固态发酵豆粕发黏成因及对粉碎影响

豆粕在发酵过程中的发黏是一种必然的并且很直观的变化。试验通过质构仪将这种变化进行量化,同时研究了发酵过程中发黏的成因,及对粉碎的影响。结果表明,发黏的主要原因是小分子蛋白质和小肽的增多,并且随着发酵时间的增长黏度在不断增大。黏度对豆粕的易粉程度不是线性的,在发酵72 h前有利于豆粕的粉碎加工,而72 h后的样品不利于粉碎加工。

夏季面粉发黏原因探析及面粉粘辊问题商榷

探析夏季面粉发黏的三大原因,即:磨辊温度过高造成蛋白质热变性;重复研磨造成损伤淀粉增多;新麦的不当使用,并提出了在生产环节的相关改进措施。

泾阳-渭南活动断裂带场地形变与地层应力特征数值分析

西安地铁十号线穿越的泾阳—渭南断裂,该断裂为全新世活动断裂,黏滑发震与同震位错对地铁线路构成潜在安全威胁。为揭示泾阳—渭南断裂带黏滑发震和同震位错作用引起的场地形变与地层应力特征,以西安地铁十号线穿越泾阳—渭南断裂带为工程背景,建立断裂带场地同震位错与黏滑发震地质力学模型,考虑不同位错量及发震强度,开展断裂带场地形变及应力场特征的数值模拟分析。结果表明:同震位错下场地在断裂带附近上、下盘分别出现应力降低区和增强区,场地呈反“S”形差异沉降破坏,差异位移在断裂带处达到峰值且塑性区集中,上盘变形范围与塑性区分别为下盘的1.67倍和2.50倍;黏滑发震作用下场地在断裂带附近位移量及差异形变均达到峰值,大震时场地位移影响范围约为中震的6.50倍,且具有典型的上盘放大效应,远离断裂带时位移呈线性递减;大震时地表峰值加速度放大系数受影响范围为中震时1.14倍,场地呈“V”形剪切破坏,上盘塑性区范围约为中震时1.40倍,而下盘则为1.00倍。研究结果可为西安地铁线路穿越泾阳—渭南断裂带场地的抗震设防提供科学依据与参考借鉴。

TGF-β、bFGF、PDGF-BB在宫腔镜粘连分离术后创面渗出液中的浓度改变研究分析

目的研究分析3种粘连相关因子对行宫腔镜粘连分离术治疗后患者再发黏连的作用价值。方法选取2015年6月至2017年6月收治的宫腔粘连分离术共60例,均行宫腔镜粘连分离术进行治疗,另选取相同时间段50例中隔子宫患者设为B组,该组患者均行宫腔镜隔切除术进行治疗。收集Folay尿管流出的宫腔创面渗出液。对渗出液中的TGF-β_1(转化生长因子β_1)、PDGF-BB(血小板源性生长因子BB)、b FGF(碱性成纤维细胞因子)3项粘连细胞因子的浓度水平进行检测,检测采用ELISA法(酶联免疫吸附法)。结果 A、B两组患者TGF-β_1浓度水平从术后3小时至术后9小时逐渐升高,术后9小时逐渐升高,术后9h浓度水平最高,随后浓度水平逐渐下降。A、B两组术后6、9、12、24、48小时的TGF-β_1浓度水平均明显高于术后3小时(P<0.05)。A、B两组患者的PDGF-BB浓度从术后3小时逐渐升高趋势,术后24小时浓度水平最高,随后开始下降。A、B两组患者术后6、9、12、24、48小时的PDGF-BB浓度水平均明显高于术后3小时(P<0.05);A、B两组患者b FGF浓度水平从术后3小时至术后24小时呈逐渐升高趋势,术后24小时浓度水平最高,随后开始下降。A、B两组患者术后6、9、12、24、48小时的b FGF浓度水平均明显高于术后3小时(P<0.05)。结论宫腔镜粘连分离术治疗后宫腔创面在修复过程中不断渗出TGF-β_1、PDGF-BB、b FGF细胞因子,通过刺激成纤维细胞分泌或其他分泌方式对成纤维细胞的分化增殖起促进作用,进一步合成细胞外基质,提高了术后粘连的再次发生率。

