A semiconductor optical amplifier and electroabsorption modulator monolithically integrated with a spotsize converter input and output is fabricated by means of selective area growth,quantum well intermixing,and asymm...A semiconductor optical amplifier and electroabsorption modulator monolithically integrated with a spotsize converter input and output is fabricated by means of selective area growth,quantum well intermixing,and asymmetric twin waveguide technology. A 1550-1600nm lossless operation with a high DC extinction ratio of 25dB and more than 10GHz 3dB bandwidth are successfully achieved. The output beam divergence angles of the device in the horizontal and vertical directions are as small as 7.3°× 18.0°, respectively, resulting in a 3.0dB coupling loss with a cleaved single-mode optical fiber.展开更多
A kind of compact ultra wideband (UWB) monopole antenna with dual-band notched function is presented.The proposed antenna,using "C" and "L" apertures embedded in the annular ring patch and ground patch,gets two ...A kind of compact ultra wideband (UWB) monopole antenna with dual-band notched function is presented.The proposed antenna,using "C" and "L" apertures embedded in the annular ring patch and ground patch,gets two bandnotched characteristics in WiMAX3.5 GHz and WLAN 5.5 GHz.The size of antenna is 24 mm × 36 mm × 1.6 mm.The simulation results show that waveband range of the antenna is 2.7-10.6 GHz for S11 <-10 dB and the band-notched wavebands are 3.2-3.8 GHz and 5.1-6 GHz.So it has miniaturization,ultra-band and band-notched characteristics.Meanwhile,the radition pattern,directivety and gain are perfect,which meets the practical need.展开更多
We investigate the effects of extension and overlap of wavefunctions on the dispersion relations of plasmon modes in symmetric double-quantum-well structures. We compare the approximate results in two-dimensional laye...We investigate the effects of extension and overlap of wavefunctions on the dispersion relations of plasmon modes in symmetric double-quantum-well structures. We compare the approximate results in two-dimensional layer-gas (2DLG) model with the exact ones where the extension and overlap of the wavefunctions are included. Our numerical results show that the 2DLG model is a good approximation only in the wide barrier case in the long wavelength limit. When the barrier is thin, the extension and overlap of the wavefunctions cannot be neglected. We also show that the long wavelength gap of the inter-subband mode is proportional to the energy difference between the ground and the first excited energy levels.展开更多
We study persistent currents in the double Aharonov-Bohm ring connected to two electron reservoirs by quantum waveguide theory. It is found that the persistent currents in the double Aharonov-Bohm ring depend .on the ...We study persistent currents in the double Aharonov-Bohm ring connected to two electron reservoirs by quantum waveguide theory. It is found that the persistent currents in the double Aharonov-Bohm ring depend .on the direction of the current flow from one reservoir to another. When the direction of the current flow reverses, tl2e persistent current in each ring of the double Aharonov-Bohm ring changes. If the two rings are of the same size, the persistent currents in the left and the right rings exchange at the reversal of the current flow direction.展开更多
In this work, we evaluate the lifetimes of the doubly charmed baryons Ξcc^+ ,Ξcc^++, and Ωcc^+. We carefully calculate the non-spectator contributions at the quark level, where the Cabibbo-suppressed diagrams a...In this work, we evaluate the lifetimes of the doubly charmed baryons Ξcc^+ ,Ξcc^++, and Ωcc^+. We carefully calculate the non-spectator contributions at the quark level, where the Cabibbo-suppressed diagrams are also included. The hadronic matrix elements are evaluated in the simple non-relativistic harmonic oscillator model. Our numerical results are generally consistent with that obtained by other authors who used the diquark model. However, all the theoretical predictions on the lifetimes are one order larger than the upper limit set by the recent SELEX measurement. This discrepancy would be clarified by the future experiment. If more accurate experiment still confirms the value of the SELEX collaboration, there must be some unknown mechanism to be explored.展开更多
A scheme is proposed for generating maximally entangled states for two or more three-level atoms. In the scheme the atoms are sent through a two-mode cavity one by one and interact with the two-cavity modes sequential...A scheme is proposed for generating maximally entangled states for two or more three-level atoms. In the scheme the atoms are sent through a two-mode cavity one by one and interact with the two-cavity modes sequentially. The required experimental techniques are within the scope of what can be obtained in the microwave cavity QED setup.展开更多
