State estimation is the precondition and foundation of a bioprocess monitoring and optimal control. However,there are many difficulties in dealing with a non-linear system,such as the instability of process, un-modele...State estimation is the precondition and foundation of a bioprocess monitoring and optimal control. However,there are many difficulties in dealing with a non-linear system,such as the instability of process, un-modeled dynamics,parameter sensitivity,etc.This paper discusses the principles and characteristics of three different approaches,extended Kalman filters,strong tracking filters and unscented transformation based Kalman filters.By introducing the unscented transformation method and a sub-optimal fading factor to correct the prediction error covariance,an improved Kalman filter,unscented transformation based robust Kalman filter,is proposed. The performance of the algorithm is compared with the strong tracking filter and unscented transformation based Kalman filter and illustrated in a typical case study for glutathione fermentation process.The results show that the proposed algorithm presents better accuracy and stability on the state estimation in numerical calculations.展开更多
This paper explores the potentials of traditional forms of communication in rural development communication. Experimenting a local development communication model that can be used at the grass-root level communication...This paper explores the potentials of traditional forms of communication in rural development communication. Experimenting a local development communication model that can be used at the grass-root level communication at the community development programs in Sri Lanka is the research objective. This study is a participatory research. Live participatory observation, impact analysis using a questionnaire and direct interview tools were used to analyze the impact of the creative model. This research study was experimented at Rasnayakapura divisional secretariat, Sri Lanka from 2004 to 2005. Results suggest that the traditional forms of communication can be utilized as a useful instrument in the rural community programs more than the dominant use of mass media and conventional use of small group communication. Forms of traditional communication are rich in communication because of their closeness to rural life, credibility, Utilization of familiar signs ＆ symbols, Participation of the same community, collective presentation, Utilization of past experiences, plot and the stories from their own life and psychological understanding （attraction, attention, rationality）. Communicating a message through entertainment was the practice of this model. Finally impact analysis confirmed the success of the model.展开更多
The climate change brought disaster impact to a city. Cities are complex and interdependent systems, extremely vulnerable to threats from both natural hazards and terrorism. A city resilience is the capacity of a city...The climate change brought disaster impact to a city. Cities are complex and interdependent systems, extremely vulnerable to threats from both natural hazards and terrorism. A city resilience is the capacity of a city to function, so that citizens survive and thrive no matter what stresses or shocks they encounter. The cities need to be built for greater resilience and developed strategies for coping with the future shocks and stresses associated with climate change. This study explores that, from the concepts of city governance, the balanced scorecard correlates with city development in the process of city resilience development and constructs city resilience indicators to evaluate and the balanced scorecard raise the management performance. During the process of building the balanced scorecard, each problem can be faced and solved. To run the balanced scorecard is a continuous job and to become a resilient city coping with good city governance must adjust the balanced scorecard to meet its goals and vision to achieve sustainable development of the city.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （20476007, 20676013）.
文摘State estimation is the precondition and foundation of a bioprocess monitoring and optimal control. However,there are many difficulties in dealing with a non-linear system,such as the instability of process, un-modeled dynamics,parameter sensitivity,etc.This paper discusses the principles and characteristics of three different approaches,extended Kalman filters,strong tracking filters and unscented transformation based Kalman filters.By introducing the unscented transformation method and a sub-optimal fading factor to correct the prediction error covariance,an improved Kalman filter,unscented transformation based robust Kalman filter,is proposed. The performance of the algorithm is compared with the strong tracking filter and unscented transformation based Kalman filter and illustrated in a typical case study for glutathione fermentation process.The results show that the proposed algorithm presents better accuracy and stability on the state estimation in numerical calculations.
文摘This paper explores the potentials of traditional forms of communication in rural development communication. Experimenting a local development communication model that can be used at the grass-root level communication at the community development programs in Sri Lanka is the research objective. This study is a participatory research. Live participatory observation, impact analysis using a questionnaire and direct interview tools were used to analyze the impact of the creative model. This research study was experimented at Rasnayakapura divisional secretariat, Sri Lanka from 2004 to 2005. Results suggest that the traditional forms of communication can be utilized as a useful instrument in the rural community programs more than the dominant use of mass media and conventional use of small group communication. Forms of traditional communication are rich in communication because of their closeness to rural life, credibility, Utilization of familiar signs ＆ symbols, Participation of the same community, collective presentation, Utilization of past experiences, plot and the stories from their own life and psychological understanding （attraction, attention, rationality）. Communicating a message through entertainment was the practice of this model. Finally impact analysis confirmed the success of the model.
文摘The climate change brought disaster impact to a city. Cities are complex and interdependent systems, extremely vulnerable to threats from both natural hazards and terrorism. A city resilience is the capacity of a city to function, so that citizens survive and thrive no matter what stresses or shocks they encounter. The cities need to be built for greater resilience and developed strategies for coping with the future shocks and stresses associated with climate change. This study explores that, from the concepts of city governance, the balanced scorecard correlates with city development in the process of city resilience development and constructs city resilience indicators to evaluate and the balanced scorecard raise the management performance. During the process of building the balanced scorecard, each problem can be faced and solved. To run the balanced scorecard is a continuous job and to become a resilient city coping with good city governance must adjust the balanced scorecard to meet its goals and vision to achieve sustainable development of the city.
