目的探讨每搏量变异度(SVV)在评估心功能不全患者和正常心功能患者中对容量负荷的反应能力有无差异。方法采用前瞻性研究方法,纳入首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院2015年1月至2016年5月择期行非停跳冠状动脉旁路移植术(CABG)的患者27例,...目的探讨每搏量变异度(SVV)在评估心功能不全患者和正常心功能患者中对容量负荷的反应能力有无差异。方法采用前瞻性研究方法,纳入首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院2015年1月至2016年5月择期行非停跳冠状动脉旁路移植术(CABG)的患者27例,腰椎管狭窄椎弓根钉内固定术患者25例,设为心功能异常组(A组)和心功能正常组(B组)。常规麻醉诱导后20 min连续恒速输注500 ml 6%羟乙基淀粉130/0.4氯化钠注射,观察记录输注液体前后SVV、每搏量(SV)、基于动脉压力波形的心排血量(APCO)、心率(HR)、平均动脉血压(MAP)。由Flo Trac/Vigileo系统计算获得容量负荷前后SV差值(△SV)≥10%为容量负荷后有反应,反之为无反应。结果容量负荷前后A组SVV及B组HR、SV、SVV比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);A组HR、MAP、APCO、SV前后比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);B组MAP、APCO前后比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组反应性为:A组有反应者10例,无反应者17例;B组分别有反应者20例,无反应者5例。A组SVV基础值、△SVV(SVV变化值)与△SV(容量负荷前后SV差值)相关系数分别为:r1=0.436、r2=-0.542;B组的SVV基础值、△SVV与△SV的相关系数为:r1=0.454、r2=0.497;SVV基础值和△SVV与△SV存在直线负相关,两组回归直线差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论每搏量变异度可以预测容量负荷反应能力,在心功能异常和心功能正常患者间无显著差异,均能及时、有效地指导容量治疗。展开更多
Combined technology of SDS-CuO/TiO2 photocatalysis and sequencing batch reactor （SBR） were applied to treating dyestuff wastewater. Photocatalysis was carried out in a spiral up-flow type reactor as pre-treatment. S...Combined technology of SDS-CuO/TiO2 photocatalysis and sequencing batch reactor （SBR） were applied to treating dyestuff wastewater. Photocatalysis was carried out in a spiral up-flow type reactor as pre-treatment. SDS-CuO/TiO2 photocatalyst was prepared by modification of nano-TiO2 using CuO and sodium dodecyl sulfate （SDS）. Results show that the SDS-CuO/TiO2 photocatalyst contains two kinds of crystals, including TiO2 and CuO. The band gap of this photocatalyst is 1.56 eV, indicating that it can be excited by visible light （2〈794.87 nm）. And characterization also shows that there are alkyl groups on its surface. It takes 40 rain to improve the biodegradability of dyestuff wastewater. Five-day biochemical oxygen demand （BODs） and dehydrogenase activity （DHA） of wastewater reach the maximum value when dissolved oxygen is higher than 2.97 mg/L. SBR reactor was used to treat this biodegradability improved wastewater. Chemical oxygen demand （COD） and colority decline to 72 mg/L and 20 times, respectively, when the sludge loading is 0.179 kg（COD）/[kg（MLSS）＇d], dissolved oxygen is 4.09 mg/L and aeration time is 10 h.展开更多
An empirical model for COD removal in a biological aerated filter （BAF） in the presence of 2,4,6-trinitrophenol （TNP） was developed, which related effluent COD to influent COD or hydraulic loading rate along the b...An empirical model for COD removal in a biological aerated filter （BAF） in the presence of 2,4,6-trinitrophenol （TNP） was developed, which related effluent COD to influent COD or hydraulic loading rate along the bed height. The overall reaction rate for substrate biodegradation could be described as pseudo first order. The experimental data of COD removal against reactor height were used to calculate the parameters in the empirical model. The COD concentration at different reactor height was expressed as a function of influent COD concentration and hydraulic loading rate, ln（C0/C）=0.124H/QC0^0.77 and ln（C/C0）=-5.63H/L^0.94, respectively, under the experimental condition. The models may be used to predict the COD removal profiles along the reactor height at different hydraulic loading rates and influent COD concentration for design, selection and sizing of BAF.展开更多
Laboratory experiments were conducted to investigate the transformation and performance of a granular sequence batch reactor(SBR) under the conventional organic loading rate(OLR) condition.Aerobic granules were succes...Laboratory experiments were conducted to investigate the transformation and performance of a granular sequence batch reactor(SBR) under the conventional organic loading rate(OLR) condition.Aerobic granules were successfully cultivated in a SBR by means of alternative feeding load combined with reducing settling time after 60 d operational period.Subsequently,the black fungal granules were presented in reactor because of the filamentous overgrowth on the surface of aerobic granules.A small amount of fungal granules had no effect on the performance of granular SBR.Aerobic granules completely vanished and fungal granules eventually became the dominant species in subsequent 90 d operation after granulation.The three-dimensional excitation emission matrix(EEM) spectra result shows that the extracellular polymeric substances(EPS) component in both granules has no much difference,whereas the content of EPS in fungal granules is higher than that in bacterial granules.Due to their low bioactivity,the chemical oxidation demand(COD) and NH4-N removal efficiencies gradually decrease from 90.4%–96.5% and 99.5% to 71.8% and 32.9% respectively while the fungal granules become dominant in the SBR.展开更多
