Based on status quo and existing problems of Hunan crop science and technology innovation, the research proposed ＂three orientations＂, including seeking, grasping and highlighting orientations, and ＂six projects＂ ...Based on status quo and existing problems of Hunan crop science and technology innovation, the research proposed ＂three orientations＂, including seeking, grasping and highlighting orientations, and ＂six projects＂ for solving the issues. It is recommended to improve multiple cropping index.展开更多
Objective: This prospective randomized clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the necessity of drainage after total thyroidectomy or lobectomy for benign thyroidal disorders. Methods: A total of 116 patients who und...Objective: This prospective randomized clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the necessity of drainage after total thyroidectomy or lobectomy for benign thyroidal disorders. Methods: A total of 116 patients who underwent total thyroidectomy or lobectomy for benign thyroidal disorders were randomly allocated to be drained or not. Operative and postoperative outcomes including operating time, postoperative pain assessed by visual analogue scale (VAS), total amount of intramuscular analgesic administration, hospital stay, complications, necessity for re-operation and satisfaction of patients were all assessed. Results: The mean operating time was similar between two groups (the drained and non-drained groups). The mean VAS score was found to be significantly low in the non-drained group patients in postoperative day (POD) 0 and POD 1. The mean amount of intramuscular analgesic requirement was significantly less in the non-drained group. One case of hematoma, two cases of seroma and three cases of transient hypoparathyroidism occurred in the non-drained group, whereas one case of hematoma, two cases of seroma, two cases of wound infections and two cases of transient hypoparathyroidism occurred in the drained group. No patient needed re-operation for any complication. The mean hospital stay was significantly shorter and the satisfaction of patients was superior in the non-drained group. Conclusion: These findings suggest that postoperative complications cannot be prevented by using drains after total thyroidectomy or lobectomy for benign thyroid disorders. Furthermore, the use of drains may increase postoperative pain and the analgesic requirement, and prolong the hospital stay. In the light of these findings, the routine use of drains might not be necessary after thyroid surgery for benign disorders.展开更多
The Federal Commission for Protection against Health Risks in Mexico （COFEPRIS） is responsible for the regulation and health promotion of the production, commercialization, import, export, publicity or involuntary e...The Federal Commission for Protection against Health Risks in Mexico （COFEPRIS） is responsible for the regulation and health promotion of the production, commercialization, import, export, publicity or involuntary exposure of medicines and technologies for health. For its part, the Mexican Institute of Industrial Property （IMPI） is a decentralized public body with legal personality, own property and legal authority to administer the industrial property system in our country. In the year 2000, on September 19, the official journal published the linking of patents related to allopathic medicines and the sanitary registry. Objectives： To publicize the process of linking the Sanitary-Patent Registry as a case study to delimit the scope of the new pharmaceutical products. Methodology： Request the information to COFEPRIS for the registration of a new pharmaceutical product; Establish flow diagrams for the registration of： innovative products, generic products, biotech products and bio similar products; Integrate the documents in the dossier of the pharmaceutical product for sanitary registration; Elaborate sworn letter of non-invasion of patents and study of patents; Submit the Health Registry; Intergovernmental consultation. Sanitary Registry Results： Search of patents in databases to elaborate state of the art, to write letter under protest to say truth that is not invading any patent, when developing a composition of cetuximab, as generic product since the patent molecule expired in 2016 and 11 patents related to compositions, preparations and finished product preparation processes. Conclusions： COFEPRIS will determine through intergovernmental consultation with the IMPI whether or not a patent is invaded, according to the case it will grant the registration or send the corresponding prevention for cetuximab, in case that invading can also be a refusal of grant.展开更多