The probe absorption-dispersion spectra of a radio-frequency (RF)-driven five-level atom embedded in a photonic crystal are investigated by considering the isotropic double-band photonic-bandogap (PBG) reservoir. ...The probe absorption-dispersion spectra of a radio-frequency (RF)-driven five-level atom embedded in a photonic crystal are investigated by considering the isotropic double-band photonic-bandogap (PBG) reservoir. In the model used, the two transitions are, respectively, coupled by leading to some curious phenomena. Numerical simulations the upper and lower bands in such a PBG material, thus are performed for the optical spectra. It is found that when one transition frequency is inside the band gap and the other is outside the gap, there emerge three peaks in the absorption spectra. However, for the case that two transition frequencies lie inside or outside the band gap, the spectra display four absorption profiles. Especially, there appear two sharp peaks in the spectra when both transition frequencies exist inside the band gap. The influences of the intensity and frequency of the RF-driven field on the absorptive and dispersive response are analyzed under different band-edge positions. It is found that a transparency window appears in the absorption spectra and is accompanied by a very steep variation of the dispersion profile by adjusting system parameters. These results show that the absorption-dispersion properties of the system depend strongly on the RF-induced quantum interference and the density of states (DOS) of the PBG reservoir.展开更多
We study the rare radiative dileptonlc decays B^0(Bs)→γe^+e^- (e = e, μ) in the standard model By using the B meson wave function constrained by non-leptonic decays, the branching ratios turn out to be of the ...We study the rare radiative dileptonlc decays B^0(Bs)→γe^+e^- (e = e, μ) in the standard model By using the B meson wave function constrained by non-leptonic decays, the branching ratios turn out to be of the order of 10^-9 for Bs→γe^+e^-, γe^+e^-, and 10^-10 for Bs→γe^+e^-, γe^+e^-. Based on the study, these decays are accessible at the near future LHC-b experiment, which are useful to determine the B(B,) wave function.展开更多
An analytical method based on four-wave mixing (FWM) is here developed to study the generation of entangled state in an asymmetric semiconductor double quantum well structure. It is found that the maximally entangle...An analytical method based on four-wave mixing (FWM) is here developed to study the generation of entangled state in an asymmetric semiconductor double quantum well structure. It is found that the maximally entangled state of two beams (the probe and four-wave mixing beams) can be achieved in an appropriate condition. Moreover, we also show that the two entangled beams propagate with ultraslow group velocity in the semiconductor medium. This investigation can be used for achieving the entangled beams in the semiconductor solid-state medium, which is much more practical than that in an atomic medium because of its flexible design and the wide adjustable parameters.展开更多
Photo dissociation dynamics of diatomic molecular ion HBr+ interacting with ultra fast laser pulses of different envelop function has been presented both in zero and non zero temperature environment. The calculations...Photo dissociation dynamics of diatomic molecular ion HBr+ interacting with ultra fast laser pulses of different envelop function has been presented both in zero and non zero temperature environment. The calculations pertain primarily to the ground electronic state of the molecular ion HBr+. The used potential of HBr+ is calibrated with the help of the ab initio theoretical calculation at the CCSD/6-311++G(3df, 2pd) level and then fitted with appropriate Morse parameters. The numerical bound states vibrational eigenvalues obtained by the time independent Fourier Grid Hamiltonian method have been compared with analytical values of the fitted Morse potential. The effect of temperature, pulse envelops function, and light intensity on the dissociation process has been explored.展开更多
In this paper, we have investigated theoretically the high harmonic generation form helium atom in long wavelength driving regime at 2000 nm through solving time-dependent Schr6dinger equation. By adding a second harm...In this paper, we have investigated theoretically the high harmonic generation form helium atom in long wavelength driving regime at 2000 nm through solving time-dependent Schr6dinger equation. By adding a second harmonic pulse (1000 nm) and a UV attosecond pulse (200 nm) to the driving field, an efficient method for picking out and enhancing ionization path to generate high-yield supercontinuum harmonics is realized, and then an isolated sub-100 as pulse with a bandwidth of 190 eV is significantly obtained.展开更多