改性双马来酰亚胺树脂在RFI工艺中的应用

通过在改性双马来酰亚胺5405树脂中加入耐高温热塑性塑料聚芳醚砜(PES),获得了满足RFI工艺要求、具有良好成膜性的5405A树脂膜。该树脂膜在室温不粘手,能够任意弯曲。在熔渗温度(130℃)下,低黏度(≤500mPa.s)的保持时间长达70min。在室温存放3个月后,不溶物含量由1.25%变化为2.02%,DSC曲线表明反应的峰始温度和峰顶温度与放置前无明显差异,130℃凝胶时间由137min变化为135min。参照5405树脂的固化工艺,制备了5405A树脂浇铸体和单向碳纤维帘子布(G0827)增强5405A复合材料,并对性能进行了评价。对比5405和5405A树脂树脂浇铸体的性能表明,5405A力学性能稍有降低,但韧性得到了明显提高。

柔版印刷1000问（11）

268.UV油墨附着力促进剂有何作用?如何使用? UV油墨对承印物附着力较差时,加入该助剂可以提高其对承印物的附着力,加入量一般不超过3%.

发泡结构胶黏剂的发展及规范

在航空航天领域,发泡结构胶黏剂应用广泛,其作用是提高制件的整体力学性能。另外,由于其密度低,有利于制件的减重。介绍了发泡结构胶的特点、作用、应用部位。主要阐述了发泡结构胶在国内外的发展历程和发泡结构胶的品种,列举了部分中温、高温发泡结构胶的主要性能指标。详述了波音公司对发泡结构胶的分类和标准要求,并对发泡结构胶黏剂的研发方向做出了展望。

轻质刨花板研究进展

目前轻质刨花板大多处于实验室研究阶段,尚未实现规模化工业生产。本文从原料种类、胶黏剂发泡、轻质填料、板坯结构设计等方面阐述国内外刨花板实现轻量化研究的进展情况。

Endoscopic mucosal resection for high-grade dysplasia and intramucosal carcinoma in Barrett's esophagus: An Italian experience

AIM： To evaluate endoscopic mucosal resection （EMR） in patients with high-grade dysplasia （HGD） and/or intramucosal cancer （IMC） in Barrett＇s esophagus （BE）. METHODS： Between June 2000 and December 2003, 39 consecutive patients with HGD （35） and/or IMC （4） underwent EMR. BE 〉30 mm was present in 27 patients. In three patients with short segment BE （25.0%）, HGD was detected in a normal appearing BE. Lesions had a mean diameter of 14.8＋10.3 ram. Mucosal resection was carried out using the cap method. RESULTS： The average size of resections was 19.7± 9.4×14.6＋8.2 mm. Histopathologic assessment postresection revealed 5 low-grade dysplasia （LGD） （12.8%）, 27 HGD （69.2%）, 2 IMC （5.1%）, and 5 SMC （-12.8%）. EMR changed the pre-treatment diagnosis in 10 patients （25.6%）. Three patients with SMC underwent surgery. Histology of the surgical specimen revealed 1 TON0 and 2 TIN0 lesions. The remaining two patients were cancer free at 32.5 and 45.6 mo, respectively. A metachronous lesion was detected after 25 mo in one patient with HGD. Intra-procedural bleeding, controlled at endoscopy, occurred in four patients （10.3%）. After a median follow-up of 34.9 mo, all patients remained in remission. CONCLUSION： In the medium term, EMR is effective and safe to treat HGD and/or IMC within BE and is a valuable staging method. It could become an alternative to surgery.