The present study set its research background in the scientific develop- ment at present and in the future, the actual production needs, and the goal of building a bigger and stronger mustard industry. On the basis of...The present study set its research background in the scientific develop- ment at present and in the future, the actual production needs, and the goal of building a bigger and stronger mustard industry. On the basis of a comprehensive and systematic investigation and a scientific analysis of the development status of mustard industry, especially the technical bottlenecks and problems constraining the industrialized production of mustard in south China, the present study proposed spe- cific research ideas, prospects, suggestions and measures accordingly. It was hoped to provide powerful technical support to promote the industrialized, healthy and sus- tainable development of the mustard industry in south China, and be of practical im- plications for the enrichment of people＇s ＂vegetable baskets＂ and the restructuring of the vegetable industry.展开更多
Osteochondral （OC） lesions are characterized by defects in two different zones, the cartilage region and subchondral bone region. These lesions are frequently associated with mechanical instability, as well as osteo...Osteochondral （OC） lesions are characterized by defects in two different zones, the cartilage region and subchondral bone region. These lesions are frequently associated with mechanical instability, as well as osteoarthritic degenerative changes in the knee. The lack of spontaneous healing and the drawbacks of the current treatments have increased the attention from the scientific community to this issue. Different tissue engineering approaches have been attempted using different polymers and different scaffolds＇ processing. However, the current conventional techniques do not allow the full control over scaffold fabrication, and in this type of approaches, the tuning ability is the key to success in tissue regeneration. In this sense, the researchers have placed their efforts in the development of solid free-form （SFF） techniques. These techniques allow tuning different properties at the micro-macro scale, creating scaffolds with appropriate features for OC tissue engineering. In this review, it is discussed the current SFF techniques used in OC tissue engineering and presented their promising results and current challenges.展开更多
Wheatgrasses （Thinopyrum spp.）, which are relatives of wheat （Triticum aestivum L）, have a perennial growth habit and offer resistance to a diversity of biotic and abiotic stresses, making them useful in wheat imp...Wheatgrasses （Thinopyrum spp.）, which are relatives of wheat （Triticum aestivum L）, have a perennial growth habit and offer resistance to a diversity of biotic and abiotic stresses, making them useful in wheat improvement. Many of these desirable traits from Thinopyrum spp. have been used to develop wheat cultivars by introgression breeding. The perennial growth habit of wheatgrasses inherits as a complex quantitative trait that is controlled by many unknown genes. Previous studies have indicated that Thinopyrum spp. are able to hybridize with wheat and produce viable/stable amphiploids or partial amphiploids. Meanwhile, efforts have been made to develop perennial wheat by domestication of Thinopyrum spp. The most promising perennial wheat-Thinopyrum lines can be used as grain and/or forage crops, which combine the desirable traits of both parents. The wheat-Thinopyrum lines can adapt to diverse agricultural systems. This paper summarizes the development of perennial wheat based on Thinopyrum, and the genetic aspects, breeding methods, and perspectives of wheat-Thinopyrum hybrids.展开更多
Unintended pregnancy rates remain high throughout the World and increase the risk of poor maternal and infant outcomes.Most of unintended pregnancies occur in women who were not using contraceptionor who became pregna...Unintended pregnancy rates remain high throughout the World and increase the risk of poor maternal and infant outcomes.Most of unintended pregnancies occur in women who were not using contraceptionor who became pregnant despite the reported use of contraception.Women who have had recent unprotected intercourse including those who have had another form of contraception fail are potential candidates for this intervention.Currently used em-ergency contraceptive methods are pills that contain combined estrogen-progesterone,only progestin,antiprogestins and copper intrauterine devices.The most common form of this type of contraception is oral progestin-only pills(levonorgestrel).The most effective method is copper intrauterine devices followed by anti-progestins and oral progestin-only pills.The major pathogenesis of oral emergency contraceptives is the prevention or delay of ovulation.Although conception is possible on only a few days of the cycle,emergency contraception is offered when indicated without regard to the timing of the menstrual cycle because of uncertainty in the timing of the ovulation.Levonorgestrel and E/P regimes are most effective as soon as possible after unprotected sexual intercourse.A linear relationship has been shown between ef-fectiveness and the time of dose.The effectiveness continues for 120 h,but it is recommended to be used within 72 h after intercourse.Intrauterine devices may prevent pregnancy when 5 d after ovulation.展开更多
