LED不同反光及照光方式对非洲菊组培苗生长的影响

以非洲菊为试验材料,研究不同LED反光及照光方式对非洲菊组培苗形态和生理特性的影响,以期为非洲菊工厂化育苗提供技术支撑和理论支持。结果表明:8种反光及照光方式处理(不同光源倾斜角度+不同结构反光膜+纳米导光板:76.39°+M形+纳米导光板、79.89°+M形+纳米导光板、82.59°+凸形+纳米导光板、86.87°+拱形+纳米导光板、69.77°+平面形+纳米导光板、90°+平面形+纳米导光板、180°+纳米导光板、180°)中,处理1—4的株高、叶数、叶幅、整株鲜质量、地上部鲜质量、地下部鲜质量、整株干质量、地上部干质量、地下部干质量、可溶性蛋白含量等指标随照光光源倾斜角度的增加整体呈现先升后降的趋势,而叶长、最长根长、地上部干物率、地下部干物率、总干物率、叶片下表皮气孔大小、气孔面积、根系活力整体呈先降后升或降低趋势。其中,处理4(86.87°+拱形+纳米导光板)的气孔密度、气孔大小、气孔面积、叶绿素含量等光合相关指标整体较优;处理1(76.39°+M形+纳米导光板)的最长根长、根系活力、地下部干物率和总干物率等指标整体较优。综上可知,处理4有利于非洲菊组培苗的光合作用,可促进其地上部茎叶生长;而处理1则利于其根系生长发育和干物质积累。

LED不同照光方式对百合组培苗生长的影响

以‘索尔邦’百合为试材,采用不同倾斜角度的LED侧向照光和顶部照光2种照光方式,结合不同造型曲面反光膜和平面反光膜,研究8种不同组合LED照光方式对百合组培苗生长的影响,以期为百合组培及工厂化育苗提供参考依据。结果表明:8种处理中,LED不同照光方式处理的百合组培苗,其形态和生理指标整体优于对照处理。其中,采用倾斜69.77°侧向照光方式和平面反光膜的处理5更有利于百合组培苗茎叶的生长,其在叶幅、地上鲜质量、地上干质量、叶绿素b含量、叶绿素总含量等方面高于其它处理;而在根系发育方面,采用倾斜79.89°侧向照光方式和曲面反光膜的处理2百合组培苗整体优于其它处理,其根数、根鲜质量、根干质量、根系活力等多个指标显著高于其它处理。因此,采用倾斜69.77°侧向照光方式和平面反光膜的处理5在促进百合组培苗茎叶生长方面效果最佳,采用倾斜79.89°侧向照光方式和曲面反光膜的处理2有利于百合组培苗根系生长。

Modeling of C^3I system in laser countermeasure weapon system

With the spectrum extended in modem Electronic War, Laser Countermeasure Weapon will be requested in order to snatch up and keep the Electromagnetism-Power in war field. If Command, Control, Communications and Intelligence called Double-Army-Power-Implement is applied to general design of Laser Countermeasure Weapon System, the efficiency of Weapon System can be greatly improved. The Object-Oriented analysis and design approach based on UML for C^3I system architecture was put forward, by which logical： archi- tecture described by class diagrams and behavior diagrams can be developed through Object-Oriented analysis, and physical architecture described by component diagrams and deployment diagrams can be developed through Object-Oriented design. The framework Of Modeling based UML was firstly set forth, the high process of Command, Control, Intelligence, Surveillance, Reeo.nnaissance and UML Architecture was utilized. , Then the Modeling process was particularly discussed through following the core ideology and basic principle of RUP （ Rational Unified Process）. Next, a series of diagrams of UML diagram which include Activity diagrams, Use Case diagrams, Sequence diagrams, Package diagrams and Class diagrams of system analysis, Component dia- grams, and Deployment diagrams of system design are illustrated in the process of Modeling of C^3I system software. Lastly, some problems that should be noticed in the Modeling process, merit and demerit of model, next works were also put forward.

Estimation of As and Cu Contamination in Agricultural Soils Around a Mining Area by Reflectance Spectroscopy:A Case Study

Concentrations of Iron (Fe), As, and Cu in soil samples from the fields near the Baoshan Mine in Hunan Province, China, were analyzed and soil spectral reflectance was measured with an ASD FieldSpec FR spectroradiometer (Analytical Spectral Devices, Inc., USA) under laboratory condition. Partial least square regression (PLSR) models were constructed for predicting soil metal concentrations. The data pre-processing methods, first and second derivatives (FD and SD), baseline correction (BC), standard normal variate (SNV), multiplicative scatter correction (MSC), and continuum removal (CR), were used for the spectral reflectance data pretreatments. Then, the prediction results were evaluated by relative root mean square error (RRMSE) and coefficients of determination (R 2 ). According to the criteria of minimal RRMSE and maximal R 2 , the PLSR models with the FD pretreatment (RRMSE = 0.24, R 2 = 0.61), SNV pretreatment (RRMSE = 0.08, R 2 = 0.78), and BC-pretreatment (RRMSE = 0.20, R 2 = 0.41) were considered as the final models for predicting As, Fe, and Cu, respectively. Wavebands at around 460, 1 400, 1 900, and 2 200 nm were selected as important spectral variables to construct final models. In conclusion, concentrations of heavy metals in contaminated soils could be indirectly assessed by soil spectra according to the correlation between the spectrally featureless components and Fe; therefore, spectral reflectance would be an alternative tool for monitoring soil heavy metals contamination.

