走出困惑——高校课堂教学的反向研究之一

人才培养是高等教育的根本任务 ,高校课堂教学则是人才培养的主要渠道。长期以来 ,人们总习惯从规范的、理想的角度对高校课堂教学进行研究 ,在此 ,笔者“反其道而行之” ,对高校课堂教学展开了反向研究———病理研究。高校课堂教学的主要病理性症状有 :教学目标的偏离、教学方法的失当、教学内容的漂离、师生关系的异化。

医学的反向研究

现代医学研究和实践向技术化发展、向微观领域深入,带来专业过度分化、专科过度细化和医学知识碎片化的问题。本文列举了上述问题在基础研究、临床实践和药品应用等领域的典型表现,并深入分析了其潜在原因,提出了反向医学研究的新思路。

仿制药开发中晶型反向研究策略探讨

以药物制剂中活性成分的载药量和辅料的干扰情况为依据,对原研药中原料药的晶型反向研究进行分类,并以实例分别探讨了各类型原研药的晶型反向研究策略,旨在为国内仿制药研发及质量与疗效一致性评价提供参考。

TILLING技术及其在农作物中的应用现状

TILLING技术是一种全新的反向遗传学研究方法。文章简要介绍了TILLING技术的原理、操作流程、技术要点及其特点,并总结了TILLING技术在麦类、玉米及水稻研究中的应用现状。

Gas-Liquid Two-Phase Axial Backmixing Through Structured Packing at Elevated Pressure

An experimental study of the extent of axial backmixing in both gas and liquid phases was conducted in a 150 mm ID column packed with Mellapak 250Y corrugated structured packing. The column was operated at pressures ranging from 0.3 MPa to 2.0MPa with nitrogen and water flowing countercurrently through the packing. The amount of axial backmixing was experimentally evaluated by the pulse response techniques using hydrogen in gas phase and an aqueous solution of NaCl in liquid phase as inert tracers. The response of the tracer was monitored by means of thermal conductivity in the gas phase and electrical conductance in the liquid phase. The experimentally determined residence time distribution (RTD) curves were interpreted in terms of the diffusion-type modei. The results indicated that the axial backmixing in the gas increased notably with gas flowrate and slightly with operating pressure and liquid flowrate. The liquid-phase axial backmixing was an increasing function of both gas and liquid flowrates and insensitive to pressure. Various correlations were developed for reproducing the experimental mixing data. The agreement between experimental and correlated data appeared to be acceptable and within ±20% of difference.

Runaway Criterion in Fixed Bed Catalytic Reactors with Radial Temperature Profile

The discrepancy between pseudo-homogeneous one-dimensional model and pseudo-homogeneous two-dimensional model is studied. It is found that there are great differences between two models. This paper compares the maximum and minimum values of the radial temperature in the hot spot in case that a single exothermic reaction is carried out, a correlation is obtained with pseudo-homogeneous one-dimensional model to describe the entire reactor behavior. A new runaway criterion, based on the occurrence of inflection in the hot spot locus, is developed for the case of pseudo-homogeneous two-dimensional model. This criterion predicts the maximum allowable temperature for safe operation and the regions of runaway, respectively. The calculated results show that, compared with the results based on pseudo-homogeneous one-dimensional model, runaway will easily occur when the radial temperature gradient has to be considered.

人hMPV最新研究进展

人偏肺病毒(hMPV)是近年来发现的一种呼吸道病毒,病毒从症状与呼吸道合胞病毒(hRSV)感染相似的患儿的鼻咽部分泌物中分离出来,常见于儿科患者,成人和免疫力低下的个体也可以受到感染。hMPV感染可引起儿童严重的细支气管炎和肺炎,其症状与呼吸道合胞病毒感染难以区分。有关呼吸道病毒的研究众多,对于引起急性呼吸道感染的一些常见病原体,已经有了一定的认识和了解。然而,关于hMPV的研究却始终难以深入,特别是对它的分子发病机制及对其不同治疗方式的有效性评估还知之甚少。本文就h MPV的分子病毒学、流行病学、临床特征、实验室检查及治疗和控制策略做一概述,旨在为实验室和临床提供参考。

疫后医学发展的思考——中华中医药学会中医体质分会第十八次学术年会讲话

1研究体质要回归生命的本质从基因到表型,基因决定了生命的功能、人体的机能,包括发生的疾病,但从RNA到蛋白质到调控,中间有很多很多故事。王琦老师的体质学说,我对体质的"质"的理解有3个层面,第一个是物质的"质",第二个是质量的"质",还有一个是本质的"质",生命的本质。无论是西医还是中医,都应该研究生命的本质。中医的阴阳图,不仅仅只有平面层次上下的转动、左右的转动,还有立体的前后的转动。