The research explored adaptability maize seed coating agent in spring sowing and effects of ultra-fine powder shaped areas in northeast China. The results showed that germination potential and rate both improved aroun...The research explored adaptability maize seed coating agent in spring sowing and effects of ultra-fine powder shaped areas in northeast China. The results showed that germination potential and rate both improved around 5% and the num- ber of root increased by 4% in the treatments with ultra-fine powder shaped maize seed coating agent compared with the control group without seed coating. What＇s more, the treatments with ultra-fine powder shaped maize seed coating agent took advantages in terms of fresh weight of seeding, stem diameter, and dry weight. It is notable that control effects on underground insects performed the best, with per- centage over 94%, which is more excellent relative to other agents in markets. Therefore, ultra-fine powder shaped maize seed coating agent can be widely applied in spring sowing areas in northeast China, without side effects.展开更多
We evaluated whether hydro-priming could improve vigour characteristics and seedling emergence of local maize （Zea mays L.） landraces compared to two commercial hybrids under water stress at the University of KwaZul...We evaluated whether hydro-priming could improve vigour characteristics and seedling emergence of local maize （Zea mays L.） landraces compared to two commercial hybrids under water stress at the University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg. Seeds from local landraces were produced and characterized according to kernel colour, white （Land A） and purple （Land B）, and compared to two hybrids, SC701 and SR52, which are popular amongst local farmers. Seeds from each variety were soaked in water for 0 hours （unprimed or control）, 12 hours and 24 hours, and germinated in a germination chamber at 25 ℃ for 8 days. Parameters measured included final germination, mean germination time （MGT） and germination velocity index （GVI）. Seedling emergence was performed in seedling trays, using pine bark wetted to 25% or 75% of field capacity （FC）, for 21 days in a temperature-controlled glasshouse （25 ℃day; 15 ℃night; 60% RH）. Parameters measured included final emergence, mean emergence time （MET）, root and shoot lengths, and leaf area. Priming landraces for 12 and 24 hours reduced MGT by 9% and 7%, respectively, compared to 5% in hybrids for both 12 and 24 hours priming. GVI of landraces was improved by 40% following 12 hours of priming. GVI of hybrids was 11% and 7% slower than landraces after priming seeds for 12 and 24 hours, respectively. Priming seeds for 24 hours improved emergence at 25% FC. Priming seeds for 24 hours reduced MET for all varieties. Priming seeds for 12 and 24 hours increased leaf area by 33.8% and 29%, respectively. Hydro-priming seeds for 12 and 24 hours, respectively, improved GVI, reduced MGT and improved emergence and MET of maize landraces under water stress. Performance of hybrid seeds remains superior to that of landraces even after seed treatment to improve germination and vigour. The positive response of landraces to seed treatment, and improved performance under water stress conditions, suggest that there is a need to identify genes for vigour in landrace maize.展开更多
Each component of rice bran fermentation(RBF)of Bacillus natto was extracted and its antioxidant activity was tested.By dint of thin layer chromatography,the antioxidant components were separated.The sample isolated f...Each component of rice bran fermentation(RBF)of Bacillus natto was extracted and its antioxidant activity was tested.By dint of thin layer chromatography,the antioxidant components were separated.The sample isolated from TLC for ethyl acetate phase and ether phase was analyzed by GC-MS.Results indicated that the antioxidant activity of large components in rice bran fermentation was low.The constituents of extracted phase had antioxidant activity apart from the petroleum ether phase.The constituents of ethyl acetate phase and Ether phase had best antioxidant activity,163 and 168 kU/g,respectively.The main composition of ethyl acetate phase was allyl group methyl-thioether and the main composition of ether phase included 3,5-dimethyl phenol,2,4-dipl-tert-Butyl and Fluazifop.展开更多
In the present work, we investigated the effect of Mucuna deeringiana defatted bran on seed germination of soybean （Glycine max L. Merrill）. For this, the defatted bran was obtained from different operational condit...In the present work, we investigated the effect of Mucuna deeringiana defatted bran on seed germination of soybean （Glycine max L. Merrill）. For this, the defatted bran was obtained from different operational conditions using CO2 under pressurized conditions as solvent. Oil extractions were carried out in a laboratorial scale unit at temperatures ranging from 310 to 330 K, pressure from 15 to 25 MPa and solvent flow set in 3 mL min^-1. The experiment was conducted in a germination chamber （25℃, 12：12 h light：dark photoperiod）, and the germination rate and germination speed index （GSI） were evaluated for seven days. The results showed that the oil extraction with supercritical CO2 concentrates the allelochemical L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine （L-DOPA） in bran with levels from 1.86% to 4.65%. Subsequent experiments revealed that the rate of soybean seed germination was not affected by defatted bran whereas the GSI increased significantly after treatment. In brief, we concluded that the extraction process with supercritical CO2 is efficient to obtain L-DOPA of Mucuna, which influences the soybean seed germination.展开更多