Mucosal cytokine network in inflammatory bowel disease

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) are characterized by ongoing mucosal inflammation in which dysfunction of the host immunologic response against dietary factors and commensal bacteria is involved. The chronic in-flammatory process leads to disruption of the epithelial barrier, and the formation of epithelial ulceration. This permits easy access for the luminal microbiota and dietary antigens to cells resident in the lamina pro-pria, and stimulates further pathological immune cell responses. Cytokines are essential mediators of the interactions between activated immune cells and non-immune cells, including epithelial and mesenchymal cells. The clinical efficacy of targeting TNF-α clearly indicates that cytokines are the therapeutic targets in IBD patients. In this manuscript, we focus on the bio-logical activities of recently-reported cytokines [Inter-leukin (IL)-17 cytokine family, IL-31 and IL-32], which might play a role through interaction with TNF-α in the pathophysiology of IBD.

Primary Lymphoma of Respiratory System (A Report of 11 Cases)

Objective: To analyze the clinical and pathologic features and the treatmentoutcomes of primary lymphoma of respiratory system (PLRS). Methods: The clinical manifestation,imaging changes, pathologic subtypes, treatment and overall survival of 11 patients with PLRS wereanalyzed retrospectively. Results: Of the 11 patients diagnosed with PLRS by histopathology, thetumor of 2 patients occurred in trachea and the other 9 in lung. Cough, dyspnea and fever were themost frequent symptoms. Mass or infiltrative changes could be found on the chest X-ray and/or CTscan. Two patients were diagnosed as having Hodgkin's Lymphoma (HL) and 9 having non-Hodgkin'sLymphoma (NHL), including 7 patients with low degree NHL [5 of them (55.6%) were mucosa-associatedlymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma] and 2 with intermediate degree NHL. Of 10 patients undergoingexploratory thoracotomy and surgical treatment, 8 received adjuvant chemotherapy and 2 adjuvant ofradiotherapy. The remaining patient was subjected to combined chemotherapy. Both of HL patientssurvived more than 5 years without clinical disease. The median survival of MALT lymphoma and othertype of NHL was 39 months and 34 months respectively. Conclusion: Both the clinical manifestationand imaging changes are non-specific. The diagnosis was made through exploratory thoracotomy (10cases) and fiber-optical bronchoscopy (1 case). MALT lymphoma is the most frequent pathologicsubtype. Majority of patients are diagnosed and treated by surgical resection. The prognosis isacceptable.

Management of esophageal mucosa with high-grade dysplasia

Objective:Early detection and treatment in patients with esophageal cancer is the most effective way to improve the prognosis. Patients with high-grade dysplasia(HGD) in esophageal mucosa might be involved with early esophageal cancer,but the management of the disease is controversial. The purpose of our study was to explore the management of esophageal mucosa with HGD. Methods:We retrospectively analyzed 10 patients with HGD in esophageal mucosa,who underwent esophagectomy in Cancer Hospital of Fudan University from 1999 to 2006. The surgical approach,postoperative morbidity,in-hospital complications and pathological results of the patients were analyzed. Basing on our data together with other studies,we aimed at looking for an appropriate management for patients with HGD. Results:Of the 10 patients who received esophagectomy,the pathological results showed that 2(20%) cases were in situ carcinoma and 8(80%) cases were invasive cancer with no regional lymph nodes involved. 30-day mortality was 0. One patient experienced cervical anastomotic leakage,but healed in 2 weeks. There was no pulmonary complication. Conclusion:Most patients with HGD actually have occult carcinoma. High percentage of patients with HGD would develop into cancer during their lifetime. Esophagectomy is now a selective approach for the treatment of the patients with HGD.

Tumor necrosis factor alpha increases intestinal permeability in mice with fulminant hepatic failure

