河流相储层复合砂体构型概念体系、表征方法及其在渤海油田开发中的应用探索

海上油田开发具有大井距、稀井网的特点,以往陆上油田"井-震结合、以井为主"的精细储层研究思路已不适用。提出了河流相储层复合砂体的概念,即复合砂体为某一段地质时间内由若干具有空间成因联系的亚单元组成的砂体组合;复合砂体具有级次性,每一级次复合砂体均是由次一级次的砂体及隔夹层共同组合而成;各级次复合砂体构型单元之间由界面所限定。探索了复合砂体构型表征基本方法及思路,提出了"轴变定界、样式定型、井点定面"的构型表征原则,确定了基于地震敏感属性表征复杂叠置河道带的三步法。以渤海Q油田为例,将本文的理论成果应用于剩余油预测和注采连通性分析中,实现了较好的挖潜效果,说明复合砂体构型理论可在一定程度上解决生产中面临的矛盾,从而支撑海上油田的高效开发需求。本文研究成果可为储层细分对比、开发层系划分、开发井位部署和井型选定提供依据。

基于AdaBOost算法公路隧道火灾初期视频火焰检测系统的开发及应用

在现代化发展不断加快的过程中,我国各方面建设不断加快,因而安全方面的问题也格外受关注。对于公路隧道来说,及时有效的进行火灾初起火焰的探测并预警对于公路隧道的安全行车有着十分重要的影响。公路隧道由于其独特的空间环境导致我国传统的火灾火焰探测器无法很好的发挥作用,往往会导致预警发出迟缓,因而延误了火灾的防控,可能带来极大的损失。由此可见,针对公路隧道火灾初期视频火灾研发一种独特的检测系统十分有必要,就目前而言,我国实际研发过程中主要是基于AdaBOost算法以及火焰图像多特征进行了深入的研究,实践证明该种实践方法确实有着传统设备所不可比拟的好处。

一种磁选机卸矿装置的开发与应用

尖山铁矿开发了一种湿式筒式磁选机的精矿卸矿装置,重点对该装置的设计方案和实施应用方式进行阐述。应用实践表明,该装置能调节供水压力及卸矿水管与磁滚筒的不同位置出水角度,并有利于及时疏通维护,能有效地冲洗磁选机滚筒表面精矿,提高磁选机选别效果和延长磁滚筒筒皮使用周期,同时可取得显著的经济效益。

建筑保温硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料的发泡工艺与应用

介绍了建筑保温硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料功用产品类型和特性,在此基础上阐述了聚酯氨的发泡原料及其添加剂,给出了聚酯氨泡沫的生产方法,最后论述了建筑保温用聚酯氨泡沫在建筑领域的应用。

钢铁发黑工艺应用与改进

文中从改进工艺配方、注意槽液管理和改善前后处理方法等几个方面谈到应用高温发黑工艺的技巧。重点详述常温发黑的硒酸盐体系、非硒酸盐体系、混合液体系、复合膜发黑体和超声等比例成膜工艺等。同时指出．为了使常温发黑工艺提高到一个新水平，完全能取代高温发黑。人们仍需要作深入研究。

参乌育发汤治疗脱发120例

目的观察参乌育发汤内服、外治加外涂治疗脱发的临床疗效。方法120例脱发患者内服参乌育发汤,药渣热敷,醇提液外涂。1个月1疗程,治疗3疗程。结果临床治愈70例,显效20例,有效18例,无效12例,总有效率90%。结论参乌育发汤内服外用治疗脱发取得良好的临床疗效。

计算机教学在高校中的现状和发展

计算机快速发展使计算机技术广泛应用于社会各领域.高校计算机教育要在社会需求基础上来培养计算机专业能力强的应用型人才.在高校计算机教育中要充分应用计算机科学技术,使计算机课堂教育不仅增强了学生计算机知识的学习,也培养了学生的实践能力.

