Partially modified Bt Cry1Ac gene and the arrowhead proteinase inhibitor (API) gene were used to construct a plant transformation vector pBtiA and this construct was transferred into the genome of the hybrid popla...Partially modified Bt Cry1Ac gene and the arrowhead proteinase inhibitor (API) gene were used to construct a plant transformation vector pBtiA and this construct was transferred into the genome of the hybrid poplar 741 [ Populus alba L.×( P. davidiana Dode+ P. simonii Carr.)× P. tomentosa Carr.] by Agrobacterium _ mediated transformation. Ten kanamycin resistant plants have been regenerated. Upon insect bioassay using Clostera anachoreta (Fabricius), three of the examined plants were demonstrated to be highly resistant to the testing insects. The mortality of insect larvae on one plant was higher than 90% in 6 days after infestation and the growth of the survival larvae were seriously inhibited. Results of PCR and Southern blot analysis indicated that both Bt Cry1Ac gene and API gene were integrated as a single copy into the genomes of these three plants when Cry1Ac gene fragment was used as the probe. Protein dot blot immunoassay and ELISA analysis revealed that at least the Cry1Ac protein was produced in these three transgenic plants and the expression levels were estimated to be approximately 0.015% of the leaf total soluble protein. This is the first report on insect resistant transgenic hybrid poplar 741 that expresses two insecticidal protein genes.展开更多
Phlebotomine sandflies （Diptera： Psychodidae） constitute a large group of flies, many of which have been described as vectors of leishmaniasis, a disease caused by Leishmania （Kinetoplastida： Trypanosomatidae） p...Phlebotomine sandflies （Diptera： Psychodidae） constitute a large group of flies, many of which have been described as vectors of leishmaniasis, a disease caused by Leishmania （Kinetoplastida： Trypanosomatidae） parasites. In Tunisia, a total of 17 species belonging to both genera Phlebotomus and Sergentomyia were described. In this work we report on an abnormality found in spermathecae of a female specimen ofPhlebotomus （Larroussius） longicuspis Nitzulescu, 1930. Sandflies were collected in SidiSaad locality, in the govemorate of Kairouan, central Tunisia, where zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis is endemic, during the June to November 2011 period, using CDC light traps. Males were washed and directly identified and females were dissected and morphologically identified using the head and the last two abdominal segments containing spermathecae and ducts. 162 flies were morphologically described. Among 33 females identified as Phlebotomus （Larroussius） longicuspis, one specimen was found abnormal and presented with three spermathecae. An additional spermathecae located in a short bifurcation on the upper extremity of one duct was found. This anomaly is for the first time described in Tunisia. Morphological abnormalities are important to report in order to avoid erroneous sandfly identification or description of new species.展开更多
The Kumtag Desert, the fourth largest sand desert covered mainly by mobile dunes and shifting sands, had remained as the last untouched natural desert to be fully investigated in a scientific way. Therefore,＂Integrat...The Kumtag Desert, the fourth largest sand desert covered mainly by mobile dunes and shifting sands, had remained as the last untouched natural desert to be fully investigated in a scientific way. Therefore,＂Integrated Scientific Expedition of the Kumtag Desert Programme＂was listed as one of nine key research programmes of China National Science and Technology Basic Research Programmes in December, 2006. The expedition team carried out two large-scale and multidisciplinary scientific expeditions from June 2007 to December 2009, to the Kumtag Desert and collected more than 20 sets of field samples and ground observations. Finally, the expedition team completed not only systematic and integrated scientific expedition of the Kumtag Desert and filled in the gap of the last unexplored desert in China, but also gained fruitful research results in many scientific research subjects. These research results included that：（i） A unique aeolian landform unit, sand-gravel-moraine, developed in the Kumtag Desert, was defined and named for the first time, and the morphologic characteristics of feather-like longitudinal sand dune and its formation process are initially proved;（ii） Two sources and mineral element composition of the surface sedimentation of the Kumtag Desert was determined, and the characteristics of the desert sedimentation and stratum chronology of the Later Cenozoic Era was illustrated;（iii） The chronology of the paleo-aeolian sand was essentially determined and the formation courses and evolution process of the desert was illustrated;（iv） The thorough investigations of water system distribution, hydrology,chemical characteristics of water of the Kumtag Desert were made and six Water System Evolution Maps of the Kumtag Desert were compiled from the Later Cenozoic Era to the contemporary age;（v） The types, formation processes and distribution of soil in the Kumtag Desert were fully determined;（vi）An all-direction, all-weather, full-coverage desert meteorology observation was established and the characteristics and trend of climate change of the Kumtag Desert and nearby districts were adequately illustrated;（vii） It is the first time that the distribution areas of six plant species, including Tamarix taklamakanensis, Tamarix albiflonum, Agriophyllum lateriflorum etc., were catalogued in the Desert;（viii） The varieties, population, quantity and distribution of the wild animal such as the Bactrian Camel （Camelus ferus Przewalski）, are now documented;And （ix） it is the first time that the ecological services and economic function subdivision zones of the Kumtag Desert were classified;the Framework of the Great Dunhuang Special Ecological-Economic Zone was proposed to realize the sustainable development strategy in population, resources, environment, ecology and economics in the Kumtag Desert and nearby districts.展开更多
基金ThePresidentialFoundationofTheChineseAcademyofSciences NaturalScienceFoundationofHebeiProvince China
文摘Partially modified Bt Cry1Ac gene and the arrowhead proteinase inhibitor (API) gene were used to construct a plant transformation vector pBtiA and this construct was transferred into the genome of the hybrid poplar 741 [ Populus alba L.×( P. davidiana Dode+ P. simonii Carr.)× P. tomentosa Carr.] by Agrobacterium _ mediated transformation. Ten kanamycin resistant plants have been regenerated. Upon insect bioassay using Clostera anachoreta (Fabricius), three of the examined plants were demonstrated to be highly resistant to the testing insects. The mortality of insect larvae on one plant was higher than 90% in 6 days after infestation and the growth of the survival larvae were seriously inhibited. Results of PCR and Southern blot analysis indicated that both Bt Cry1Ac gene and API gene were integrated as a single copy into the genomes of these three plants when Cry1Ac gene fragment was used as the probe. Protein dot blot immunoassay and ELISA analysis revealed that at least the Cry1Ac protein was produced in these three transgenic plants and the expression levels were estimated to be approximately 0.015% of the leaf total soluble protein. This is the first report on insect resistant transgenic hybrid poplar 741 that expresses two insecticidal protein genes.
