency and thecavity frequency have an indistinguishable effect,so a corresponding approximation has been made in this article.Theseresults may be useful for quantum information in optics systems.

Comparison of Solar Trackers and Application of a Sensor Less Dual Axis Solar Tracker

In the 21th century, one of the biggest problems that the world faces is energy provision. Today, the way that most countries use for energy production is not clean and continuous. The most obvious proof for that is the change in the climate. The amount of CO2 （carbon dioxide） that is caused by fossil fuel burning increases day by day and this situation creates the greenhouse effect and change in the climate. The sun is one of the best solutions to this problem. It is not only clean and continuous, but also available anywhere, anytime. However, the efficiency of a photovoltaic system is directly related to the amount of solar energy acquired by the system which means that, it is necessary to follow the sun to have a high efficient system. There are two types of trackers that follow the sun and there are several ways to build them. In this paper, solar tracker designs are examined and a new dual axis solar tracker design is given.

Inhibition of Two-Photon Absorption in a Four-Level Atomic System with Closed-Loop Configuration

We theoretically investigate the features of two-photon absorption in a coherently driven four-level atomic system with closed-loop configuration. It is found that two-photon absorption can be completely suppressed just by properly adjusting the relative phase of four coherent low-intensity driving fields and the atomic system becomes trans- parent against two-photon absorption. From a physical point of view, we explicitly explain these results in terms of quantum interference induced by two different two-photon excitation channels.

Local Control of Two-Photon Absorption in a Six-Level Atomic System by Using a Coherent Perturbation Field

If a coherent perturbation field is used to couple the excited level of the coupling transition in the five-level K-type atom with another higher excited level, the two-photon electromagnetically induced transparency can be locally modulated by altering the parameters of the additional perturbation field. With different detunings of the coherent perturbation field, the absorption peak or transparency window with sharp and high-contrast speetrM feature can be generated in the two-photon absorption spectrum. The physical interpretation of these phenomena is given in terms of the dressed states.

Development of Fiber-Optic Current Sensing Technique and Its Applications in Electric Power Systems

This paperdescribes the development and applications of a fiber-optic electric current sensing technique with the stable properties and compact, simple, and flexible structure of the sensing device. The special characteristics of the sensors were achieved by use of the special low birefringence fiber as the Faraday-effect sensing element and were also achieved with creation of sensing schemes which matched with the features of the fiber. Making use of the excellent features of the sensing technique, various current monitoring devices and systems were developed and applied practically for the control and maintenance in the electric power facility. In this paper, the design and performance of the sensing devices are introduced first. After that, examples of the application systems practically applied are also introduced, including fault section/point location systems for power transmission cable lines.

Local Smooth Solutions to the 3-Dimensional Isentropic Relativistic Euler equations

The authors consider the local smooth solutions to the isentropic relativistic Euler equations in(3+1)-dimensional space-time for both non-vacuum and vacuum cases.The local existence is proved by symmetrizing the system and applying the FriedrichsLax-Kato theory of symmetric hyperbolic systems.For the non-vacuum case,according to Godunov,firstly a strictly convex entropy function is solved out,then a suitable symmetrizer to symmetrize the system is constructed.For the vacuum case,since the coefficient matrix blows-up near the vacuum,the authors use another symmetrization which is based on the generalized Riemann invariants and the normalized velocity.

An ultra-sensitive dual-mode imaging system using metal-enhanced fluorescence in solid phantoms

In this study, we developed a highly sensitive dual-mode imaging system using gold nanoparticles （GNPs） conjugated to various fluorophores in solid phantoms. The system consists of fluorescence-lifetime imaging microscopy （FLIM） for surface imaging, diffusion reflection （DR） for deep-tissue imaging （up to 1 cm）, and metal-enhanced fluorescence （MEF）. We detected quenching in the fluorescent intensity （FI） for the conjugation of both gold nanospheres （GNS） and gold nanorods （GNRs） to Fluorescein, which has an excitation peak at a wavelength shorter than the surface plasmon resonance （SPR） of both types of GNPs. Enhanced FI was detected in conjugation to Rhodamine B （RhB） and Sulforhodamine B （SRB）, both with excitation peaks in the SPR regions of the GNPs. The enhanced FI was detected both in solution and in solid phantoms by the FLIM measurements. DR measurements detected the presence of GNRs within the solid phantoms by recording the dropped rates of light scattering in wavelengths corresponding to the absorption spectra of the GNRs. With the inclusion of MEF, this promising dual-mode imaging technique enables efficient and sensitive molecular and functional imaging.

A full-duplex optical access system with hybrid 64/16/4QAM-OFDM downlink

A full-duplex optical passive access scheme is proposed and verified by simulation, in which hybrid 64/16/4-quadrature amplitude modulation(64/16/4QAM) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(OFDM) optical signal is for downstream transmission and non-return-to-zero(NRZ) optical signal is for upstream transmission. In view of the transmitting and receiving process for downlink optical signal, in-phase/quadrature-phase(I/Q) modulation based on Mach-Zehnder modulator(MZM) and homodyne coherent detection technology are employed, respectively. The simulation results show that the bit error ratio(BER) less than hardware decision forward error correction(HD-FEC) threshold is successfully obtained over transmission path with 20-km-long standard single mode fiber(SSMF) for hybrid downlink modulation OFDM optical signal. In addition, by dividing the system bandwidth into several subchannels consisting of some continuous subcarriers, it is convenient for users to select different channels depending on requirements of communication.

Ultra-Low Threshold Optical Bistability and Multi-Stability in Dielecrtric Slab Doped with Semiconductor Quantum Well

A scheme for switching of the optical bistability(OB) and multi-stability(OM) in a dielectric slab doped with a three-level ladder-configuration n-doped semiconductor quantum well is simulated. It is shown that the bistable behavior of the system in dielectric slab can be controlled via amplitude or relative phase of applied fields. This optical system may provide some new possibilities for test the switching process.