全麻复合硬膜外阻滞抑制上腹部手术应激反应

目的 :通过检测单纯全麻或全麻加硬膜外阻滞病人的血清皮质醇、胰岛素、血糖浓度及血压变化 ,比较两种麻醉方法对抑制手术时应激反应的差异。方法 :将 2 5例ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级上腹部择期手术病人随机分为两组 :G组按常规方法诱导后行气管内插管全麻 ,C组先行硬膜外穿刺注药置管后再行气管内插管全麻。分别在入室、切皮后 10分钟、腹腔探查、缝合腹膜后四个时点记录血流动力学及血清皮质醇、胰岛素、血糖等各项参数。结果 :G组皮质醇在探查及关腹时均明显高于C组 ,胰岛素仅在关腹时G组高于C组 (P <0 0 5 )。血糖值G组亦高于C组。SBP在切皮、探查、关腹时G组均高于C组 30 %、2 3 %、18%。结论 :对于上腹部及危重手术 ,使用全麻加硬膜外麻醉能有效地抑制手术引起的应激反应 ,使病人在术中更为安全平稳 ,麻醉效果更为可靠。

褐飞虱高温条件下应激反应及体内保护酶系活性的研究

利用 34℃、36℃、38℃ 3个温度处理褐飞虱的若虫和不同翅型成虫 ,研究其在热休克过程中体内保护酶系活性及脂质过氧化物含量的变化 .结果表明 ,热休克对 4龄若虫过氧化氢酶 (CAT )活性影响大于 3龄、5龄 ,而其成虫期CAT活性则随日龄增加而增加 ,36℃为CAT清除H2 O2 最适温度 .高龄若虫体内谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 (GSH px)活性高于低龄若虫 ,老熟成虫体内GSH px清除H2 O2 能力强于初羽化成虫 .超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性与处理温度呈正相关 ,而同一处理温度下SOD活性随成虫龄期和成虫日龄增加而降低 .长翅型成虫体内CAT、GSH px、SOD活性均高于短翅型 ,而雌、雄成虫间CAT、GSH px、SOD活性无明显差异 (α >0 .0 5 ) .褐飞虱体内脂质过氧化物 (LPO)含量随处理温度升高而上升 ,同一处理温度下随若虫龄期和成虫日龄的增加而增加 ,短翅型成虫体内LPO含量高于长翅型 .

崇尚简约给生活减压

都市人易患应激反应一位正值壮年的某国家机关工作人员,跳槽到某公司担任部门主管。到了新公司后,他深感压力之大和竞争之激烈,只要稍有不慎,就有遭到淘汰的危险,不得不承受快速的工作和生活节奏。另外,由于工作环境的改变,他对自己的期望值也高了起来,但最近他的身体却越来越差,经常失眠,做噩梦,记忆力开始下降,心情变得烦躁不安,动辄发火,有时甚至什么事都不想做,似乎已经心力交瘁。这是应激反应综合征的典型表现。为了避免应激反应综合征的发生,

Exploring valid internal-control genes in Porphyra yezoensis(Bangiaceae) during stress response conditions

To screen the stable expression genes related to the stress （strong light, dehydration and temperature shock） we applied Absolute real-time PCR technology to determine the transcription numbers of the selected test genes in Porphyra yezoensis, which has been regarded as a potential model species responding the stress conditions in the intertidal. Absolute real-time PCR technology was applied to determine the transcription numbers of the selected test genes in Porphyra yezoensis, which has been regarded as a potential model species in stress responding. According to the results of photosynthesis parameters, we observed that Y（II） and Fv/Fm were significantly affected when stress was imposed on the thalli of Porphyra yezoensis, but underwent almost completely recovered under normal conditions, which were collected for the following experiments. Then three samples, which were treated with different grade stresses combined with salinity, irradiation and temperature, were collected. The transcription numbers of seven constitutive expression genes in above samples were determined after RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis. Finally, a general insight into the selection of internal control genes during stress response was obtained. We found that there were no obvious effects in terms of salinity stress （at salinity 90） on transcription of most genes used in the study. The 18S ribosomal RNA gene had the highest expression level, varying remarkably among different tested groups. RPS8 expression showed a high irregular variance between samples. GAPDH presented comparatively stable expression and could thus be selected as the internal control. EF-la showed stable expression during the series of multiple-stress tests. Our research provided available references for the selection of internal control genes for transcripts determination of P. yezoensis.

Endurance exercise and gut microbiota:A review

Background: The physiological and biochemical demands of intense exercise elicit both muscle-based and systemic responses. The main adaptations to endurance exercise include the correction of electrolyte imbalance, a decrease in glycogen storage and the increase of oxidative stress, intestinal permeability, muscle damage, and systemic inflammatory response. Adaptations to exercise might be influenced by the gut microbiota, which plays an important role in the production, storage, and expenditure of energy obtained from the diet as well as in inflammation,redox reactions, and hydration status.Methods: A systematic and comprehensive search of electronic databases, including MEDLINE, Scopus, Clinical Trials.gov, Science Direct,Springer Link, and EMBASE was done. The search process was completed using the keywords: "endurance", "exercise", "immune response","microbiota", "nutrition", and "probiotics".Results: Reviewed literature supports the hypothesis that intestinal microbiota might be able to provide a measureable, effective marker of an athlete's immune function and that microbial composition analysis might also be sensitive enough to detect exercise-induced stress and metabolic disorders. The review also supports the hypothesis that modifying the microbiota through the use of probiotics could be an important therapeutic tool to improve athletes' overall general health, performance, and energy availability while controlling inflammation and redox levels.Conclusion: The present review provides a comprehensive overview of how gut microbiota may have a key role in controlling the oxidative stress and inflammatory responses as well as improving metabolism and energy expenditure during intense exercise.

