“双化”协同转型下数字经济与绿色创新发展协同性研究——基于我国省级行政区的面板数据

为探究数字经济与绿色创新的发展协同性,基于2013—2020年我国省级行政区的面板数据,构建数字经济与绿色创新发展指标体系。利用偏相关分析法、耦合协调度模型对各省级行政区间数字经济与绿色创新发展水平的差异性、协同性进行研究。结果表明,各省级行政区数字经济及绿色创新发展水平均存在省际差异,但两者发展具有协同性,且协同程度存在省际差异。研究结论可为“双化”转型提供实证借鉴,完善数字经济与绿色创新协同发展路径,为实现数字经济与绿色创新高质量协同发展提供政策建议。

企业数字化转型与绿色创新的“双化协同”机制研究

随着环境压力的日趋严峻和数字技术的迅猛发展,包括中国在内的众多国家都寄希望于通过数字技术与传统工业的有效结合来实现制造业的绿色转型。实现数字化与绿色化“双化协同”已成为我国高质量发展的必然选择。基于2009—2019年的制造业A股上市公司数据,采用联立方程模型进行实证分析。研究结果表明:(1)数字化转型通过提高资源配置能力和信息透明度推动绿色创新;(2)绿色创新通过拉动研发投入进一步拉动企业数字化转型。基于环境污染类型、企业产权性质和企业生命周期的异质性分析结果表明:(1)非重污染企业中,数字化转型与绿色创新之间的相互影响关系最为显著;(2)国有企业中数字化转型推动绿色创新的作用最为显著,非国有企业中绿色创新拉动数字化转型的作用最为显著;(3)在企业成熟阶段,数字化转型与绿色创新之间的相互影响关系最强,并且影响程度在企业生命周期中呈现出先上升后下降的趋势。研究结论不仅为数字化与绿色化的“双化协同”提供了理论支持,也为政府制定环境政策提供了参考,具有重要的理论和实践意义。

企业“双化”转型的创新驱动效应研究

在“双碳”背景下,推动企业数字化、绿色化转型是实现我国经济高质量发展的重中之重,“双化”转型与企业创新之间的关系成为理论界与实践界关注的重要话题。文章以2011—2021年沪深A股上市公司为样本,实证研究企业数字化、绿色化转型对企业创新的驱动效应。研究结果显示:数字化转型、绿色化转型均能显著促进企业创新,二者对企业创新存在显著的正向协同作用,且这种正向协同作用具有持续性;异质性分析发现,数字化转型、绿色化转型对企业创新的独立作用效应在大规模企业和国有企业中更显著,“双化”转型对企业创新的正向协同作用在大规模企业和非国有企业中更显著。今后政府应营造良好的内外部环境,形成政策引领、社会支持、企业投入、互相学习的“双化”转型良好生态;企业应充分认识到数字化、绿色化转型及“双化”协同发展的积极作用,把握住数字化、绿色化转型的发展机遇。

区域绿色技术创新的前因组态分析

在“碳达峰、碳中和”战略目标及数字化迅速发展的时代背景下,提升区域绿色技术创新显得尤为关键。本研究基于WSR理论框架,以2015~2021年我国30个省份的面板数据为样本,采用动态QCA研究方法,从双化协同视角深度剖析区域间绿色技术创新的差异化影响路径。研究发现:高数字经济基础设施、高产业数字化、高产业结构生态化、高数字人才资源、高公众环境关注度对区域绿色技术创新的必要性效应存在显著的区域差异;产生高区域绿色技术创新存在6条等效路径,主要可以分为WR驱动和SR驱动两种类型;所有组态均没有明显的时间效应和地区效应。本研究深化了双化协同背景下区域绿色技术创新影响因素及路径研究,并为区域间技术创新提供了实践参考。

新发展格局下的绿色数字经济测度

随着“十四五”的提出以及现今我国的发展情况,数字化和绿色化都是重中之重。不论是建设数字化中国的提出,还是坚持走生态优先、绿色发展之路的提出,都在强调数字化与绿色的重要之处。现今两者协同发展的提出更是给大家提出了新的思路。本文着眼于数字化绿色化协同发展构建绿色数字经济测度以测算各省现状并为后续的发展提出适当建议。