We propose a scheme to simultaneously widen and heighten the high-order harmonic plateau on a large scale. More specifically, by adopting a united two-atom system with a suitable inter-nuclear separation instead of a ...We propose a scheme to simultaneously widen and heighten the high-order harmonic plateau on a large scale. More specifically, by adopting a united two-atom system with a suitable inter-nuclear separation instead of a single-atom, the harmonic plateau is widened from Ip + 3.2Up to Ip +8.5Up; further, by adopting the combined pulse, the extended plateau (harmonics near Ip+ 5.6Up) is selectively heightened in excess of 4 orders of magnitude compared with the case of the low-frequency pulse alone. By means of the wavelet transform for the induced dipole of these harmonics, a single x-ray pulse as short as 210 asec is achieved.展开更多
At low bitrate, all block discrete cosine transform (BDCT) based video coding algorithms suffer from visible blocking and ringing artifacts in the reconstructed images because the quantization is too coarse and high f...At low bitrate, all block discrete cosine transform (BDCT) based video coding algorithms suffer from visible blocking and ringing artifacts in the reconstructed images because the quantization is too coarse and high frequency DCT coefficients are inclined to be quantized to zeros. Preprocessing algorithms can enhance coding efficiency and thus reduce the likelihood of blocking artifacts and ringing artifacts generated in the video coding process by applying a low-pass filter before video encoding to remove some relatively insignificant high frequent components. In this paper, we introduce a new adaptive preprocessing algo- rithm, which employs an improved bilateral filter to provide adaptive edge-preserving low-pass filtering which is adjusted ac- cording to the quantization parameters. Whether at low or high bit rate, the preprocessing can provide proper filtering to make the video encoder more efficient and have better reconstructed image quality. Experimental results demonstrate that our proposed preprocessing algorithm can significantly improve both subjective and objective quality.展开更多
Some falsehoods of the so-called double-wave theory (DWT) are pointed out. The logic and the origin of the DWT, and three of the four fundamental hypotheses of DWT are criticized. It is expounded that the hypothesis o...Some falsehoods of the so-called double-wave theory (DWT) are pointed out. The logic and the origin of the DWT, and three of the four fundamental hypotheses of DWT are criticized. It is expounded that the hypothesis of two wave functions is unreasonable, the hypothesized Hamiltonian differs from the actually used Hamiltonian, and the hypothesized expression of measured values or mean values of mechanical quantities is wrong and does not express the measured values or mean values at all.展开更多
Are quantum states real? This most fundamental question in quantum mechanics has not yet been satisfactorily resolved, although its realistic interpretation seems to have been rejected by various delayedchoice experim...Are quantum states real? This most fundamental question in quantum mechanics has not yet been satisfactorily resolved, although its realistic interpretation seems to have been rejected by various delayedchoice experiments. Here, to address this long-standing issue, we present a quantum twisted double-slit experiment. By exploiting the subluminal feature of twisted photons, the real nature of a photon during its time in flight is revealed for the first time. We found that photons' arrival times were inconsistent with the states obtained in measurements but agreed with the states during propagation. Our results demonstrate that wavefunctions describe the realistic existence and evolution of quantum entities rather than a pure mathematical abstraction providing a probability list of measurement outcomes. This finding clarifies the long-held misunderstanding of the role of wavefunctions and their collapse in the evolution of quantum entities.展开更多
A dual-band bandpass microwave photonic filter(MPF) based on stimulated Brillouin scattering(SBS) is theoretically analyzed and experimentally demonstrated. Two separated tunable laser sources(TLSs) are employed to ge...A dual-band bandpass microwave photonic filter(MPF) based on stimulated Brillouin scattering(SBS) is theoretically analyzed and experimentally demonstrated. Two separated tunable laser sources(TLSs) are employed to generate two passbands by implementing phase modulation to amplitude modulation conversion by using SBS induced sideband amplification. The center frequencies of both passbands can be independently tuned ranging from 1 GHz to 19 GHz. High resolution with 3 d B bandwidth less than 30 MHz and large out-of-band rejection about 40 d B under 25 m W optical pump power are achieved.展开更多
