目的探讨学龄前儿童颜色性别刻板印象在内隐及外显水平上的发展情况以及母亲对儿童颜色性别刻板印象的影响。方法研究对象为北京与天津地区2所幼儿园92名3~6岁儿童及他们的母亲,有效被试81名,其中男孩42名,女孩39名。采用内隐联想测试(i...目的探讨学龄前儿童颜色性别刻板印象在内隐及外显水平上的发展情况以及母亲对儿童颜色性别刻板印象的影响。方法研究对象为北京与天津地区2所幼儿园92名3~6岁儿童及他们的母亲,有效被试81名,其中男孩42名,女孩39名。采用内隐联想测试(implicit association test,IAT)、颜色穿搭测试分别考察儿童内隐及外显颜色性别刻板印象的发展情况;采用李克特5点计分法,考察母亲对颜色与性别的关联态度。结果儿童存在显著的内隐和外显颜色性别刻板印象,且两者呈显著正相关。儿童内隐颜色性别刻板印象在性别和年龄上均不存在差异,性别和年龄间的交互作用也不显著;儿童外显颜色性别刻板印象存在显著的性别差异,且相较于男孩,女孩表现出更强的颜色性别刻板印象;儿童外显颜色性别刻板印象在年龄上不存在显著差异,年龄和性别间的交互作用也不显著。母亲的颜色性别反刻板印象与儿童内隐颜色性别刻板印象呈负相关,即:母亲的反刻板印象越强烈,儿童的内隐颜色性别刻板印象就越弱,反之则越强;母亲的颜色性别反刻板印象对儿童外显颜色性别刻板印象没有影响。结论学龄前儿童存在显著的内隐及外显颜色性别刻板印象,母亲的颜色性别反刻板印象能够轻微预测儿童内隐颜色性别刻板印象,而内隐性别刻板印象相较于外显更能通过表情、动作等非语言形式影响行为。儿童早期越多接触反刻板印象,越有助于减少对颜色的性别成见,减弱颜色性别刻板印象对儿童能力发展的消极影响。展开更多
This article discusses the reasons why, in society in which sexual discriminati0n still exists,some men can shake themselves free from long-established ways of thinking and accept the feminist idea of equality between...This article discusses the reasons why, in society in which sexual discriminati0n still exists,some men can shake themselves free from long-established ways of thinking and accept the feminist idea of equality between the two sexes. According to the author of this article, men may take note of the shackles imposed of them by the values of sexual difference in society but it is not easy for them to be aware of their vested interests as men, nor is it possible for this awareness to develop to become men’s group awareness.展开更多
文摘目的探讨学龄前儿童颜色性别刻板印象在内隐及外显水平上的发展情况以及母亲对儿童颜色性别刻板印象的影响。方法研究对象为北京与天津地区2所幼儿园92名3~6岁儿童及他们的母亲,有效被试81名,其中男孩42名,女孩39名。采用内隐联想测试(implicit association test,IAT)、颜色穿搭测试分别考察儿童内隐及外显颜色性别刻板印象的发展情况;采用李克特5点计分法,考察母亲对颜色与性别的关联态度。结果儿童存在显著的内隐和外显颜色性别刻板印象,且两者呈显著正相关。儿童内隐颜色性别刻板印象在性别和年龄上均不存在差异,性别和年龄间的交互作用也不显著;儿童外显颜色性别刻板印象存在显著的性别差异,且相较于男孩,女孩表现出更强的颜色性别刻板印象;儿童外显颜色性别刻板印象在年龄上不存在显著差异,年龄和性别间的交互作用也不显著。母亲的颜色性别反刻板印象与儿童内隐颜色性别刻板印象呈负相关,即:母亲的反刻板印象越强烈,儿童的内隐颜色性别刻板印象就越弱,反之则越强;母亲的颜色性别反刻板印象对儿童外显颜色性别刻板印象没有影响。结论学龄前儿童存在显著的内隐及外显颜色性别刻板印象,母亲的颜色性别反刻板印象能够轻微预测儿童内隐颜色性别刻板印象,而内隐性别刻板印象相较于外显更能通过表情、动作等非语言形式影响行为。儿童早期越多接触反刻板印象,越有助于减少对颜色的性别成见,减弱颜色性别刻板印象对儿童能力发展的消极影响。
文摘This article discusses the reasons why, in society in which sexual discriminati0n still exists,some men can shake themselves free from long-established ways of thinking and accept the feminist idea of equality between the two sexes. According to the author of this article, men may take note of the shackles imposed of them by the values of sexual difference in society but it is not easy for them to be aware of their vested interests as men, nor is it possible for this awareness to develop to become men’s group awareness.