A Novel Multi-Tube Photoreactor with UV Light and Immobilized TiO_2 Thin Film for Water Treatment

A novel multi-tube photoreactor with 0.0188m3 valid reaction volume was constructed in pilot-scale. This rectangular reactor consisted of 13 regularly distributed silica glass tubes coating with TiO2 thin film photo-catalyst. Total active area of TiO2 thin film is 0.3916m2. The ratio of surface area to volume achieves 20.8m-1. Photocatalytic experiment of phenol red demonstrates that the apparent reaction rate constant (k) is 0.074 65 h-1 and 0.16502h-1 for reaction system with and without micro-bubbles mixing. The corresponding apparent quantum efficiency (a) is 8.1771 X 10-7g.J-1 and 4.9036 x 10-7g-J-1, respectively. COD value of reactant could decrease to 17mg.L-1 and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) only shows two absorption peaks in 24 h pho-tocatalytic process time, so this photoreactor has good photomineralization effect. Experimental results reveal that photocatalytic destruction of organics is possible by using the multi-tube photoreactor.

A method of key positioning based on laser virtual keyboard

The paper puts forward a method of virtual keyboard key positioning based on infrared laser reflection and image processing technology. In this paper, the positioning principle is introduced first. And the experimental system is established based on image acquisition, image transformation, threshold selection and binarization processing and identification of key placement. Tested in the indoor environment, the method can achieve characters input efficiently and accurately. And the key positioning has high accuracy, validity and reliability. So the method which has a high practical value provides a good theoretical basis for design of virtual keyboard application.

Three-dimensional tracking of GLUT4 vesicles in TIRF microscopy

TIRF microscopy has provided a means to view mobile granules within 100 nm in size in two dimensions.However quantitative analysis of the position and motion of those granules requires an appropriate tracking method.In this paper,we present a new tracking algorithm combined with the unique features of TIRF.Firstly a fluorescence correction procedure was processed to solve the problem of fluorescence bleaching over time.Mobile granules were then segmented from a time-lapse image stack by an adaptive background subtraction method.Kalman filter was introduced to estimate and track the granules that allowed reducing searching range and hence greater reliability in tracking process.After the tracked granules were located in x-y plane,the z-position was indirectly inferred from the changes in their intensities.In the experiments the algorithm was applied in tracking GLUT4 vesicles in living adipose cells.The results indicate that the algorithm has achieved robust estimation and tracking of the vesicles in three dimensions.

A system combining microbial fuel cell with photobioreactor for continuous domestic wastewater treatment and bioelectricity generation

A coupled system consisting of an upflow membrane-less microbial fuel cell (upflow ML-MFC) and a photobioreactor was developed, and its effectiveness for continuous wastewater treatment and electricity production was evaluated. Wastewater was fed to the upflow ML-MFC to remove chemical oxygen demand (COD), phosphorus and nitrogen with simultaneous electricity generation. The effluent from the cathode compartment of the upflow ML-MFC was then continuously fed to an external photobioreactor for removing the remaining phosphorus and nitrogen using microalgae. Alone, the upflow ML-MFC produces a maximum power density of 481 mW/m 3 , and obtains 77.9% COD, 23.5% total phosphorus (TP) and 97.6% NH4+-N removals. When combined with the photobioreactor, the system achieves 99.3% TP and 99.0% NH4+-N total removal. These results show both the effectiveness and the potential application of the coupled system to continuously treat domestic wastewater and simultaneously generate electricity and biomass.

Dyestuff wastewater treatment by combined SDS-CuO/TiO_2 photocatalysis and sequencing batch reactor

Combined technology of SDS-CuO/TiO2 photocatalysis and sequencing batch reactor （SBR） were applied to treating dyestuff wastewater. Photocatalysis was carried out in a spiral up-flow type reactor as pre-treatment. SDS-CuO/TiO2 photocatalyst was prepared by modification of nano-TiO2 using CuO and sodium dodecyl sulfate （SDS）. Results show that the SDS-CuO/TiO2 photocatalyst contains two kinds of crystals, including TiO2 and CuO. The band gap of this photocatalyst is 1.56 eV, indicating that it can be excited by visible light （2〈794.87 nm）. And characterization also shows that there are alkyl groups on its surface. It takes 40 rain to improve the biodegradability of dyestuff wastewater. Five-day biochemical oxygen demand （BODs） and dehydrogenase activity （DHA） of wastewater reach the maximum value when dissolved oxygen is higher than 2.97 mg/L. SBR reactor was used to treat this biodegradability improved wastewater. Chemical oxygen demand （COD） and colority decline to 72 mg/L and 20 times, respectively, when the sludge loading is 0.179 kg（COD）/[kg（MLSS）＇d], dissolved oxygen is 4.09 mg/L and aeration time is 10 h.

On-site variety discrimination of tomato plant using visible-near infrared reflectance spectroscopy

The use of visible-near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy was explored as a tool to discriminate two new tomato plant varieties in China (Zheza205 and Zheza207). In this study, 82 top-canopy leaves of Zheza205 and 86 top-canopy leaves of Zheza207 were measured in visible-NIR reflectance mode. Discriminant models were developed using principal component analysis (PCA), discriminant analysis (DA), and discriminant partial least squares (DPLS) regression methods. After outliers detection, the samples were randomly split into two sets, one used as a calibration set (n=82) and the remaining samples as a validation set (n=82). When predicting the variety of the samples in validation set, the classification correctness of the DPLS model after optimizing spectral pretreatment was up to 93%. The DPLS model with raw spectra after multiplicative scatter cor- rection and Savitzky-Golay filter smoothing pretreatments had the best satisfactory calibration and prediction abilities (correlation coefficient of calibration (Rc)=0.920, root mean square errors of calibration=0.196, and root mean square errors of predic- tion=0.216). The results show that visible-NIR spectroscopy might be a suitable alternative tool to discriminate tomato plant varieties on-site.