Joint inversion of gravity and magnetic data for a two-layer model

Based on the synchronous joint gravity and magnetic inversion of single interface by Pilkington and the need of revealing Cenozoic and crystalline basement thickness in the new round of oil-gas exploration, we propose a joint gravity and magnetic inversion methodfor two-layer models by concentrating on the relationship between the change of thicknessI and position of the middle layer and anomaly and discuss the effects of the key parameters. Model tests and application to field data show the validity of this method.

Analysis on Status quo and Future Development of Fruit and Vegetable Protreatment

Pretreatment on vegetable and fruit is a key chain of drying process. The research analyzed mechanisms and applications of different pretreatments such as blanching, freezing, liquid glucose pretreatment, NaCI dipping, and high-voltage elec- tric field, and proposed the development prospect.

Integrated application of 3D seismic and microseismic data in the development of tight gas reservoirs

The development of unconventional resources, such as shale gas and tight sane gas, requires the integration of multi-disciplinary knowledge to resolve many engineering problems in order to achieve economic production levels. The reservoir heterogeneit3 revealed by different data sets, such as 3D seismic and microseismic data, can more full3 reflect the reservoir properties and is helpful to optimize the drilling and completioT programs. First, we predict the local stress direction and open or close status of the natura fractures in tight sand reservoirs based on seismic curvature, an attribute that reveals reservoi heterogeneity and geomechanical properties. Meanwhile, the reservoir fracture network is predicted using an ant-tracking cube and the potential fracture barriers which can affec hydraulic fracture propagation are predicted by integrating the seismic curvature attribute anc ant-tracking cube. Second, we use this information, derived from 3D seismic data, to assis in designing the fracture program and adjusting stimulation parameters. Finally, we interpre the reason why sand plugs will occur during the stimulation process by the integration of 3E seismic interpretation and microseismic imaging results, which further explain the hydraulic fracure propagation controlling factors and open or closed state of natural fractures in tigh sand reservoirs.

A Summary of Ratoon Rice Production Technology in Southwest Ecotope of China

This paper focus on the ratoon rice, which with the features of south Chi-na paddy cultivation technology. First, the development of the technology research on ratoon rice in southwest ecotope of China was briefly reviewed. Second, the key technical measures of the ratoon rice production were described in detail. At last, the application effect of the ratoon rice production technology was described accu-rately, which based on the production practice in recent years. The purpose of this article is promoting the research and extension of the ratoon rice technology more widely in world’s main rice-producing areas, especial y in the suitable area where the light and heat resources are rich.

The Nucleosides Contents and Their Variation in Natural Cordyceps sinensis and Cultured Cordyceps Mycelia

Aim: To compare the contents of nucleosides from natural Cordyceps sinensis and cultured Cordyceps mycelia, and to study the effect of humidity and heat on the content of nucleosides. Methods: The contents of nucleosides were determined by using high performance capillary electrophoresis (HPCE). Beckman P/ACE System 5010 apparatus equipped with a UV detector and a Beckman untreated fused-silica capillary (57 cm 75 mm, 50 cm effective length) was used. Before sample injection, the capillary was rinsed with 1 molL-1 sodium hydroxide solution and running buffer for 5 min, respectively. A voltage of 20 kV was applied for the separation. Pressure injection was 586 kPa for 6 seconds, and the wavelength of detector was 254 nm. The running time was 20 min at 20 oC. The effect of humidity and heat on the contents of nucleosides from natural Cordyceps sinensis and cultured Cordyceps mycelia was observed for 1, 3, 5 and 10 days at temperature 40 oC, and relative humidity 75%. Results: The content of nucleosides from natural Cordyceps sinensis was higher than that from cultured Cordyceps mycelia. But the contents of nucleosides from freshly collected natural Cordyceps sinensis were very low, even below the limit of quantitation. The contents of nucleosides from natural Cordyceps sinensis were significantly increased by humidity and heat, but this phenomenon was not observed in cultured Cordyceps mycelia. Conclusion: There are differences between the nucleosides from natural Cordyceps sinensis and cultured Cordyceps mycelia. The nucleosides in natural Cordyceps sinensis may be derived from the degradation of nucleic acids. This implies that adenosine being used for the quality control of natural Cordyceps sinensis may have to be reconsidered.

