Research on the Historical Data of the 1585 A. D. South Chaoxian Earthquake and Its Seismogenic Structure

In 1585,a MS5 3/4 earthquake occurred in the south of Chaoxian county,Anhui Province. The parameters of this earthquake were reported differently in various versions of earthquake catalogues. According to detailed textual research on the historic records of this earthquake,the epicenter location of the earthquake was further confirmed by means of seismo-geological field investigations in the Chaohu-Tongling region along the western Yangtze River valleys. Shallow seismic prospecting and drilling methods were applied in studying the buried fault. The possibility of the existence of seismogenic faults and fault activity in the western Yangtze River area were analyzed in depth,and the causative tectonic background of the 1585 MS5 3/4 south Chaoxian earthquake was studied. The results of this study indicate that the Yanjiaqiao-Fengshahu fault,which was active in the early to mid-Pleistocene,is possibly the causative structure of this earthquake. To identifying the seismogenic structure of the 1585 south Chaoxian earthquake will help gain more knowledge about the tectonic background of moderate and small earthquake activity in Eastern China.

Tectonic Features of the M_S8.0 Wenchuan Earthquake and Its Aftershocks

The M8.0 Wenchuan earthquake occurred on the Longmenshan fault zone. Based on field investigation of the surface rupture and focal mechanism study of the aftershocks, we discuss the geological relationship of the main, secondary and triggered ruptures. The main rupture is about 200km long and can be divided into the south part and the north part. The south part consists of two parallel fault zones characterized by reverse faulting, with several parallel secondary ruptures on the hanging wall of the main fault, and the north part is a single main fault zone characterized by lateral strike-slip and reverse faulting. Compared to a 300km long aftershock distribution, the surface rupture only occupies 200km, and the remaining lOOkm on the northeast of the main rupture was triggered by aftershocks. Study on the ruptures of this earthquake will be useful for studying the earthquake risk evolution on the Longmenshan fault system.

Tectonic Mechanism of the Suining(Ms5.0) Earthquake,Center of Sichuan Basin,China

On Jan.31 of 2010,the Suining earthquake occurred at Suining City whch is located the center of Sichuan Basin.It is unusual for the strong earthquake to occur at the center of Sichuan Basin with a stable geotectonic environment and a low-level historical seismicity.The macro-epicenter of the earthquake is located at Moxi town of Suining city,Sichuan province,China.The earthquake intensity of the epicenter area is degree VII,and the long axis of the isoseismal line trends in NE orientation.The Suining earthquake caused the collapse or destruction of 460 family houses.The earthquake focal mechanism solution and records of the near-field seismographic stations showed the earthquake occurred at the reverse fault at a depth 34 km.Based on the waveform and focal mechanism,we consider the Suning earthquake is triggered by the reverse fault and not by the gravitational collapse or man-made explosive sources.Basing on seismic refraction profile and borehole,we consider that the earthquake is triggered by the backthrust fault of Moxi anticline rooted in detachments at a depth 3-4 km.Furthermore,we infer that tectonic mechanism of the Suining(Ms5.0) Earthquake is driven by the horizontal crustal shortening and stress adjustment on a shallow detachment after the Wenchuan(Ms 8.0) earthquake.

Determination of the Seismogenic Structure of the 1861 East of Pulandian M6.0 earthquake

The 1861 M6. 0 earthquake occurring in the east of Pulandian is another strong earthquake with M ≥ 6. 0 besides the 1975 Haicheng MT. 3 earthquake in the Liaodong peninsula. Through repeated investigations, the epicenter of the 1861 earthquake was located at Gupao, a village east of Pulandian. Based on the analyses of damage survey and precise location of modern instrumental earthquake data, the activity and seismic risk of the Jinzhou fault, Pulandian bay fault and the NW-trending Pulandian fault were analyzed. And by comparing the deep seismogenic environment between Pulandian and Haicheng, it is found that, as a neogenic active fault, the NW-trending fault, conjugated with the Jinzhou fault, has a higher seismic risk. The NW-trending fault is the seismogenic structure of the 1861 M6. 0 earthquake. And the Jinzhou fault, as a major fault in the Liaodong Peninsula, has controlled the seismicity of the region. The Pulandian bay fault is relatively inactive, with weak seismicity, and unrelated to the earthquake.

A study on abnormal temperature variation of the earthquake in Jiujiang, China （2005） according＇to additive tectonics stress

A variation model of additive tectonics stress caused by celestial tide-generating force is put forward to explain its relationship with seismic fault sliding. Based on the model, the temperature data from National Center for Environmental Prediction （NCEP） before and after the earthquake in Jiujiang （China） on Nov.26, 2005 are studied. The figure of the temperature variation describes the effect of celestial tide-generating force on fault plane. The variation＇of temperature is not only associated with the seismic deformation but also in step with the evolution of fi＇iction of rock under the stress. The abnormal change of temperature can be used in the studies of short- impending earthquakes.

Relocation of Earthquakes in Shandong and Its Neighboring Areas,China and Its Relationship with Active Tectonics

Earthquakes taking place from 1975 to 2010 in and around Shandong Province are relocated using double-difference(HypoDD)and Hypoinvers 2000(Hypo2000)methods,after correction of the onset times of seismic phases.The results show that the relocated seismicity is clearly associated with regional tectonics in space,and is also in agreement with the existence of deep faults imaged by wide-angle and deep seismic reflection profiling;most of the focal depths are in the range of 5～25km,and there are clearly two predominant depths:10km and 16km,which are inferred to be on the bottom of the upper crust and in the middle crust,respectively.The pattern of seismic activity indicates that moderate and strong earthquakes are likely to occur in the brittle-ductile transition zone between the upper and the lower crust,as the outcome of the deep tectonic dynamic process and the movement and deformation of faults in the upper and shallow crust under the regional stress field.

A Kind of Sustainable Craft Making： Equal and Flexible Participation in Piecing Acehnese Hat

Terms of sustainable and sustainability have been employed in various sectors and fields since around 1990. To make a society sustainable needs to find ways of having sustainable local activities. The ways may be to find and revitalize local resources, or to support new life styles by accepting outsider＇s new ideas. I see those ways often taken from a perspective that the ways require a structure or institutional organization. To explore in-between ways, it would be better to have an alternative perspective and useful to learn from Southeast Asian cases of managing diversity while accepting new ways （cf. Reid, 2015）. In this essay, I focus on a sustainable craft making of a men＇s hat kopiah meuketob in Aceh, Sumatra, which is traditional item for marriage but has been used in various imaginative ways and has been shaping a regional ＂craft-scape.＂ I examine such ways and various facets of making the hat and conclude that a lesson from the case for making things sustainable is equal and flexible ways of participating in production processes.

自我中的陌生性:超越论交互主体性的发生

胡塞尔的同感理论难言成功,因为作为对陌生经验的静态意向分析,它最终无法澄清在超越论经验领域中已被给予的他人的陌生性的来源。实际上恰恰相反,对类比统觉的静态构造总已经预设了一种对陌生者的被动构造。这一发生性的被动构造被胡塞尔回溯至一种先于一切个体化的原初意识生活,即原自我的原生活,并最终回溯至为原自我建构的开端即前自我。在原意向生活中,前自我与原质素在本能意向的满足模态中的原融合,是对共当下作用的共主体的非课题化的本原意识的,更是对他人的课题化统觉——同感——的最终的发生性开端。