城区内涝条件下城市公交-地铁双层交通网络的脆弱性分析

为提高城市公共交通应对内涝的能力,利用复杂网络理论的Space-L方法构建了武汉市中心城区的地铁、公交无向加权网络,并在此基础上运用ArcGIS软件构建了不同耦合半径的公交-地铁双层交通网络,确定了连边的权重和节点的重要度,计算了静态下地铁网络、公交网络和不同耦合半径的公交-地铁双层交通网络的介数、平均路径长度和聚类系数等复杂网络特性指标;针对内涝导致的单一站点失效和多站点失效情况,以最大联通子图比例、网络连通率和网络效率为指标进行了故障模拟,分析了节点故障与连边故障对城市公交-地铁双层交通网络脆弱性的影响。结果表明:城市公交-地铁双层交通网络的最大联通子图比例、网络连通率和网络效率3项指标在攻击下的下降程度和下降速率都低于单一地铁网络和公交网络,城市公交-地铁双层交通网络的抗毁性能高于单一交通网络;对比节点故障与连边故障发现,节点故障下网络的脆弱性更大。

出行需求驱动的高速公路路网演化模型

基于复杂网络理论构建高速公路路网演化模型,提出了一种上层模型为加权出行需求网络及下层模型为高速公路网络的双层复杂交通网络模型.设计了双层复杂交通网络的演化准则:①上、下层网络各自演化,出行网络的连接服从强度准则,高速公路路网按照强度驱动连接准则和投资约束机制演化,这些演化准则能避免优先连接准则和效用最大准则的冲突;②上、下层网络相互影响,出行网络的变化通过边权耦合机制影响高速公路网络的演化,高速公路网络的变化影响出行阻抗从而影响着出行网络.以湖南省高速公路网络的演化过程为例,对该模型进行了仿真.仿真结果表明,分析模型是有效的.

Model and algorithm of optimizing alternate traffic restriction scheme in urban traffic network

An optimization model and its solution algorithm for alternate traffic restriction(ATR) schemes were introduced in terms of both the restriction districts and the proportion of restricted automobiles. A bi-level programming model was proposed to model the ATR scheme optimization problem by aiming at consumer surplus maximization and overload flow minimization at the upper-level model. At the lower-level model, elastic demand, mode choice and multi-class user equilibrium assignment were synthetically optimized. A genetic algorithm involving prolonging codes was constructed, demonstrating high computing efficiency in that it dynamically includes newly-appearing overload links in the codes so as to reduce the subsequent searching range. Moreover,practical processing approaches were suggested, which may improve the operability of the model-based solutions.