Isolation and Identification of a Taxol-producing Endophytic Fungus Identified from Taxus media

[Objective] The aim was to isolate and identify a taxol-producing endophytic fungus from Taxus media. [Method] 32 strains of endophytic fungi were identified form the inner bark of T. media,and their fermentation products were detected by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). [Result] Through the screening,a strain of taxol-producing endophytic fungi M57 was obtained,which could produce 45-50 μg/L of taxol,and M57 was defined as Rhizopus sp. through morphological observation and 18S rDNA sequence analysis. [Conclusion] The finding of Rhizopus sp. M57 provided a promising strain for producing taxol with taxol-producing fungi fermentation process.

Application Effects of Ultra-fine Powder Shaped Maize Seed Coating Agent in Spring Sowing areas in northeast China

The research explored adaptability maize seed coating agent in spring sowing and effects of ultra-fine powder shaped areas in northeast China. The results showed that germination potential and rate both improved around 5% and the num- ber of root increased by 4% in the treatments with ultra-fine powder shaped maize seed coating agent compared with the control group without seed coating. What＇s more, the treatments with ultra-fine powder shaped maize seed coating agent took advantages in terms of fresh weight of seeding, stem diameter, and dry weight. It is notable that control effects on underground insects performed the best, with per- centage over 94%, which is more excellent relative to other agents in markets. Therefore, ultra-fine powder shaped maize seed coating agent can be widely applied in spring sowing areas in northeast China, without side effects.

Adaptive-Reuse of Historic Industrial Buildings and Sites in China

The paper analyzes the definite place of industrial building in the history of urban development. Due to the development of urban economy and the transition of the traditional industrial structure, many historic cities and towns both at home and abroad have witnessed a large scale "demolition" and abandonment of industrial buildings in urban renewal during last 30 years. Consequently, it has been leading to the discontinuity of urban cultural and historic context. The paper discusses and expounds the clas...

Discussion on Green Development of Fenlong for Yield Increase, Quality Enhancing, Water Retaining and Multiple Use of Natural Resources

Fenlong green ecological agriculture technology （Fenlong technology）, a new smash ridging farming method developed by Guangxi Academy of Agdcultural Sciences, has been elected as the recommended cultivation technique by the Ministry of Agriculture of China. It replaces the traditional plowshare with spiral drill, and its tilth depth is twice deeper than that by tractor tilthing. It also extends soil nutrient, moisture, oxygen and microorganism, the so-called ＂Four pools＂. Soil nutrient, oxygen, microorganism, light and rainfall use ratio is increased by 10%-100%, creating a platform for natural increase of more than 10% of crop yield. Its application to over 20 kinds of crops in 21 provinces has proved that the yield increases 10-30% with quality enhancing 5% and double water retaining capacity but no more input. When the application area of Fenlong could reach 67 million hm2, the amount of fertilizer can be reduced by 40-50 billion kg, saving 120-150 billion Yuan. In this paper, we put forward the strategy of ＂4＋1＂ （arable, saline-alkali soil, grasslands, Sponge City ＋ rivers） green development in China, and deepened the Fenlong cultivated tilled layer from 16.5 cm to 35 cm for 67 million hm2 arable land, ridged 13.3 million hm2 of saline-alkali soil for 35 cm, and also 35 cm for 67 million hm2 degraded steppe, which could have the following 3 effects： first, the 147 million hm2 of land with Fenlong cultivation could increase loosing soil to 315.491 billion m3, in＊ creasing by 159.26% for 120 million hm2 of arable land with the average tilled layer of 16.5 cm, which has loosing soil of only 198.1 billion m3, that is, the space of the land increases 1.6 times. Second, every hectare of plowland could store up to 450 m3/hm2 of natural rainfall, and the unused 60 m3 of saline-alkali soil and grasslands could store water of 102 billion m3, showing an increase of over 88.89% for the current plowland storage of 54 billion m3 at now, that is, double the natural rainfall storage capacity. Third, the two multiple increase of natural resources application can bring trillions of resource activation, environmental cleaning, food security, citizens, health, economic, ecological and social benefits, and makes the Chinese nation move forward in green development. Its application in ＂big scientific research＂ and ＂One Belt And One Road＂ will contribute Chinese strength to the world.