In this paper, the bilinear form of a generalized Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation is obtained by applying the binary Bell polynomials. The N-soliton solution and one periodic wave solution are presented by use of the ...In this paper, the bilinear form of a generalized Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation is obtained by applying the binary Bell polynomials. The N-soliton solution and one periodic wave solution are presented by use of the Hirota direct method and the Riemann theta function, respectively. And then the asymptotic analysis demonstrates one periodic wave solution can be reduced to one soliton solution. In the end, the bilinear Backlund transformations are derived.展开更多
We study the fluctuation-activated transition process in a system of two coupled forced bistable oscillators with a mismatch σ in the force constants. As the coupling strength μ is increased, the transition pathway ...We study the fluctuation-activated transition process in a system of two coupled forced bistable oscillators with a mismatch σ in the force constants. As the coupling strength μ is increased, the transition pathway undergoes four stages changes from a two-step process with two candidate pathways to a mixture of a two-step pathway and a one-step pathway to a one-step process with also two candidate pathways and then to a one-step process with a single pathway.Interestingly, we find that the total transition rate depends nonmonotonically on σ in the weak coupling: a maximal rate appears in an intermediate magnitude of σ. Moreover, the rate also exhibits an unexpected maximum as a function ofμ. The results are in an excellent agreement with our numerical simulations by forward flux sampling.展开更多
文摘A semiconductor optical amplifier and electroabsorption modulator monolithically integrated with a spotsize converter input and output is fabricated by means of selective area growth,quantum well intermixing,and asymmetric twin waveguide technology. A 1550-1600nm lossless operation with a high DC extinction ratio of 25dB and more than 10GHz 3dB bandwidth are successfully achieved. The output beam divergence angles of the device in the horizontal and vertical directions are as small as 7.3°× 18.0°, respectively, resulting in a 3.0dB coupling loss with a cleaved single-mode optical fiber.
文摘A kind of compact ultra wideband (UWB) monopole antenna with dual-band notched function is presented.The proposed antenna,using "C" and "L" apertures embedded in the annular ring patch and ground patch,gets two bandnotched characteristics in WiMAX3.5 GHz and WLAN 5.5 GHz.The size of antenna is 24 mm × 36 mm × 1.6 mm.The simulation results show that waveband range of the antenna is 2.7-10.6 GHz for S11 <-10 dB and the band-notched wavebands are 3.2-3.8 GHz and 5.1-6 GHz.So it has miniaturization,ultra-band and band-notched characteristics.Meanwhile,the radition pattern,directivety and gain are perfect,which meets the practical need.
文摘We investigate the effects of extension and overlap of wavefunctions on the dispersion relations of plasmon modes in symmetric double-quantum-well structures. We compare the approximate results in two-dimensional layer-gas (2DLG) model with the exact ones where the extension and overlap of the wavefunctions are included. Our numerical results show that the 2DLG model is a good approximation only in the wide barrier case in the long wavelength limit. When the barrier is thin, the extension and overlap of the wavefunctions cannot be neglected. We also show that the long wavelength gap of the inter-subband mode is proportional to the energy difference between the ground and the first excited energy levels.
基金The project supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 10347004
文摘We study persistent currents in the double Aharonov-Bohm ring connected to two electron reservoirs by quantum waveguide theory. It is found that the persistent currents in the double Aharonov-Bohm ring depend .on the direction of the current flow from one reservoir to another. When the direction of the current flow reverses, tl2e persistent current in each ring of the double Aharonov-Bohm ring changes. If the two rings are of the same size, the persistent currents in the left and the right rings exchange at the reversal of the current flow direction.
基金The project supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘In this work, we evaluate the lifetimes of the doubly charmed baryons Ξcc^+ ,Ξcc^++, and Ωcc^+. We carefully calculate the non-spectator contributions at the quark level, where the Cabibbo-suppressed diagrams are also included. The hadronic matrix elements are evaluated in the simple non-relativistic harmonic oscillator model. Our numerical results are generally consistent with that obtained by other authors who used the diquark model. However, all the theoretical predictions on the lifetimes are one order larger than the upper limit set by the recent SELEX measurement. This discrepancy would be clarified by the future experiment. If more accurate experiment still confirms the value of the SELEX collaboration, there must be some unknown mechanism to be explored.