省域数字化与绿色化协同发展评价、时空特征及其影响因素

文章在测度2012—2021年中国数字化和绿色化(“双化”)发展水平的基础上,运用耦合协调度模型、Dagum基尼系数方法、相对发展度模型及障碍度模型分析了数字化绿色化协同(“双化协同”)的时空演变特征及障碍因素。研究发现:①考察期内“双化”协调度逐年攀升,整体协调等级由初级协调提升至良好协调,“双化协同”取得实质性进展。②随着区域协调发展战略的贯彻落实,中国“双化协同”水平呈现“东部引领,西部地区快速发展”的区域格局,区域协调性有所增强,但东部地区始终处于绝对领先地位,东高西低格局固化,缩小区域间差异仍是推动“双化协同”区域协调的关键路径。③除北京、广东、上海及江苏4省域外,其余省域均属数字落后型,“双化”发展同步性亟需加强。④培养数字人才、加强技术创新、提高数字效益、降低能耗水平是新发展阶段推动数字化绿色化协同转型发展的重要着力点;进一步分析发现,不同区域和不同类型省域“双化协同”水平提升的障碍因子具有异质特征,分区指导、分类调控是“双化协同”高质量发展的必然路径。

中国数字法治政府建设十年述评

中共中央、国务院印发的《法治政府建设实施纲要(2021-2025年)》明确提出建设“数字法治政府”,体现了数字社会的时代背景下数字政府建设与法治政府建设的同频共振。“数字法治政府”作为一个创新型概念,自被提出以来引发学界广泛关注。当下,有必要对其理论脉络进行梳理,明确数字技术如何形塑政府治理新形态,以及其对法治政府建设带来的新挑战,在正本清源的基础上,为未来的数字法治政府建设需要回答的基本问题点明方向。

Enhanced photocatalytic H_(2) production performance of CdS hollow spheres using C and Pt as bi-cocatalysts

Photocatalytic H2 production from water splitting is an effective method to solve energy crisis and environmental pollution simultaneously.Herein,carbon@CdS composite hollow spheres(C@CdS-HS)are fabricated via a facile hydrothermal method using porous carbon hollow spheres(C-HS)as the template.The C@CdS-HS shows an excellent photocatalytic H2-generation rate of 20.9 mmol h^(−1) g^(−1)(apparent quantum efficiency of 15.3%at 420 nm),with 1.0 wt%Pt as a cocatalyst under simulated sunlight irradiation;this rate is 69.7,13.9,and 3.9 times higher than that obtained with pure CdS hollow spheres(CdS-HS),C@CdS-HS,and CdS-HS/Pt,respectively.The enhanced photocatalytic H_(2)-evolution activity of C@CdS-HS/Pt is due to the synergistic effect of C and Pt as the bi-cocatalyst.The C-HS serves not only as an active site provider but also as an electron transporter and reservoir.Moreover,C-HS has a strong photothermal effect that is induced by near infrared light,which kinetically accelerates the H_(2)-production reaction.Additionally,the underlying charge transfer pathway and process from CdS to C−HS is revealed.This work highlights the potential application of C-HS-based nanocomposites in solar-to-chemical energy conversion.

Selective tandem hydrogenation and rearrangement of furfural to cyclopentanone over CuNi bimetallic catalyst in water

Tandem catalysis for the hydrogenation rearrangement of furfural(FA)provides an attractive solution for manufacturing cyclopentanone(CPO)from renewable biomass resources.The Cu-Ni/Al-MCM-41 catalyst was synthesized and afforded excellent catalytic performance with 99.0%conversion and 97.7%selectivity to CPO in a near-neutral solution under 2.0 MPa H2 at 160℃ for 5 h,much higher than those on other molecular sieve supports including MCM-41,SBA-15,HY,and ZSM-5.A small amount of Al highly dispersed in MCM-41 plays an anchoring role and ensures the formation of highly dispersed CuNi bimetallic nanoparticles(NPs).The remarkably improved catalytic performance may be attributed to the bimetallic synergistic and charge transfer effects.In addition,the initial FA concentration and the aqueous system pH required precise control to minimize polymerization and achieve high selectivity of CPO.Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and mass spectra results indicated that polymerization was sensitive to pH values.Under acidic conditions,FA and intermediate furfuryl alcohol polymerize,while the intermediate 4-hydroxy-2-cyclopentenone mainly polymerizes under alkaline conditions,blocking the cascade of multiple reactions.Therefore,near-neutral conditions are most suitable for minimizing the impact of polymerization.This study provides a useful solution for the current universal problems of polymerization side reactions and low carbon balance for biomass conversion.

SiO_2-supported Au-Ni bimetallic catalyst for the selective hydrogenation of acetylene

Supported Au catalysts have been reported to exhibit high ethylene selectivity in the hydrogenation of acetylene,but the conversion is relatively low.Adding a second metal to Au has proven to be a promising approach to enhance its catalytic performance in acetylene hydrogenation.In this work,SiO2‐supported Au‐Ni bimetallic catalysts were synthesized and investigated in the selective hydrogenation of acetylene.The Au‐Ni bimetallic catalysts exhibited much higher catalytic performance than that of the corresponding monometallic Au or Ni catalysts.By tuning the reduction temperature and/or Ni loading,we obtained an Au‐Ni/SiO2catalyst with optimal performance.The results of transmission electron microscopy imaging revealed that the Au‐Ni bimetallic particles were highly dispersed on the SiO2support.Meanwhile,analysis of the bimetallic catalyst by energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy,high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy,and in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy demonstrated the formation of Au‐Ni alloy,which contributed to the synergistic effect between Au and Ni in the hydrogenation of acetylene.

