双斜锥光纤布拉格光栅超声波传感装置

为提高光纤布拉格光栅(FBG)在超声波探测中的灵敏度和复用能力,设计并实现一种基于聚能耦合效应的双斜锥FBG超声波传感装置。首先,利用锥聚能理论与有限元法,分析锥形结构对超声波的聚焦作用。其次,详细讨论双斜锥FBG的结构参数(斜锥锥角、底面直径、高度、倾斜度)对其聚能效果的影响,确定传感装置最优尺寸。最后,制作传感装置并测试其动态特性。结果表明,封装后的双斜锥FBG超声波传感装置在20~130 kHz工作频率范围内可有效提高FBG检测超声波灵敏度。当工作频率增加到50 kHz时,检测幅值提升了约21倍,且传感响应的线性度良好。设计的超声波传感装置可实现双端输出,具有复用性,可应用于钢轨、桥梁等长距离结构的健康监测。

Crashworthiness of double-cell conical tubes with different cross sections subjected to dynamic axial and oblique loads

Thin-walled tubes are increasingly used in automobile industries to improve structural safety.The present work deals with the collapse behavior of double-cell conical tubes subjected to dynamic axial and oblique loads.Crashworthiness of these tubes having different sections(e.g.,circular,square,hexagonal,octagonal,decagonal)was numerically investigated by using an experimentally validated finite element model generated in LS-DYNA.Geometry of these tubes was then optimized by decreasing the cross section dimensions at the distal end while the weight remained unchanged.Octagonal conical tube was finally found to be more preferable to the others as a collision energy absorber.In addition,square and circular tubes showed diamond deformation mode,while the other tubes collapsed in concertina mode.A decision making method called TOPSIS was finally implemented on the numerical results to select the most efficient energy absorber.