基金The project supported by Fok Ying Tung Education Foundation under Grant No. 81008, National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos, 60008003 and 10225421, and Funds from Puzhou University
文摘A scheme is proposed for generating maximally entangled states for two or more three-level atoms. In the scheme the atoms are sent through a two-mode cavity one by one and interact with the two-cavity modes sequentially. The required experimental techniques are within the scope of what can be obtained in the microwave cavity QED setup.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.91021011,10975054,11004069,and 10874050the Doctoral Foundation of the Ministry of Education of China under Grant Nos.200804870051,20100142120081the Innovation Foundation from Huazhong University of Science and Technology under Grant No.2010MS074
文摘The probe absorption-dispersion spectra of a radio-frequency (RF)-driven five-level atom embedded in a photonic crystal are investigated by considering the isotropic double-band photonic-bandogap (PBG) reservoir. In the model used, the two transitions are, respectively, coupled by leading to some curious phenomena. Numerical simulations the upper and lower bands in such a PBG material, thus are performed for the optical spectra. It is found that when one transition frequency is inside the band gap and the other is outside the gap, there emerge three peaks in the absorption spectra. However, for the case that two transition frequencies lie inside or outside the band gap, the spectra display four absorption profiles. Especially, there appear two sharp peaks in the spectra when both transition frequencies exist inside the band gap. The influences of the intensity and frequency of the RF-driven field on the absorptive and dispersive response are analyzed under different band-edge positions. It is found that a transparency window appears in the absorption spectra and is accompanied by a very steep variation of the dispersion profile by adjusting system parameters. These results show that the absorption-dispersion properties of the system depend strongly on the RF-induced quantum interference and the density of states (DOS) of the PBG reservoir.
基金The project supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 10475085 and the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province of China under Grant No. A2005000535
文摘We study the rare radiative dileptonlc decays B^0(Bs)→γe^+e^- (e = e, μ) in the standard model By using the B meson wave function constrained by non-leptonic decays, the branching ratios turn out to be of the order of 10^-9 for Bs→γe^+e^-, γe^+e^-, and 10^-10 for Bs→γe^+e^-, γe^+e^-. Based on the study, these decays are accessible at the near future LHC-b experiment, which are useful to determine the B(B,) wave function.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos. 10575040, 10874050, and 10904033by the National Basic Research Program of China under Grant No. 2005CB724508by the Programme for Talent Introduction of Hubei Normal University under Grant No. 2008F10
文摘An analytical method based on four-wave mixing (FWM) is here developed to study the generation of entangled state in an asymmetric semiconductor double quantum well structure. It is found that the maximally entangled state of two beams (the probe and four-wave mixing beams) can be achieved in an appropriate condition. Moreover, we also show that the two entangled beams propagate with ultraslow group velocity in the semiconductor medium. This investigation can be used for achieving the entangled beams in the semiconductor solid-state medium, which is much more practical than that in an atomic medium because of its flexible design and the wide adjustable parameters.
文摘Photo dissociation dynamics of diatomic molecular ion HBr+ interacting with ultra fast laser pulses of different envelop function has been presented both in zero and non zero temperature environment. The calculations pertain primarily to the ground electronic state of the molecular ion HBr+. The used potential of HBr+ is calibrated with the help of the ab initio theoretical calculation at the CCSD/6-311++G(3df, 2pd) level and then fitted with appropriate Morse parameters. The numerical bound states vibrational eigenvalues obtained by the time independent Fourier Grid Hamiltonian method have been compared with analytical values of the fitted Morse potential. The effect of temperature, pulse envelops function, and light intensity on the dissociation process has been explored.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province under Grant No.2008CDB317
文摘In this paper, we have investigated theoretically the high harmonic generation form helium atom in long wavelength driving regime at 2000 nm through solving time-dependent Schr6dinger equation. By adding a second harmonic pulse (1000 nm) and a UV attosecond pulse (200 nm) to the driving field, an efficient method for picking out and enhancing ionization path to generate high-yield supercontinuum harmonics is realized, and then an isolated sub-100 as pulse with a bandwidth of 190 eV is significantly obtained.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 10474028
文摘We propose a scheme to simultaneously widen and heighten the high-order harmonic plateau on a large scale. More specifically, by adopting a united two-atom system with a suitable inter-nuclear separation instead of a single-atom, the harmonic plateau is widened from Ip + 3.2Up to Ip +8.5Up; further, by adopting the combined pulse, the extended plateau (harmonics near Ip+ 5.6Up) is selectively heightened in excess of 4 orders of magnitude compared with the case of the low-frequency pulse alone. By means of the wavelet transform for the induced dipole of these harmonics, a single x-ray pulse as short as 210 asec is achieved.
