The effect of culture media,temperature and humidity on the mycelium growth,spores germination of Metarhizium MS01 strain,a high virulent strain from the soil and the pathogenicity against Anoplophora glabripennis lar...The effect of culture media,temperature and humidity on the mycelium growth,spores germination of Metarhizium MS01 strain,a high virulent strain from the soil and the pathogenicity against Anoplophora glabripennis larvae was tested. The result showed that the optimum culture medium was PPDA,the optimum temperature for the mycelium growth and spore germination was 26 ℃,and A. glabripennis larvae had the highest mortality from the fungus at this temperature. The optimum RH for the mycelium growth ranged from 95%to 100%. The speed and rate of spore germination increased with increasing of RH. The larvae died from the fugus most quickly and the mortality reached the highest under 100% RH.展开更多
【目的】松天牛小首螨是新发现的对松褐天牛卵具有寄生和致死作用的微型螨类,研究阐明其生物学特性,为利用该螨防治松褐天牛提供基础依据。【方法】通过室内饲养、显微观察和控制性试验,研究松天牛小首螨的行为习性、寄生率、发育历期...【目的】松天牛小首螨是新发现的对松褐天牛卵具有寄生和致死作用的微型螨类,研究阐明其生物学特性,为利用该螨防治松褐天牛提供基础依据。【方法】通过室内饲养、显微观察和控制性试验,研究松天牛小首螨的行为习性、寄生率、发育历期、繁殖力和寿命等。【结果】松天牛小首螨属携播螨类,成螨附着在松褐天牛成虫胸腹部,在天牛产卵时沿产卵器爬行到刻槽中寄生天牛卵。该螨营两性生殖,雌成螨寄生天牛卵后腹部膨大形成膨腹体,若螨在母体膨腹体内完成发育,成螨自膨腹体胎生,1个膨腹体通常只产1~2头雄螨,其余均为雌螨。雄成螨先自膨腹体爬出并停留在旁,雌成螨自膨腹体爬出后即寻找雄成螨交尾,交尾过程持续3~6 s。松天牛小首螨对松褐天牛卵的平均寄生率为80.85%,被寄生的松褐天牛卵均干瘪、死亡。温度对该螨发育历期、雌成螨寿命和膨腹体大小均有显著影响,随着温度升高其发育历期和雌成螨寿命均显著缩短。该螨在17℃下的平均发育历期为6.9天,在33℃下为2.2天,其发育起点温度为(10.44±0.09)℃,有效积温为(46.28±0.28)d·℃;雌成螨在15℃下的平均寿命为70.3天,在30℃下为10.7天;雌螨膨腹体体积在21℃下为1.54 mm 3,在17℃下为0.72 mm 3。松天牛小首螨在25℃下平均每雌可产71.2头后代,最少14头,最多139头。该螨繁殖力与母体膨腹体大小呈显著正相关,当膨腹体体积小于1.0 mm 3时,平均每雌可产后代32.2头,但当膨腹体体积大于3.0 mm 3时,则平均每雌可产后代110.9头。【结论】松天牛小首螨对松褐天牛卵的寄生和致死率高,发育速度快、繁殖力强、易于人工扩繁和传播扩散,是极具应用潜能的生物防治因子。展开更多
文摘The effect of culture media,temperature and humidity on the mycelium growth,spores germination of Metarhizium MS01 strain,a high virulent strain from the soil and the pathogenicity against Anoplophora glabripennis larvae was tested. The result showed that the optimum culture medium was PPDA,the optimum temperature for the mycelium growth and spore germination was 26 ℃,and A. glabripennis larvae had the highest mortality from the fungus at this temperature. The optimum RH for the mycelium growth ranged from 95%to 100%. The speed and rate of spore germination increased with increasing of RH. The larvae died from the fugus most quickly and the mortality reached the highest under 100% RH.
文摘【目的】松天牛小首螨是新发现的对松褐天牛卵具有寄生和致死作用的微型螨类,研究阐明其生物学特性,为利用该螨防治松褐天牛提供基础依据。【方法】通过室内饲养、显微观察和控制性试验,研究松天牛小首螨的行为习性、寄生率、发育历期、繁殖力和寿命等。【结果】松天牛小首螨属携播螨类,成螨附着在松褐天牛成虫胸腹部,在天牛产卵时沿产卵器爬行到刻槽中寄生天牛卵。该螨营两性生殖,雌成螨寄生天牛卵后腹部膨大形成膨腹体,若螨在母体膨腹体内完成发育,成螨自膨腹体胎生,1个膨腹体通常只产1~2头雄螨,其余均为雌螨。雄成螨先自膨腹体爬出并停留在旁,雌成螨自膨腹体爬出后即寻找雄成螨交尾,交尾过程持续3~6 s。松天牛小首螨对松褐天牛卵的平均寄生率为80.85%,被寄生的松褐天牛卵均干瘪、死亡。温度对该螨发育历期、雌成螨寿命和膨腹体大小均有显著影响,随着温度升高其发育历期和雌成螨寿命均显著缩短。该螨在17℃下的平均发育历期为6.9天,在33℃下为2.2天,其发育起点温度为(10.44±0.09)℃,有效积温为(46.28±0.28)d·℃;雌成螨在15℃下的平均寿命为70.3天,在30℃下为10.7天;雌螨膨腹体体积在21℃下为1.54 mm 3,在17℃下为0.72 mm 3。松天牛小首螨在25℃下平均每雌可产71.2头后代,最少14头,最多139头。该螨繁殖力与母体膨腹体大小呈显著正相关,当膨腹体体积小于1.0 mm 3时,平均每雌可产后代32.2头,但当膨腹体体积大于3.0 mm 3时,则平均每雌可产后代110.9头。【结论】松天牛小首螨对松褐天牛卵的寄生和致死率高,发育速度快、繁殖力强、易于人工扩繁和传播扩散,是极具应用潜能的生物防治因子。
