核电站控制棒电源系统相复励发电机短路故障的解析计算

针对核电站控制棒电源系统,现有保护仅采用以额定电流为定值的定时限过流保护作为短路后备保护,导致该系统已发生多起过流保护抢先动作与失磁保护失配的事件。解决保护失配问题的关键在于对控制棒电源系统发电机短路故障电流的准确解析,解析重点在于考虑发电机实际采用的相复励无刷励磁方式对故障电流的影响,而相复励励磁电流由并励电压对应的励磁分量和复励电流对应的励磁分量合成产生。经过合理的假设与模型简化,结合发电机基本方程和励磁系统数学模型,推导得到了并励电压分量作用下的三相短路电流。引入复励电流分量作用,根据励磁电流变化对短路电流进行修正,得到了包含暂态分量和稳态分量的相复励发电机三相短路电流时域解析表达式。由正序等效定则扩展得到两相短路电流的时域解析表达式。基于PSCAD/EMTDC平台建立了控制棒电源系统电磁暂态模型,对理论分析结果进行了验证,进一步对保护优化方法进行了讨论。

发电机断路器实时数字仿真建模

通过引入可变电阻模型的方式,实现了电弧电阻模拟电弧电压的思路,在RTDS仿真环境中搭建了发电机断路器模型,并以该模型为基础,搭建了发电机源三相接地故障仿真网络。以具有最大非对称度的某相为例,分别仿真研究了发电机源三相接地故障后,不考虑发电机断路器开断过程中电弧电阻以及故障位置电阻时、仅考虑故障位置电阻时以及仅考虑发电机断路器开断过程中电弧电阻时,该相短路电流变化。最后,利用RTDS/RSCAD的Playback录波回放功能,分析比较了不同状况下的仿真结果,从而得出电弧对发电机断路器电源侧短路电流的影响。仿真结果可作为确定发电机断路器电源侧短路电流开断能力的参考依据。

Analysis of Short Circuit Faults in a System Fed by Wind Turbine

Short circuit and ground failures that are quite common in power transmission lines are investigated. These failures are designed considering a system that is supplied by this wind system, and analyses are interpreted. In the study, a system is set up and it is fed by the wind turbine. Furthermore, the mathematical model of wind turbine and generator is prepared and the results obtained from the simulation are evaluated. The short circuit and ground fault analyzes were performed separately for each of the three phases. ATP （alternative transient program）-EMTP （electromagnetic transients program） program is used in the analysis and the results obtained were found to be quite compatible.