Previous studies have suggested that the transforming growth factor-β receptor ALK5 is crucial for articular chondrogenesis by bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Here, the wild-type ALK5 plasmids were mutated by ove...Previous studies have suggested that the transforming growth factor-β receptor ALK5 is crucial for articular chondrogenesis by bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Here, the wild-type ALK5 plasmids were mutated by overlapping extended PCR and transfected into bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. The knee joint osteoarthritis mouse model was constructed by cutting oft＂ the anterior cruciate ligament and divided into three groups： saline group, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and ALK5-transfected bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells group. HE staining showed that the articular cartilage lesions were more serious of saline group compared with that of mesenchymal stem cell group, and this trend was more pronounced as time goes on. Immunohistochemical staining showed that although the expression level of type II collagen in all three groups down-regulated gradually upon time, its expression in ALK5-transfected bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells group was significantly enhanced compared with the other two groups. Micro-CT also suggested that ALK5 transfection of mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells would promote repairing the knee cartilage lesions with arthritis of the mice. Although the osteoarthritis mechanism underlying a variety of factors work together, and the appropriate proportion of ALKS/ALK1 was also emphasized for the treatment of osteoarthritis. This work therefore demonstrated that ALK5 transfection of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells could be a promising stem cell therapy for repair of cartilage lesions.展开更多
Through the in vitro cell-based assay, a series of experiments to investigate the efficacy of "space ginseng yeast", which were obtained from space breeding technology and modern fermentation engineering wer...Through the in vitro cell-based assay, a series of experiments to investigate the efficacy of "space ginseng yeast", which were obtained from space breeding technology and modern fermentation engineering were conducted in order to provide theoretical basis and scientific guide for the potential applications in cosmetic areas from various aspects. The results have shown that this active ingredient can improve the proliferation, colony forming efficiency and Scratch repair ability of human primary keratinocytes. Moreover, it can significantly increase the expression of Perlecan which is key protein in the basal layer of the skin. Meanwhile, "space ginseng yeast" can help the cell morphology recovery and improve Perlecan, collagen I and elastin expression on the fibroblasts after heavy ion irradiation. All of these results showed that the "space ginseng yeast" displays potential applications on skin regeneration in cosmetic industry.展开更多
基金Supported by Science&Technology Innovation Project of Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences~~
文摘Based on status quo and existing problems of Hunan crop science and technology innovation, the research proposed ＂three orientations＂, including seeking, grasping and highlighting orientations, and ＂six projects＂ for solving the issues. It is recommended to improve multiple cropping index.
文摘Objective: This prospective randomized clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the necessity of drainage after total thyroidectomy or lobectomy for benign thyroidal disorders. Methods: A total of 116 patients who underwent total thyroidectomy or lobectomy for benign thyroidal disorders were randomly allocated to be drained or not. Operative and postoperative outcomes including operating time, postoperative pain assessed by visual analogue scale (VAS), total amount of intramuscular analgesic administration, hospital stay, complications, necessity for re-operation and satisfaction of patients were all assessed. Results: The mean operating time was similar between two groups (the drained and non-drained groups). The mean VAS score was found to be significantly low in the non-drained group patients in postoperative day (POD) 0 and POD 1. The mean amount of intramuscular analgesic requirement was significantly less in the non-drained group. One case of hematoma, two cases of seroma and three cases of transient hypoparathyroidism occurred in the non-drained group, whereas one case of hematoma, two cases of seroma, two cases of wound infections and two cases of transient hypoparathyroidism occurred in the drained group. No patient needed re-operation for any complication. The mean hospital stay was significantly shorter and the satisfaction of patients was superior in the non-drained group. Conclusion: These findings suggest that postoperative complications cannot be prevented by using drains after total thyroidectomy or lobectomy for benign thyroid disorders. Furthermore, the use of drains may increase postoperative pain and the analgesic requirement, and prolong the hospital stay. In the light of these findings, the routine use of drains might not be necessary after thyroid surgery for benign disorders.