基金Project (No. 2006CB303104) supported by the National Basic Re-search Program (973) of China
文摘At low bitrate, all block discrete cosine transform (BDCT) based video coding algorithms suffer from visible blocking and ringing artifacts in the reconstructed images because the quantization is too coarse and high frequency DCT coefficients are inclined to be quantized to zeros. Preprocessing algorithms can enhance coding efficiency and thus reduce the likelihood of blocking artifacts and ringing artifacts generated in the video coding process by applying a low-pass filter before video encoding to remove some relatively insignificant high frequent components. In this paper, we introduce a new adaptive preprocessing algo- rithm, which employs an improved bilateral filter to provide adaptive edge-preserving low-pass filtering which is adjusted ac- cording to the quantization parameters. Whether at low or high bit rate, the preprocessing can provide proper filtering to make the video encoder more efficient and have better reconstructed image quality. Experimental results demonstrate that our proposed preprocessing algorithm can significantly improve both subjective and objective quality.
文摘Some falsehoods of the so-called double-wave theory (DWT) are pointed out. The logic and the origin of the DWT, and three of the four fundamental hypotheses of DWT are criticized. It is expounded that the hypothesis of two wave functions is unreasonable, the hypothesized Hamiltonian differs from the actually used Hamiltonian, and the hypothesized expression of measured values or mean values of mechanical quantities is wrong and does not express the measured values or mean values at all.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Funds for Distinguished Young Scholars of China(61525504)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11574065,11604322,61275115,61378003,61435011 and 61605194)+2 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2016M590570)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(11604322)the Key Programs of the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province of China(ZD201415).
文摘Are quantum states real? This most fundamental question in quantum mechanics has not yet been satisfactorily resolved, although its realistic interpretation seems to have been rejected by various delayedchoice experiments. Here, to address this long-standing issue, we present a quantum twisted double-slit experiment. By exploiting the subluminal feature of twisted photons, the real nature of a photon during its time in flight is revealed for the first time. We found that photons' arrival times were inconsistent with the states obtained in measurements but agreed with the states during propagation. Our results demonstrate that wavefunctions describe the realistic existence and evolution of quantum entities rather than a pure mathematical abstraction providing a probability list of measurement outcomes. This finding clarifies the long-held misunderstanding of the role of wavefunctions and their collapse in the evolution of quantum entities.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Development Plan of Jilin Province(Nos.20150204003GX and 20160519010JH)the Science and Technology Plan of Changchun(No.14KG019)
文摘A dual-band bandpass microwave photonic filter(MPF) based on stimulated Brillouin scattering(SBS) is theoretically analyzed and experimentally demonstrated. Two separated tunable laser sources(TLSs) are employed to generate two passbands by implementing phase modulation to amplitude modulation conversion by using SBS induced sideband amplification. The center frequencies of both passbands can be independently tuned ranging from 1 GHz to 19 GHz. High resolution with 3 d B bandwidth less than 30 MHz and large out-of-band rejection about 40 d B under 25 m W optical pump power are achieved.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos. 10735030 and 11075055Innovative Research Team Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 61021004
文摘In this paper, the bilinear form of a generalized Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation is obtained by applying the binary Bell polynomials. The N-soliton solution and one periodic wave solution are presented by use of the Hirota direct method and the Riemann theta function, respectively. And then the asymptotic analysis demonstrates one periodic wave solution can be reduced to one soliton solution. In the end, the bilinear Backlund transformations are derived.
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.11205002,11475003,21125313"211 project"of Anhui University under Grant No.02303319-33190133
文摘We study the fluctuation-activated transition process in a system of two coupled forced bistable oscillators with a mismatch σ in the force constants. As the coupling strength μ is increased, the transition pathway undergoes four stages changes from a two-step process with two candidate pathways to a mixture of a two-step pathway and a one-step pathway to a one-step process with also two candidate pathways and then to a one-step process with a single pathway.Interestingly, we find that the total transition rate depends nonmonotonically on σ in the weak coupling: a maximal rate appears in an intermediate magnitude of σ. Moreover, the rate also exhibits an unexpected maximum as a function ofμ. The results are in an excellent agreement with our numerical simulations by forward flux sampling.