AIM:To determine the effect of tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α) on intestinal permeability(IP) in mice with fulminant hepatic failure(FHF),and the expression of tight junction proteins.METHODS:We selected D-lactate as an index of IP,induced FHF using D-galactosamine/lipopolysaccharide and D-galactosamine/TNF-α,assessed the results using an enzymatic-spectrophotometric method,transmission electron microscopy,immunohistochemistry,Western blotting and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction.The effect of the administration of antiTNF-α immunoglobulin G(IgG) antibody,before the administration of D-galactosamine/lipopolysaccharide,on TNF-α was also assessed.RESULTS:IP was significantly increased in the mouse model of FHF 6 h after injection(13.57 ± 1.70 mg/L,13.02 ± 1.97 mg/L vs 3.76 ± 0.67 mg/L,P = 0.001).Electron microscopic analysis revealed tight junction(TJ) disruptions,epithelial cell swelling,and atrophy of intestinal villi.Expression of occludin and claudin-1 mRNA was significantly decreased in both FHF models(occludin:0.57 ± 0.159 fold vs baseline,P = 0.000;claudin-1:0.3067 ± 0.1291 fold vs baseline,P = 0.003),as were the distribution density of proteins in the intestinal mucosa and the levels of occludin and claudin-1 protein(occludin:0.61 ± 0.0473 fold vs baseline,P = 0.000;claudin-1:0.6633 ± 0.0328 fold vs baseline,P = 0.000).Prophylactic treatment with antiTNF-α IgG antibody prevented changes in IP(4.50 ± 0.97 mg/L vs 3.76 ± 0.67 mg/L,P = 0.791),intestinal tissue ultrastructure,and the mRNA levels of occludin and claudin-1 expression(occludin:0.8865 ± 0.0274 fold vs baseline,P = 0.505;claudin-1:0.85 ± 0.1437 fold vs baseline,P = 0.1),and in the protein levels(occludin:0.9467 ± 0.0285 fold vs baseline,P > 0.05;claudin-1:0.9533 ± 0.0186 fold vs baseline,P = 0.148).CONCLUSION:Increased in IP stemmed from the downregulation of the TJ proteins occludin and claudin-1,and destruction of the TJ in the colon,which were induced by TNF-α in FHF mice.

Retention mucocele of distal viable remnant tip of appendix:An unusually rare late surgical complication following incomplete appendectomy

A 67-year old man was presented with a 6-mo history of recurrent right lower quadrant abdominal pain. On physical examination, a vague mass was palpable in the right lumbar region. His routine laboratory tests were normal. Ultrasonography showed a hypoechoic lesion in the right lumbar region anterior to the right kidney with internal echoes and fluid components. Abdominal contrast-enhanced computed tomography （CECT） showed a well-defined hypodense cystic mass lesion lateral to the ascending colon/caecum, not communicating with the lumen of colon/caecum. After complete open excision of the cystic mass lesion, gross pathologic examination revealed a turgid cystic dilatation of appendiceal remnant filled with the mucinous material. On histopathological examination, mucinous cyst adenoma of appendix was confirmed. We report this rare unusual late complication of mucocele formation in the distal viable appendiceal remnant, which was leftover following incomplete retrograde appendectomy. This unusual complication is not described in the literature and we report it in order to highlight the fact that a high index of clinical and radiological suspicion is essential for the diagnosis of mucocele arising from a distal viable appendiceal remnant in a patient who has already undergone appendectomy presenting with recurrent abdominal pain.

Fermentation Production of Ganoderma lucidum by Bacillus subtilis Ameliorated Ceftriaxone-induced Intestinal Dysbiosis and Improved Intestinal Mucosal Barrier Function in Mice