文摘The Federal Commission for Protection against Health Risks in Mexico （COFEPRIS） is responsible for the regulation and health promotion of the production, commercialization, import, export, publicity or involuntary exposure of medicines and technologies for health. For its part, the Mexican Institute of Industrial Property （IMPI） is a decentralized public body with legal personality, own property and legal authority to administer the industrial property system in our country. In the year 2000, on September 19, the official journal published the linking of patents related to allopathic medicines and the sanitary registry. Objectives： To publicize the process of linking the Sanitary-Patent Registry as a case study to delimit the scope of the new pharmaceutical products. Methodology： Request the information to COFEPRIS for the registration of a new pharmaceutical product; Establish flow diagrams for the registration of： innovative products, generic products, biotech products and bio similar products; Integrate the documents in the dossier of the pharmaceutical product for sanitary registration; Elaborate sworn letter of non-invasion of patents and study of patents; Submit the Health Registry; Intergovernmental consultation. Sanitary Registry Results： Search of patents in databases to elaborate state of the art, to write letter under protest to say truth that is not invading any patent, when developing a composition of cetuximab, as generic product since the patent molecule expired in 2016 and 11 patents related to compositions, preparations and finished product preparation processes. Conclusions： COFEPRIS will determine through intergovernmental consultation with the IMPI whether or not a patent is invaded, according to the case it will grant the registration or send the corresponding prevention for cetuximab, in case that invading can also be a refusal of grant.
基金Supported by the Major Scientific and Technical Program of Chongqing Municipality(CSTC,2010AA1023)~~
文摘The present study set its research background in the scientific develop- ment at present and in the future, the actual production needs, and the goal of building a bigger and stronger mustard industry. On the basis of a comprehensive and systematic investigation and a scientific analysis of the development status of mustard industry, especially the technical bottlenecks and problems constraining the industrialized production of mustard in south China, the present study proposed spe- cific research ideas, prospects, suggestions and measures accordingly. It was hoped to provide powerful technical support to promote the industrialized, healthy and sus- tainable development of the mustard industry in south China, and be of practical im- plications for the enrichment of people＇s ＂vegetable baskets＂ and the restructuring of the vegetable industry.
文摘Osteochondral （OC） lesions are characterized by defects in two different zones, the cartilage region and subchondral bone region. These lesions are frequently associated with mechanical instability, as well as osteoarthritic degenerative changes in the knee. The lack of spontaneous healing and the drawbacks of the current treatments have increased the attention from the scientific community to this issue. Different tissue engineering approaches have been attempted using different polymers and different scaffolds＇ processing. However, the current conventional techniques do not allow the full control over scaffold fabrication, and in this type of approaches, the tuning ability is the key to success in tissue regeneration. In this sense, the researchers have placed their efforts in the development of solid free-form （SFF） techniques. These techniques allow tuning different properties at the micro-macro scale, creating scaffolds with appropriate features for OC tissue engineering. In this review, it is discussed the current SFF techniques used in OC tissue engineering and presented their promising results and current challenges.
基金Financial support provided by the National Key Research and Development Project （2017YFD0101002）, the Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province （201601 D021128）, the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences （YBSJJ1808）, the CAAS Innovation Team （CAAS-GJHZ201700X）, and the National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding is gratefully appreciated.