Efficient electrocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide to ethylene on copper–antimony bimetallic alloy catalyst

The exploration of efficient electrocatalysts for the reduction of CO2 to C2H4 is of significant importance but is also a challenging subject.Cu-based bimetallic catalysts are extremely promising for efficient CO2 reduction.In this work,we synthesize a series of porous bimetallic Cu–Sb alloys with different compositions for the catalytic reduction of CO2 to C2H4.It is demonstrated that the alloy catalysts are much more efficient than the pure Cu catalyst.The performance of the alloy catalysts depended strongly on the composition.Further,the alloy with a Cu:Sb ratio of 10:1 yielded the best results;it exhibited a high C2H4 Faradaic efficiency of 49.7%and a high current density of 28.5 mA cm?2 at?1.19 V vs.a reversible hydrogen electrode(RHE)in 0.1 M KCl solution.To the best of our knowledge,the electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 to C2H4 using Cu–Sb alloys as catalysts has not been reported.The excellent performance of the porous alloy catalyst is attributed to its favorable electronic configuration,large surface area,high CO2 adsorption rate,and fast charge transfer rate.

An examination of active sites on Au-Ag bimetallic catalysts based on CO oxidation over Au/Ag_2O and a comparison to Ag-contaminated Au powder

There are two theories regarding the origin of the remarkable synergistic effect observed in Au‐Ag bimetallic catalysts when applied to various oxidative reactions. One is based on the importance of the contact interfaces between AgOx regions and the surface of the bulk Au as active working sites, while the other holds that charge transfer from Ag to Au in a surface Au‐Ag alloy causes the catalytic activity. One key point in examining these theories and determining the origin of the synergy in‐volves determining whether or not Ag exists as an oxide or as a metallic alloy on the Au surface. To confirm that enhanced activity results from contact between Ag2O and Au nanoparticles （NPs）, a comparative study of catalytic CO oxidation over Au/Ag2O and Ag2O was performed in the present work, using a closed recirculation reaction system. A reaction mixture consisting of a stoichiometric composition of CO and O2 （CO/O2=2/1） was supplied to both catalysts and the resulting pressure decrease rates were tracked, from which the amounts of gas consumed as well as the quantity of CO2 produced were determined. The steady state reactions of both Au/Ag2O and Ag2O did not lead to any meaningful difference in the rate of pressure decrease during the oxidation. The pressure decrease over both catalysts was attributed to the reduction of surface lattice O on Ag2O by CO. The results obtained for Au/Ag2O are in good agreement with previous data resulting from the use of Ag‐contaminated Au powder （Ag/Au‐b） having an oxidized surfaces. This finding suggests that the perimeters between AgOx zones and the bulk Au surface may not function as active sites during CO oxidation. A review of previous results obtained with Ag/Au‐b specimens having so‐called steady state surfaces indicates that AgOx species in such materials are reduced to the 0 state to form a Ag‐Au alloy that provides the active sites.

The synthesis of tetracyclic coumarins via decarboxylative asymmetric[4+2]cycloadditions enabled by Pd(0)/Cu(I)synergistic catalysis

Tetracyclic coumarins are a class of important compounds with diverse and superior pharmacolog‐ical activities.However,a direct stereoselective method from simple and readily‐made coumarins derivatives remains challenging due to the inertness of coumarins as dienophiles.Herein,we de‐velop a decarboxylative asymmetric[4+2]cycloaddition of 3‐cyanocoumarins with vinyl benzoxa‐zinones,affording the coumarin‐derived condensed rings bearing three continuous stereocenters in high yields with excellent diastereoselectivities(>20/1 d.r.)and enantioselectivities(up to 99%ee).This direct enantioselective reaction was achieved by a Pd(0)/Cu(I)bimetallic catalytic system.The mechanism studies indicated that the synergistic activation effect,in which chiral Cu(I)as an availa‐ble Lewis acid catalyst activates 3‐cyanocoumarin and chiral Pd(0)complex activates benzoxazi‐none by the formation ofπ‐allyl‐palladium intermediate,plays an important role on the stereoselec‐tive control.The current work provides a new activation modes of Cu catalyst in the Pd/Cu bimetal‐lic catalytic system.