Isolated agenesis of the gallbladder is a rare anomaly, often asymptomatic. However, one patient out of four presented with right upper abdominal pain, nausea, and fatty food intolerance. The condition is frequently m...Isolated agenesis of the gallbladder is a rare anomaly, often asymptomatic. However, one patient out of four presented with right upper abdominal pain, nausea, and fatty food intolerance. The condition is frequently mistaken with an excluded or sclero-atrophic gallbladder, regardless of the imaging modality used. Consequently, AG often leads to unnecessary and potentially dangerous laparoscopic surgery as described in a few case reports over the last 10 years. The aim of this study is to clarify the diagnostic and therapeutic approach of this unusual pathology. Two cases seen in our institutions were retrospectively reviewed, together with a review of the American and European literature. During laparoscopy, the absence of normal anatomical structures and the impossibility of pulling on the gallbladder to expose and dissect the triangle of Callot increases the risk of iatrogenic injury to biliary or portal structures. Depending on the experiment of the surgeon in laparoscopic procedure, this has to be taken into account to decide a conversion to laparotomy. A high index of suspicion is necessary when interpreting the radiological images. In case of doubt, a MRI-cholangiography is mandatory. Because of possible inherited transmission, relatives with a history of biliary symptoms should be investigated.展开更多
Application of inorganic fertilizers improves crop yields but costs and adverse health effects often discourage their applications. This study therefore aims at evaluating the combined effects of cassava peel compost ...Application of inorganic fertilizers improves crop yields but costs and adverse health effects often discourage their applications. This study therefore aims at evaluating the combined effects of cassava peel compost with poultry manure and mineral fertilizer on growth and yields of Corchorus olitorius. Pots （factorial laid out in a randomized complete block design） and field （split-plot with fertilizer being the main effect and the varieties the sub plot effect） experiments were carried out during rainy season at Ibadan, Nigeria. Treatments consisted of 0, 5, l0 and 20 t/ha composts prepared from cassava peel and poultry manure in ratio 3：1 and mineral fertilizer （NPK 15：15：15） at the rate of 250 kg/ha, using two varieties of C. olitorius. Five and six weeks after planting （WAP）, plants were assessed for growth and yields in pot and field experiments respectively, and also in residual studies. Application of compost significantly improved growth （heights） （36.50-41.56 cm）, while morphological and dry weight values increased with increase in compost. Marketable yield increase of 13.2%, 22.3%, 32.1% and 29.3% were recorded using 5, 10, 20 t/ha compost and NPK fertilizer respectively in the field. Corresponding increase when ratooned were 40.0%, 42.9%, 57.1% and 52.0%, respectively. Application of compost at the rate of 20 t/ha performed better in the main and residual effect experiments compared to NPK fertilizer and other compost rates. Application of cassavas peels compost at the rate of 20 t/ha proved to be adequate for optimum growth and yield performance of C. olitorius.展开更多
文摘Isolated agenesis of the gallbladder is a rare anomaly, often asymptomatic. However, one patient out of four presented with right upper abdominal pain, nausea, and fatty food intolerance. The condition is frequently mistaken with an excluded or sclero-atrophic gallbladder, regardless of the imaging modality used. Consequently, AG often leads to unnecessary and potentially dangerous laparoscopic surgery as described in a few case reports over the last 10 years. The aim of this study is to clarify the diagnostic and therapeutic approach of this unusual pathology. Two cases seen in our institutions were retrospectively reviewed, together with a review of the American and European literature. During laparoscopy, the absence of normal anatomical structures and the impossibility of pulling on the gallbladder to expose and dissect the triangle of Callot increases the risk of iatrogenic injury to biliary or portal structures. Depending on the experiment of the surgeon in laparoscopic procedure, this has to be taken into account to decide a conversion to laparotomy. A high index of suspicion is necessary when interpreting the radiological images. In case of doubt, a MRI-cholangiography is mandatory. Because of possible inherited transmission, relatives with a history of biliary symptoms should be investigated.
文摘Application of inorganic fertilizers improves crop yields but costs and adverse health effects often discourage their applications. This study therefore aims at evaluating the combined effects of cassava peel compost with poultry manure and mineral fertilizer on growth and yields of Corchorus olitorius. Pots （factorial laid out in a randomized complete block design） and field （split-plot with fertilizer being the main effect and the varieties the sub plot effect） experiments were carried out during rainy season at Ibadan, Nigeria. Treatments consisted of 0, 5, l0 and 20 t/ha composts prepared from cassava peel and poultry manure in ratio 3：1 and mineral fertilizer （NPK 15：15：15） at the rate of 250 kg/ha, using two varieties of C. olitorius. Five and six weeks after planting （WAP）, plants were assessed for growth and yields in pot and field experiments respectively, and also in residual studies. Application of compost significantly improved growth （heights） （36.50-41.56 cm）, while morphological and dry weight values increased with increase in compost. Marketable yield increase of 13.2%, 22.3%, 32.1% and 29.3% were recorded using 5, 10, 20 t/ha compost and NPK fertilizer respectively in the field. Corresponding increase when ratooned were 40.0%, 42.9%, 57.1% and 52.0%, respectively. Application of compost at the rate of 20 t/ha performed better in the main and residual effect experiments compared to NPK fertilizer and other compost rates. Application of cassavas peels compost at the rate of 20 t/ha proved to be adequate for optimum growth and yield performance of C. olitorius.