文摘Wheatgrasses （Thinopyrum spp.）, which are relatives of wheat （Triticum aestivum L）, have a perennial growth habit and offer resistance to a diversity of biotic and abiotic stresses, making them useful in wheat improvement. Many of these desirable traits from Thinopyrum spp. have been used to develop wheat cultivars by introgression breeding. The perennial growth habit of wheatgrasses inherits as a complex quantitative trait that is controlled by many unknown genes. Previous studies have indicated that Thinopyrum spp. are able to hybridize with wheat and produce viable/stable amphiploids or partial amphiploids. Meanwhile, efforts have been made to develop perennial wheat by domestication of Thinopyrum spp. The most promising perennial wheat-Thinopyrum lines can be used as grain and/or forage crops, which combine the desirable traits of both parents. The wheat-Thinopyrum lines can adapt to diverse agricultural systems. This paper summarizes the development of perennial wheat based on Thinopyrum, and the genetic aspects, breeding methods, and perspectives of wheat-Thinopyrum hybrids.
文摘Unintended pregnancy rates remain high throughout the World and increase the risk of poor maternal and infant outcomes.Most of unintended pregnancies occur in women who were not using contraceptionor who became pregnant despite the reported use of contraception.Women who have had recent unprotected intercourse including those who have had another form of contraception fail are potential candidates for this intervention.Currently used em-ergency contraceptive methods are pills that contain combined estrogen-progesterone,only progestin,antiprogestins and copper intrauterine devices.The most common form of this type of contraception is oral progestin-only pills(levonorgestrel).The most effective method is copper intrauterine devices followed by anti-progestins and oral progestin-only pills.The major pathogenesis of oral emergency contraceptives is the prevention or delay of ovulation.Although conception is possible on only a few days of the cycle,emergency contraception is offered when indicated without regard to the timing of the menstrual cycle because of uncertainty in the timing of the ovulation.Levonorgestrel and E/P regimes are most effective as soon as possible after unprotected sexual intercourse.A linear relationship has been shown between ef-fectiveness and the time of dose.The effectiveness continues for 120 h,but it is recommended to be used within 72 h after intercourse.Intrauterine devices may prevent pregnancy when 5 d after ovulation.
基金This work was financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China （81600838, 51502262）, Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang, China （2017C01054）, Medical Technology and Education of Zhejiang Province of China （2016KYB178）, Research Science and Technology Department of Zhejiang Province social welfare development projects under Grant 2013C33161, Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Provence of China under Grant LY 15H 160019, and Ningbo Natural Science Foundation 2016A610166.
文摘Previous studies have suggested that the transforming growth factor-β receptor ALK5 is crucial for articular chondrogenesis by bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Here, the wild-type ALK5 plasmids were mutated by overlapping extended PCR and transfected into bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. The knee joint osteoarthritis mouse model was constructed by cutting oft＂ the anterior cruciate ligament and divided into three groups： saline group, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and ALK5-transfected bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells group. HE staining showed that the articular cartilage lesions were more serious of saline group compared with that of mesenchymal stem cell group, and this trend was more pronounced as time goes on. Immunohistochemical staining showed that although the expression level of type II collagen in all three groups down-regulated gradually upon time, its expression in ALK5-transfected bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells group was significantly enhanced compared with the other two groups. Micro-CT also suggested that ALK5 transfection of mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells would promote repairing the knee cartilage lesions with arthritis of the mice. Although the osteoarthritis mechanism underlying a variety of factors work together, and the appropriate proportion of ALKS/ALK1 was also emphasized for the treatment of osteoarthritis. This work therefore demonstrated that ALK5 transfection of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells could be a promising stem cell therapy for repair of cartilage lesions.
文摘Through the in vitro cell-based assay, a series of experiments to investigate the efficacy of "space ginseng yeast", which were obtained from space breeding technology and modern fermentation engineering were conducted in order to provide theoretical basis and scientific guide for the potential applications in cosmetic areas from various aspects. The results have shown that this active ingredient can improve the proliferation, colony forming efficiency and Scratch repair ability of human primary keratinocytes. Moreover, it can significantly increase the expression of Perlecan which is key protein in the basal layer of the skin. Meanwhile, "space ginseng yeast" can help the cell morphology recovery and improve Perlecan, collagen I and elastin expression on the fibroblasts after heavy ion irradiation. All of these results showed that the "space ginseng yeast" displays potential applications on skin regeneration in cosmetic industry.