This study aimed to evaluate the potential use of Thai rice for the production of prebiotic isomalto-oligosaccharides through fungal fermentation. Solid-state fermentations of two rice varieties, waxy rice RD6 and non...This study aimed to evaluate the potential use of Thai rice for the production of prebiotic isomalto-oligosaccharides through fungal fermentation. Solid-state fermentations of two rice varieties, waxy rice RD6 and non-waxy rice KDM 105 with Aspergillus oryzae TISTR 3108 were compared. The effects of the main parameters such as incubation time, temperature, pH, fungal spore inoculum size and moisture content were also studied individually to maximise the isomalto-oligosaccharides yield. Results showed that the maximum values of amylolytic activity and total reducing sugar were observed when using rice in SSF with initial moisture content of 70% and inoculated with the inoculum size of 107 spores/g. The optimal conditions of SSF were performed at initial pH 6 and 30 ~C for 5 d. SSF of waxy rice RD6 with Aspergillus oryzae produced highest concentrations of isomalto-oligosaccharides which consisted of isomaltose, panose and isomaltotriose. After fermentation, mashing was used to further hydrolyse the remaining starch in rice slurry. The subsequent rice syrup contained high amounts of isomaltose, panose and isomaltotriose with the values of 44, 10 and 7 g/L respectively.展开更多
The paper presents a study on the effects of low intensity laser irradiation on morphological changes in plants sprouted from maize hybrid seeds （two hybrids） and wheat seeds. Pre-sowing laser irradiation treatment ...The paper presents a study on the effects of low intensity laser irradiation on morphological changes in plants sprouted from maize hybrid seeds （two hybrids） and wheat seeds. Pre-sowing laser irradiation treatment on the seeds was done, intervals from 10 s to 15 min （approximately）, by using a diode laser output power of 12 mW at 904 nm wavelength or with He-Ne laser with output power of 50 mW and 632.8 nm wavelength. Before irradiation seeds were divided into groups （wet and dry, and then in subgroups-irradiated or control groups）. We used maize hybrids, Amilacea and Identata and wheat （Triticum aestivum）. The reflection coefficient in visible range was done for maize varieties. Obtained data show the influence of laser beam to better plant growth. Better results are obtained for dry seed irradiation than for wet. In order to investigate the effect of laser beam and in general to clarify a lot of unsolved photo processes related to bioorganisms at macroscopic and microscopic levels, some optical constants of selected plant families were researched. At the same time, the influence of laser beams of common wavelengths to the selected plants was monitored. Morphological processes of plants （seeds and leaves） irradiated under different conditions and plant growing dynamics were contemplated. The definite correlation analyses of obtained results were made, clearly speaking about the influence of small-dose radiation to characteristics （quantitative and other genetic, bio-stimulating effects） of future plant growth.展开更多
基金Supported by Key Projects in the National Science&Technology Pillar Program~~
文摘The research explored adaptability maize seed coating agent in spring sowing and effects of ultra-fine powder shaped areas in northeast China. The results showed that germination potential and rate both improved around 5% and the num- ber of root increased by 4% in the treatments with ultra-fine powder shaped maize seed coating agent compared with the control group without seed coating. What＇s more, the treatments with ultra-fine powder shaped maize seed coating agent took advantages in terms of fresh weight of seeding, stem diameter, and dry weight. It is notable that control effects on underground insects performed the best, with per- centage over 94%, which is more excellent relative to other agents in markets. Therefore, ultra-fine powder shaped maize seed coating agent can be widely applied in spring sowing areas in northeast China, without side effects.
文摘We evaluated whether hydro-priming could improve vigour characteristics and seedling emergence of local maize （Zea mays L.） landraces compared to two commercial hybrids under water stress at the University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg. Seeds from local landraces were produced and characterized according to kernel colour, white （Land A） and purple （Land B）, and compared to two hybrids, SC701 and SR52, which are popular amongst local farmers. Seeds from each variety were soaked in water for 0 hours （unprimed or control）, 12 hours and 24 hours, and germinated in a germination chamber at 25 ℃ for 8 days. Parameters measured included final germination, mean germination time （MGT） and germination velocity index （GVI）. Seedling emergence was performed in seedling trays, using pine bark wetted to 25% or 75% of field capacity （FC）, for 21 days in a temperature-controlled glasshouse （25 ℃day; 15 ℃night; 60% RH）. Parameters measured included final emergence, mean emergence time （MET）, root and shoot lengths, and leaf area. Priming landraces for 12 and 24 hours reduced MGT by 9% and 7%, respectively, compared to 5% in hybrids for both 12 and 24 hours priming. GVI of landraces was improved by 40% following 12 hours of priming. GVI of hybrids was 11% and 7% slower than landraces after priming seeds for 12 and 24 hours, respectively. Priming seeds for 24 hours improved emergence at 25% FC. Priming seeds for 24 hours reduced MET for all varieties. Priming seeds for 12 and 24 hours increased leaf area by 33.8% and 29%, respectively. Hydro-priming seeds for 12 and 24 hours, respectively, improved GVI, reduced MGT and improved emergence and MET of maize landraces under water stress. Performance of hybrid seeds remains superior to that of landraces even after seed treatment to improve germination and vigour. The positive response of landraces to seed treatment, and improved performance under water stress conditions, suggest that there is a need to identify genes for vigour in landrace maize.