文摘Phlebotomine sandflies （Diptera： Psychodidae） constitute a large group of flies, many of which have been described as vectors of leishmaniasis, a disease caused by Leishmania （Kinetoplastida： Trypanosomatidae） parasites. In Tunisia, a total of 17 species belonging to both genera Phlebotomus and Sergentomyia were described. In this work we report on an abnormality found in spermathecae of a female specimen ofPhlebotomus （Larroussius） longicuspis Nitzulescu, 1930. Sandflies were collected in SidiSaad locality, in the govemorate of Kairouan, central Tunisia, where zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis is endemic, during the June to November 2011 period, using CDC light traps. Males were washed and directly identified and females were dissected and morphologically identified using the head and the last two abdominal segments containing spermathecae and ducts. 162 flies were morphologically described. Among 33 females identified as Phlebotomus （Larroussius） longicuspis, one specimen was found abnormal and presented with three spermathecae. An additional spermathecae located in a short bifurcation on the upper extremity of one duct was found. This anomaly is for the first time described in Tunisia. Morphological abnormalities are important to report in order to avoid erroneous sandfly identification or description of new species.
基金China National Science and Technology Infrastructure Programme(2006FY110800)Academician Consulting Project of Chinese Academy of SciencesCentral Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund(CAFYBB2010001-03)
文摘The Kumtag Desert, the fourth largest sand desert covered mainly by mobile dunes and shifting sands, had remained as the last untouched natural desert to be fully investigated in a scientific way. Therefore,＂Integrated Scientific Expedition of the Kumtag Desert Programme＂was listed as one of nine key research programmes of China National Science and Technology Basic Research Programmes in December, 2006. The expedition team carried out two large-scale and multidisciplinary scientific expeditions from June 2007 to December 2009, to the Kumtag Desert and collected more than 20 sets of field samples and ground observations. Finally, the expedition team completed not only systematic and integrated scientific expedition of the Kumtag Desert and filled in the gap of the last unexplored desert in China, but also gained fruitful research results in many scientific research subjects. These research results included that：（i） A unique aeolian landform unit, sand-gravel-moraine, developed in the Kumtag Desert, was defined and named for the first time, and the morphologic characteristics of feather-like longitudinal sand dune and its formation process are initially proved;（ii） Two sources and mineral element composition of the surface sedimentation of the Kumtag Desert was determined, and the characteristics of the desert sedimentation and stratum chronology of the Later Cenozoic Era was illustrated;（iii） The chronology of the paleo-aeolian sand was essentially determined and the formation courses and evolution process of the desert was illustrated;（iv） The thorough investigations of water system distribution, hydrology,chemical characteristics of water of the Kumtag Desert were made and six Water System Evolution Maps of the Kumtag Desert were compiled from the Later Cenozoic Era to the contemporary age;（v） The types, formation processes and distribution of soil in the Kumtag Desert were fully determined;（vi）An all-direction, all-weather, full-coverage desert meteorology observation was established and the characteristics and trend of climate change of the Kumtag Desert and nearby districts were adequately illustrated;（vii） It is the first time that the distribution areas of six plant species, including Tamarix taklamakanensis, Tamarix albiflonum, Agriophyllum lateriflorum etc., were catalogued in the Desert;（viii） The varieties, population, quantity and distribution of the wild animal such as the Bactrian Camel （Camelus ferus Przewalski）, are now documented;And （ix） it is the first time that the ecological services and economic function subdivision zones of the Kumtag Desert were classified;the Framework of the Great Dunhuang Special Ecological-Economic Zone was proposed to realize the sustainable development strategy in population, resources, environment, ecology and economics in the Kumtag Desert and nearby districts.