The Roots of Psychological Trauma and Post-TraumaticStress Reaction/Disorders and the Intervention

Psychological trauma refers to the catastrophic or traumatic events harmful to individuals＇ inner world. Strong emotional and psychological reaction caused by traumatic factors will form psychological shadows, and the improper coping of these events will lead to a post-traumatic stress disorder. In this paper, the author makes an exploration on the roots of psychological trauma and of post-traumatic stress reaction or disorders, which were caused by natural traumatic event, such as floods, snowstorms, earthquakes and other man-made factors such as wars, accidents from a psychological point of view. Finally, some suggestions of intervention are provided for the relevant departments to make relevant rebuilding policies.

Suppression of angiotensin Ⅱ stimulated responses in aortic vascular smooth muscle cells of experimental cirrhotic rats

Functional responses to angiotensin Ⅱ (AT-Ⅱ) were determined in aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) from experimental cirrhotic rats. Our data showed that AT-Ⅱ-stimulated extracellular acidification rate (ECAR), which was measured by Cytosensor microphysiometry, was significantly reduced in the aortic VSMCs from the cirrhotic rats as compared to those from the control animals. The ability of AT-Ⅱ to promote formation of inositol phosphates, the second messenger produced by the activation of Gq-coupled receptors, was also considerably suppressed in the cirrhotic VSMCs. Furthermore, the maximal p42/44 MAPK phosphorylation stimulated by AT-Ⅱ was significantly reduced in the cirrhotic VSMCs in contrast to that in the normal VSMCs. Taken together, our data clearly demonstrated that the functional responses to AT-Ⅱ was severely suppressed in aortic VSMCs in cirrhosis, indicating the impairment of general Gq-coupled receptor signaling and subsequent biological function in the cirrhotic VSMCs.

TCD study of hemodynamic changes in PCA response to photic stimulation

Objectives: During visual stimulation, the elevated metabolism rate will coupl e with increase of blood flow velocity(BFV) in posterior cerebral artery(PCA). T his study with TCD was aimed to investigate whether the coupling might change ac cording to the different vasoneuronal conditions. Methods: Ninety-nine voluntee r s including 24 hypertension(HT) patients and 2 patients suffering from both HT a nd diabetes mellitus(DM) were enrolled in this trial. BFV and pulse indexes(PI) in P2 segments of PCA on both sides were monitored during visual stimulation. Re sults: In all subjects, Mean BFV increased and PI went down in response to visua l stimulation. The percentages of changes (ΔV and ΔP) of both mean BFV and PI we re larger in young group(<55 years old) than in old one(≥55 years old). There w a s significant positive correlation between ΔV and ΔP. Multivariated re gression a nalysis did not show HT and DM, but age related to ΔV(ΔP). We did not find signi ficant difference of ΔV(ΔP) between left and right sides. Conclusions: Blood flo w velocity in PCA P2 segment increased due to decreased cerebrovascular resistan ce during visual stimulation and the response weakened with aging of the patient .

Pre-activation based stereoselective glycosylations: Stereochemical control by additives and solvent

Stereochemical control is an important issue in carbohydrate synthesis.Glycosyl donors with participating acyl protective groups on 2-O have been shown to give 1,2-trans glycosides reliably under the pre-activation based reaction condition.In this work,the effects of additives and reaction solvents on stereoselectivity were examined using donors without participating protective groups on 2-O.While several triflate salt additives did not have major effects,the amount of AgOTf was found to significantly impact the reaction outcome.Excess AgOTf led to lower stereochemical control presumably due to its coordination with the glycosyl triflate intermediate and a more SN1 like reaction pathway.In contrast,the stereoselectivity could be directed by reaction solvents,with diethyl ether favoring the formation of glycosides and dichloromethane leading to β isomers.The trend of stereochemical dependence on reaction solvent was applicable to a variety of building blocks including the selective formation of β-mannosides.

Study of Cold Fusion Reactions Using Collective Clusterization Approach

Within the framework of the dynamical cluster decay model （DCM）, the in evaporation cross-sections （σ1n） of cold fusion reactions （Pb and Bi targets） are calculated for ZCN = 104-113 superheavy nuclei. The calculations are carried out in the fixed range of excitation energy ECN = 15 ± 1 MeV, so that the comparative analysis of reaction dynamics can be worked out. First of all, the fission barriers （Bf ） and neutron separation energies （S1n） are estimated to account the decreasing cross-sections of cold fusion reactions. In addition to this, the importance of hot optimum orientations of β24-deformed nuclei over cold one is explored at fixed angular momentum and neck-length parameters. The hot optimum orientations support all the target-projectile （t,p） combinations, which are explored experimentally in the cold fusion reactions. Some new target-projectile combinations are also predicted for future exploration. Further, the In cross-sections are addressed for ZCN = 104-113 superheavy nuclei at comparable excitation energies which show the decent agrement with experimental data upto ZCN = 109 nuclei. Finally, to understand the dynamics of higher-Z superheavy nuclei, the cross-sections are also calculated at maximum available energies around the Coulomb barrier and the effect of non-sticking moment of inertia （INS） is also investigated at these energies.