基金Supported by Young Pioneer Teacher Fund of Xinyang Normal University in Henan Province(2006-014)Natural Scientific Fund of Educational Bureau in Henan Province(2011B180050)
文摘Each component of rice bran fermentation(RBF)of Bacillus natto was extracted and its antioxidant activity was tested.By dint of thin layer chromatography,the antioxidant components were separated.The sample isolated from TLC for ethyl acetate phase and ether phase was analyzed by GC-MS.Results indicated that the antioxidant activity of large components in rice bran fermentation was low.The constituents of extracted phase had antioxidant activity apart from the petroleum ether phase.The constituents of ethyl acetate phase and Ether phase had best antioxidant activity,163 and 168 kU/g,respectively.The main composition of ethyl acetate phase was allyl group methyl-thioether and the main composition of ether phase included 3,5-dimethyl phenol,2,4-dipl-tert-Butyl and Fluazifop.
文摘In the present work, we investigated the effect of Mucuna deeringiana defatted bran on seed germination of soybean （Glycine max L. Merrill）. For this, the defatted bran was obtained from different operational conditions using CO2 under pressurized conditions as solvent. Oil extractions were carried out in a laboratorial scale unit at temperatures ranging from 310 to 330 K, pressure from 15 to 25 MPa and solvent flow set in 3 mL min^-1. The experiment was conducted in a germination chamber （25℃, 12：12 h light：dark photoperiod）, and the germination rate and germination speed index （GSI） were evaluated for seven days. The results showed that the oil extraction with supercritical CO2 concentrates the allelochemical L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine （L-DOPA） in bran with levels from 1.86% to 4.65%. Subsequent experiments revealed that the rate of soybean seed germination was not affected by defatted bran whereas the GSI increased significantly after treatment. In brief, we concluded that the extraction process with supercritical CO2 is efficient to obtain L-DOPA of Mucuna, which influences the soybean seed germination.
文摘This study aimed to evaluate the potential use of Thai rice for the production of prebiotic isomalto-oligosaccharides through fungal fermentation. Solid-state fermentations of two rice varieties, waxy rice RD6 and non-waxy rice KDM 105 with Aspergillus oryzae TISTR 3108 were compared. The effects of the main parameters such as incubation time, temperature, pH, fungal spore inoculum size and moisture content were also studied individually to maximise the isomalto-oligosaccharides yield. Results showed that the maximum values of amylolytic activity and total reducing sugar were observed when using rice in SSF with initial moisture content of 70% and inoculated with the inoculum size of 107 spores/g. The optimal conditions of SSF were performed at initial pH 6 and 30 ~C for 5 d. SSF of waxy rice RD6 with Aspergillus oryzae produced highest concentrations of isomalto-oligosaccharides which consisted of isomaltose, panose and isomaltotriose. After fermentation, mashing was used to further hydrolyse the remaining starch in rice slurry. The subsequent rice syrup contained high amounts of isomaltose, panose and isomaltotriose with the values of 44, 10 and 7 g/L respectively.
文摘The paper presents a study on the effects of low intensity laser irradiation on morphological changes in plants sprouted from maize hybrid seeds （two hybrids） and wheat seeds. Pre-sowing laser irradiation treatment on the seeds was done, intervals from 10 s to 15 min （approximately）, by using a diode laser output power of 12 mW at 904 nm wavelength or with He-Ne laser with output power of 50 mW and 632.8 nm wavelength. Before irradiation seeds were divided into groups （wet and dry, and then in subgroups-irradiated or control groups）. We used maize hybrids, Amilacea and Identata and wheat （Triticum aestivum）. The reflection coefficient in visible range was done for maize varieties. Obtained data show the influence of laser beam to better plant growth. Better results are obtained for dry seed irradiation than for wet. In order to investigate the effect of laser beam and in general to clarify a lot of unsolved photo processes related to bioorganisms at macroscopic and microscopic levels, some optical constants of selected plant families were researched. At the same time, the influence of laser beams of common wavelengths to the selected plants was monitored. Morphological processes of plants （seeds and leaves） irradiated under different conditions and plant growing dynamics were contemplated. The definite correlation analyses of obtained results were made, clearly speaking about the influence of small-dose radiation to characteristics （quantitative and other genetic, bio-stimulating effects） of future plant growth.