Application of VP1 Protein to Develop Monoclonal Antibody against Foot-and-mouth Disease Virus Asia1 Type

In order to develop an anti-FMDV Asial type monoclonal antibody （mAb）, BABL/c mice were immunized with recombinant FMDV VP1 protein. Three mAbs, 1B8, 5El and 5E2, were then further optimized. The result indicated that prepared anti-FMDV Asial mAbs had no cross-reactivity with Swine vesicular disease （SVD） and FMDV O, A and C type antigen. Their titers in abdomen liquor were 1：5×10^6, 1：2×10^6 and 1：5×10^6, respectively. 1B8 was found to be of IgG1 subtype, 5El and 5E2 belonged to IgG2b subtype. In this study, the prepared mAbs are specific for detecting FMDV type Asia1, and is potentially useful for pen-side diagnosis.

Performance Characteristics of an Irreversible Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) Fuel Cell

A model of an irreversible proton exchange membrane （PEM） fuel cell working at steady-state was established, in which overpotenfials, internal currents, and crossover losses were taken into account. The expressions of some key parameters of the fuel cell were derived from the point of electrochemistry and thermodynamics. Based on the irreversible model of the PEM fuel ceil, the influence of multi-irreversibilities on fuel cell performance were characterized and compared systematically. The general performance characteristic curves were generated. Moreover, when the electrical circuit was dosed with a load in it, the relations between the load resistance and power output density and efficiency were analyzed. The results provide a theoretical basis for both the operation and optimal design of real PEM fuel cells.

Development and Commercial Application of Methyl-ethyl-ketone Production Technology

A synthetic technology for the production of methyl-ethyl-ketone (MEK) is introduced, which makes use of butylene catalytic hydration to produce secondary butanol (SBA) and this is followed by dehydrogenation of SBA. By optimizing the operating conditions of a commercial unit, the running results showed that the recom-mended process was successful and that the catalysts had high activity, good selectivity, and long lifespan, which ensured long-term running in commercial units.

Effective and simple recovery of 1,3-propanediol from a fermented medium by liquid–liquid extraction system with ethanol and K_3PO_4

1,3-Propanediol,traditionally obtained from fossils,has numerous industrial applications,including use in the production of high performance polymers.The microbial production of 1,3-propanediol presents several opportunities,and the final purity grade determines its price and commercial viability.The development of novel separation technology could improve the economic viability of the bioproduction of 1,3-propanediol.Thus,we investigated salting-out extraction as a novel process for 1,3-propanediol recovery from fermentation broth.Initially,a screening for the best salt/solvent combination was conducted and then optimized using the response surface methodology.The solvents studied were methanol,ethanol,isopropanol and acetone,and the salts examined were K_2HPO_4,Na_2CO_3,K_2CO_3,(NH_4)_2SO_4,NaHPO_4,K_3PO_4 and C_6H_5NaO_7.The optimal extraction system consisted of 34 wt%K_3PO_4,28 wt% ethanol,and 38 wt% fermentation broth containing 23.0 g·L^(-1)1,3-propanediol,which gave the highest partition coefficient of 33 and recovery yield of 97%.The results demonstrated that salting-out extraction was a promising method for 1,3-propanediol recovery from fermentation broth.