Objective This study aimed to develop a type of Ganoderma lucidum(G.lucidum)-probiotic fermentation broth that can effectively improve the intestinal mucosal barrier function of mice with ceftriaxone-induced intestinal dysbiosis.Methods By means of absorbance of optical density(OD)value and phenol-concentrated sulfuric acid measurement of polysaccharide content,the probiotic species can grow on the medium of G.lucidum were screened out,and the concentration of the medium of G.lucidum was determined,and the fermentation broth was prepared for subsequent experiments.Thirty-two SPF grade male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into four groups(eight mice in each group),namely control group(CON),intestinal mucosal barrier damage model group(CS),fermentation broth intervention group(FT)and G.lucidum medium intervention group(GL),respectively.The intestinal dysregulation model was induced by intra-gastric administration of 0.2 mL ceftriaxone sodium(twice a day for seven consecutive days).From day 8,the FT group and GL group were gavage with 0.2 mL fermentation broth and G.lucidum medium,respectively.On day 15,all mice were sacrificed.To draw the weight curve and measure the cecal index;pathological examination of colon tissues with HE staining;serum levels of LPS,IL-10,TNF and IL-6 were detected by ELISA.Flow cytometry was used to analyze the changes of CD3+T cells,CD4+T cells,CD8+T cells and macrophages in spleen.16S rRNA sequencing was performed to detect the intestinal microbiota structure of mice.Results Bacillus subtilis can decompose and utilize G.lucidum fruiting body medium,and the suitable concentration of G.lucidum fruiting body medium is 33.2 mg/mL.The effect of Bacillus subtilis-G.lucidum fermentation broth on the damage of intestinal mucosal barrier caused by ceftriaxone sodium was reduced,the body weight of mice recovered and colon swelling improved,colon histopathological injury was alleviated,inflammatory cell infiltration was alleviated,serum IL-10 increased significantly,LPS、TNF-αand IL-6 decreased significantly compared with model group,and the proportion of T cells and intestinal dysbiosis was improved.Conclusions The experimental results suggest that Bacillus subtilis-G.lucidum fermentation broth can effectively improve the intestinal barrier function damage,immune dysfunction and intestinal dysbiosis caused by antibiotic overdose,and has a certain regulatory effect on intestinal mucosal barrier function.

Down syndrome cell adhesion molecule and its functions in neural development

The nervous system is a complex network with many types of neurons and numerous synaptic connections.The present knowledge on how neurons recognize specific targets and form such an intricate network is still limited.The Down syndrome cell adhesion molecule （DSCAM） belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily and contributes to defects in the central nervous system in Down syndrome patients.DSCAM plays important roles in neural development,including dendritic patterning and self-avoidance,axon guidance and branching,axon target recognition and synaptic formation.However,the functional mechanisms and the underlying signaling pathways are still largely unknown.Here the functions of DSCAM in neural development were reviewed.Future research for better understanding DSCAM function and the relevance of DSCAM to human diseases was also discussed.

Clinical Observation on the Post-stroke Shoulder Pain and Blood Viscosity Treated by Acupuncture-moxibustion Therapy

Objective： To reveal the therapeutic effect of acupuncmre-moxibustion therapy for the treatment of post-stroke shoulder pain. Methods： Ninety patients with post-stroke shoulder pain were randomized into three groups at ratio of 1：1：1, to receive acupuncture-moxibustion therapy （AM）, acupuncture-moxibustion plus Chinese herbal decoction （AMCH）, and Chinese herbal decoction （CH） respectively. Results： In the comparison of the therapeutic effects and blood viscosity, there was significant difference between the AM and CH group, as well as between the AMCH and CH group （P〈0.01）; the difference was not significant between the AM and AMCH group. Conclusion： Acupuncture-moxibustion is an effective therapy in the treatment of the post-stroke shoulder pain, and it can also reduce the blood viscosity in short-term.

supported by the National Natural Science Foundation ofChina(Grant No.41476131),the Innovation Program of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission(Grant No.14ZZ143), the Shanghai Universities Plateau Discipline Project of Marine Sciences and the Peak Discip

Prevention of annual"green tides"caused by blooms of the green macroalga Ulva prolifera,which have occurred in the Yellow Sea since 2007,has received much attention.Increasing evidence indicates that micro-propagules on the rafts used for Porphyra yezoensis aquaculture along the coastline of Jiangsu Province in China,were the primary source of these green tides.In this study,we investigated the effectiveness of a silicone antifouling coating for preventing the adhesion and germination of U.prolifera micro-propagules on bamboo and nylon ropes,which have been used in rafts for P.yezoensis aquaculture.Our results demonstrated that a coating of silicone(Sylgard 184)containing 1.0 wt.%sodium benzoate(NaB)could reduce the adhesion rate to<5%and completely inhibited the growth of U.prolifera propagules on the coated surfaces.Coating bamboo and nylon ropes with NaB-incorporated silicone thus proved a potentially effective method for controlling the initial biomass accumulation of U.prolifera.