为提高应急救援下高层建筑人员疏散效率,减少人员伤亡,提出基于BIM的高层建筑应急疏散路径双层决策模型,实现应急疏散路径的最优规划。通过工作集协同模式构建高层建筑主体结构,整合不同的建筑专业模型。通过BIM(Building Information M...为提高应急救援下高层建筑人员疏散效率,减少人员伤亡,提出基于BIM的高层建筑应急疏散路径双层决策模型,实现应急疏散路径的最优规划。通过工作集协同模式构建高层建筑主体结构,整合不同的建筑专业模型。通过BIM(Building Information Modeling)建模软件构建高层建筑三维空间模型,并添加高层建筑基本信息。通过划分高层建筑内部空间网络结点确定应急疏散目标,确定应急疏散过程中的限制因素,基于合理假设条件构建以应急疏散路径最优、应急疏散时间最短的高层建筑应急疏散路径双层决策模型。利用遗传算法求解模型获取应急疏散最优路径和最短时间。实验结果表明:该模型能够规划最优应急疏散路径,缩短应急疏散时间。展开更多
边坡施工方案决策是一个系统性的组合决策,其填料选择、护坡方式、边坡坡率等方面互相作用,不宜进行独立选择。为解决高速公路边坡施工备选方案的组合灵活、方案繁多问题,基于属性层次模型(attribute hierarchy model,AHM)和逼近理想解...边坡施工方案决策是一个系统性的组合决策,其填料选择、护坡方式、边坡坡率等方面互相作用,不宜进行独立选择。为解决高速公路边坡施工备选方案的组合灵活、方案繁多问题,基于属性层次模型(attribute hierarchy model,AHM)和逼近理想解排序法(technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution,TOPSIS)提出双层决策模型,将各个单方案问题纳为整体组合方案考虑,可以得到更加契合实际的决策结果。依托于周口至南阳高速公路项目,建立双层决策模型,从安全性、经济性、环保性等方面出发,优选出最符合工程特征的方案,表明了该方法应用于多组合方案决策问题的有效性。展开更多
In order to carry out comprehensive decision-making of multi-class shared parking measures within a region, a bilevel model assisting decision-making is proposed. The upper level selects parkers＇ average satisfaction...In order to carry out comprehensive decision-making of multi-class shared parking measures within a region, a bilevel model assisting decision-making is proposed. The upper level selects parkers＇ average satisfaction and the violation rate during peak hours as indices in object function, and sets probability distribution models describing dynamic parking demand of each site, the feasibility of shared parking scenarios and occupancy requirements during peak hours of each parking lot as restrictions. The simulation model in the lower level sets up rules to assign each parker in the random parking demand series to the proper parking lot. An iterative method is proposed to confirm the state of each parking lot at the start of formal simulations. Besides, two patterns linking initialization and formal simulation are presented to acquire multiple solutions. The results of the numerical examples indicate the effectiveness of the model and solution methods.展开更多
文摘为提高应急救援下高层建筑人员疏散效率,减少人员伤亡,提出基于BIM的高层建筑应急疏散路径双层决策模型,实现应急疏散路径的最优规划。通过工作集协同模式构建高层建筑主体结构,整合不同的建筑专业模型。通过BIM(Building Information Modeling)建模软件构建高层建筑三维空间模型,并添加高层建筑基本信息。通过划分高层建筑内部空间网络结点确定应急疏散目标,确定应急疏散过程中的限制因素,基于合理假设条件构建以应急疏散路径最优、应急疏散时间最短的高层建筑应急疏散路径双层决策模型。利用遗传算法求解模型获取应急疏散最优路径和最短时间。实验结果表明:该模型能够规划最优应急疏散路径,缩短应急疏散时间。
文摘边坡施工方案决策是一个系统性的组合决策,其填料选择、护坡方式、边坡坡率等方面互相作用,不宜进行独立选择。为解决高速公路边坡施工备选方案的组合灵活、方案繁多问题,基于属性层次模型(attribute hierarchy model,AHM)和逼近理想解排序法(technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution,TOPSIS)提出双层决策模型,将各个单方案问题纳为整体组合方案考虑,可以得到更加契合实际的决策结果。依托于周口至南阳高速公路项目,建立双层决策模型,从安全性、经济性、环保性等方面出发,优选出最符合工程特征的方案,表明了该方法应用于多组合方案决策问题的有效性。
基金The Planning Program of Science and Technology of Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of China (No. 2010-K5-16)
文摘In order to carry out comprehensive decision-making of multi-class shared parking measures within a region, a bilevel model assisting decision-making is proposed. The upper level selects parkers＇ average satisfaction and the violation rate during peak hours as indices in object function, and sets probability distribution models describing dynamic parking demand of each site, the feasibility of shared parking scenarios and occupancy requirements during peak hours of each parking lot as restrictions. The simulation model in the lower level sets up rules to assign each parker in the random parking demand series to the proper parking lot. An iterative method is proposed to confirm the state of each parking lot at the start of formal simulations. Besides, two patterns linking initialization and formal simulation are presented to acquire multiple solutions. The results of the numerical examples indicate the effectiveness of the model and solution methods.
