合作发展型教研组——教师成为研究者的有效组织

新课程改革要求教师成为研究者。学校创建合作发展型教研组有助于教师成为研究者。通过多种组织形式及活动方式,合作发展型教研组有效地促进了教师在教学过程中开展研究,既加强了教师的专业发展,也逐渐使教师成为研究者。

Uncertainty and Sensitivity Analysis for the HELIOS Loop within the LACANES Benchmark

Within the OECD/NEA Benchmarking of Thermal-Hydraulic Loop Models for Lead-Alloy Cooled Advanced Nuclear Energy Systems （LACANES）, the Institute for Neutron Physics and Reactor Technology takes part in the validation process of system codes and the characterization of the thermal-hydraulic behavior of an experimental loop operated with liquid lead-bismuth-eutectics. To confirm the calculations, the results were compared to experimental data obtained from the HELIOS facility at the Seoul National University and to the results of other benchmark participants. The comparison showed that the calculations are within measurement tolerance but nevertheless discrepancies among the participants exist. The pressure drop estimation is determined by a variety of empirical correlations for the friction and the form loss coefficients. Hence, uncertainty and sensitivity measures were applied to find out which parameter is more relevant for the overall pressure drop. In the frame of this investigation, the system code TRACE and the software system for uncertainty and sensitivity, SUSA, were used. The results show that the total pressure drop varies between -30 and ＋15% related to the reference case.

以实正名:中国与中东国家的基础设施合作

基础设施合作是中国与中东国家整体合作的重要组成部分,也是提升发展中国家基础设施建设水平、实现经济社会可持续发展的重要路径。中国与中东国家的基础设施合作在实践中呈现相互依存日益紧密、合作环境日益优化、项目类别日益丰富、合作主体日益多元、融资渠道日益拓宽等特点。中国企业秉持正确义利观,实行市场化运作。中国与中东国家的基础设施合作彰显包容型、互利型、发展型之特色,与排他型、逐利型、政治型的西方同中东国家基础设施合作特征形成鲜明对比。就合作特色而言,中国的基础设施合作重“硬件”,而西方国家基础设施合作重“软件”,双方在中东国家的基础设施建设项目具有一定互补性。中国与中东国家的基础设施合作取得了丰硕的成果,但仍面临政治、安全、法律和舆情等多重风险,需要从加强风险管控、提升话语影响力、促进双向互动、探索三方合作空间等4个维度加以应对,推动传统基建存量与“新基建”增量共同发展,造福中东地区国家和人民。