文摘目的探讨每搏量变异度(SVV)在评估心功能不全患者和正常心功能患者中对容量负荷的反应能力有无差异。方法采用前瞻性研究方法,纳入首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院2015年1月至2016年5月择期行非停跳冠状动脉旁路移植术(CABG)的患者27例,腰椎管狭窄椎弓根钉内固定术患者25例,设为心功能异常组(A组)和心功能正常组(B组)。常规麻醉诱导后20 min连续恒速输注500 ml 6%羟乙基淀粉130/0.4氯化钠注射,观察记录输注液体前后SVV、每搏量(SV)、基于动脉压力波形的心排血量(APCO)、心率(HR)、平均动脉血压(MAP)。由Flo Trac/Vigileo系统计算获得容量负荷前后SV差值(△SV)≥10%为容量负荷后有反应,反之为无反应。结果容量负荷前后A组SVV及B组HR、SV、SVV比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);A组HR、MAP、APCO、SV前后比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);B组MAP、APCO前后比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组反应性为:A组有反应者10例,无反应者17例;B组分别有反应者20例,无反应者5例。A组SVV基础值、△SVV(SVV变化值)与△SV(容量负荷前后SV差值)相关系数分别为:r1=0.436、r2=-0.542;B组的SVV基础值、△SVV与△SV的相关系数为:r1=0.454、r2=0.497;SVV基础值和△SVV与△SV存在直线负相关,两组回归直线差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论每搏量变异度可以预测容量负荷反应能力,在心功能异常和心功能正常患者间无显著差异,均能及时、有效地指导容量治疗。
基金Project(CDJZR11210009) supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China
文摘Combined technology of SDS-CuO/TiO2 photocatalysis and sequencing batch reactor （SBR） were applied to treating dyestuff wastewater. Photocatalysis was carried out in a spiral up-flow type reactor as pre-treatment. SDS-CuO/TiO2 photocatalyst was prepared by modification of nano-TiO2 using CuO and sodium dodecyl sulfate （SDS）. Results show that the SDS-CuO/TiO2 photocatalyst contains two kinds of crystals, including TiO2 and CuO. The band gap of this photocatalyst is 1.56 eV, indicating that it can be excited by visible light （2〈794.87 nm）. And characterization also shows that there are alkyl groups on its surface. It takes 40 rain to improve the biodegradability of dyestuff wastewater. Five-day biochemical oxygen demand （BODs） and dehydrogenase activity （DHA） of wastewater reach the maximum value when dissolved oxygen is higher than 2.97 mg/L. SBR reactor was used to treat this biodegradability improved wastewater. Chemical oxygen demand （COD） and colority decline to 72 mg/L and 20 times, respectively, when the sludge loading is 0.179 kg（COD）/[kg（MLSS）＇d], dissolved oxygen is 4.09 mg/L and aeration time is 10 h.
基金Supported by Innovation Grant for Graduate of Jiangsu Province (AD20246)
文摘An empirical model for COD removal in a biological aerated filter （BAF） in the presence of 2,4,6-trinitrophenol （TNP） was developed, which related effluent COD to influent COD or hydraulic loading rate along the bed height. The overall reaction rate for substrate biodegradation could be described as pseudo first order. The experimental data of COD removal against reactor height were used to calculate the parameters in the empirical model. The COD concentration at different reactor height was expressed as a function of influent COD concentration and hydraulic loading rate, ln（C0/C）=0.124H/QC0^0.77 and ln（C/C0）=-5.63H/L^0.94, respectively, under the experimental condition. The models may be used to predict the COD removal profiles along the reactor height at different hydraulic loading rates and influent COD concentration for design, selection and sizing of BAF.
基金Project(51078036) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Laboratory experiments were conducted to investigate the transformation and performance of a granular sequence batch reactor(SBR) under the conventional organic loading rate(OLR) condition.Aerobic granules were successfully cultivated in a SBR by means of alternative feeding load combined with reducing settling time after 60 d operational period.Subsequently,the black fungal granules were presented in reactor because of the filamentous overgrowth on the surface of aerobic granules.A small amount of fungal granules had no effect on the performance of granular SBR.Aerobic granules completely vanished and fungal granules eventually became the dominant species in subsequent 90 d operation after granulation.The three-dimensional excitation emission matrix(EEM) spectra result shows that the extracellular polymeric substances(EPS) component in both granules has no much difference,whereas the content of EPS in fungal granules is higher than that in bacterial granules.Due to their low bioactivity,the chemical oxidation demand(COD) and NH4-N removal efficiencies gradually decrease from 90.4%–96.5% and 99.5% to 71.8% and 32.9% respectively while the fungal granules become dominant in the SBR.
