Costaria costata(C.Agardh) Saunders is one of common kelps distributed in many coastal areas worldwide;however,in China,no reports have been made on cultivation of the genus.To investigate potential cultivation of the...Costaria costata(C.Agardh) Saunders is one of common kelps distributed in many coastal areas worldwide;however,in China,no reports have been made on cultivation of the genus.To investigate potential cultivation of the species in the northern part of China,trials on isolation and preservation of the gametophytes were conducted using C.costata from Korea;growth and development of the gametophytes were observed.We showed that at 10±1°C,60 μmol m-2s-1 and 12:12 h(L:D),freshly released zoospores settled down within 1 hour,and then developed into the primary cell during the following 2 days.After a vegetative growth phase lasting 6-8 days,female gametophytes became 3-4 times larger in diameter than that of the primary cell,but still remained at a unicellular stage,while male gametophytes divided into 4-10 cells with only a slight change in size.Fertilization occurred within 10 days after the zoospores were released from the sporangia,and the apical and basal tissues of the juvenile sporophyte divided and differentiated into the blade and stipe.Temperature and irradiance influenced gametophytic vegetative growth and developmental patterns.Generally,low irradiance(15 μmol m-2s-1 and 30 μmol m-2s-1) was unfavorable to the induction of fertility,but it enhanced female gametophyte division.The optimal conditions for vegetative growth were 15°C and 30 μmol m-2s-1.After transplantation of the juvenile seedlings and after eight months cultivation,the harvested mature blade reached 194 cm in length and 32.7 cm in width.Our study proves that it is feasible to implement propagation and large scale cultivation of C.costata in northern China.展开更多
Plants undergo a series of developmental transitions during their life cycle. After seed germination, plants pass through two distinct phases: the vegetative phase in which leaves are produced and the reproductive pha...Plants undergo a series of developmental transitions during their life cycle. After seed germination, plants pass through two distinct phases: the vegetative phase in which leaves are produced and the reproductive phase in which flowering occurs. Based on the reproductive competence and morphological changes, the vegetative phase can be further divided into juvenile and adult phases. Here, we demonstrate that the difference between juvenile and adult phase of Nicotiana tabacum is characterized by the changes in leaf size, leaf shape as well as the number of leaf epidermal hairs(trichomes). We further show that miR156, an age-regulated microR NA, regulates juvenile-to-adult phase transition in N. tabacum. Overexpression of miR156 results in delayed juvenile-to-adult transition and flowering. Together, our results support an evolutionarily conserved role of miR156 in plant developmental transitions.展开更多
基金Supported by the Shandong Agriculture Seedstocks Projectthe Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.KSCX2-YW-N-247-02)
文摘Costaria costata(C.Agardh) Saunders is one of common kelps distributed in many coastal areas worldwide;however,in China,no reports have been made on cultivation of the genus.To investigate potential cultivation of the species in the northern part of China,trials on isolation and preservation of the gametophytes were conducted using C.costata from Korea;growth and development of the gametophytes were observed.We showed that at 10±1°C,60 μmol m-2s-1 and 12:12 h(L:D),freshly released zoospores settled down within 1 hour,and then developed into the primary cell during the following 2 days.After a vegetative growth phase lasting 6-8 days,female gametophytes became 3-4 times larger in diameter than that of the primary cell,but still remained at a unicellular stage,while male gametophytes divided into 4-10 cells with only a slight change in size.Fertilization occurred within 10 days after the zoospores were released from the sporangia,and the apical and basal tissues of the juvenile sporophyte divided and differentiated into the blade and stipe.Temperature and irradiance influenced gametophytic vegetative growth and developmental patterns.Generally,low irradiance(15 μmol m-2s-1 and 30 μmol m-2s-1) was unfavorable to the induction of fertility,but it enhanced female gametophyte division.The optimal conditions for vegetative growth were 15°C and 30 μmol m-2s-1.After transplantation of the juvenile seedlings and after eight months cultivation,the harvested mature blade reached 194 cm in length and 32.7 cm in width.Our study proves that it is feasible to implement propagation and large scale cultivation of C.costata in northern China.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31400250)SIBS Young Investigator Program(2013KIP207)to Zhou Chuan Miao+4 种基金grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31430013,31222029,912173023)State Key Basic Research Program of China(2013CB127000)Shanghai Pujiang Program(12PJ1409900)Recruitment Program of Global Experts(China)NKLPMG Key Research Program to Wang JiaW ei
文摘Plants undergo a series of developmental transitions during their life cycle. After seed germination, plants pass through two distinct phases: the vegetative phase in which leaves are produced and the reproductive phase in which flowering occurs. Based on the reproductive competence and morphological changes, the vegetative phase can be further divided into juvenile and adult phases. Here, we demonstrate that the difference between juvenile and adult phase of Nicotiana tabacum is characterized by the changes in leaf size, leaf shape as well as the number of leaf epidermal hairs(trichomes). We further show that miR156, an age-regulated microR NA, regulates juvenile-to-adult phase transition in N. tabacum. Overexpression of miR156 results in delayed juvenile-to-adult transition and flowering. Together, our results support an evolutionarily conserved role of miR156 in plant developmental transitions.
