不同储存条件对浓香花生油风味及综合品质的影响

将浓香花生油置于室外自然环境中的钢制储油罐,分别采用常规储存、添加叔丁基对二苯酚(tertiary butylhydroquinone,TBHQ)储存、充氮储存18个月,每月定期取油样,采用顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用仪及气相色谱-嗅闻仪对花生油中挥发性风味成分进行定量检测和风味嗅闻评价,并检测其酸价、过氧化值和VE、甾醇含量,研究不同储存条件对花生油风味及综合品质的影响。结果表明:浓香花生油中共分离鉴定出9类64种挥发性风味成分,其中吡嗪类和醛类占挥发性风味成分总量的一半以上,这两类挥发性风味成分构成了浓香花生油特有的坚果香味、烧烤味、甜香味等基础风味。花生油经常规储存、添加TBHQ储存、充氮储存18个月后,吡嗪类物质相对含量从36.42%分别降低至16.33%、21.92%、27.02%,醛类物质相对含量从23.82%分别增加至24.61%、2.26%、17.52%,花生油的坚果味、烘烤味、甜香味及总体风味等明显减弱,酸败味增强;与常规储存相比,添加TBHQ和充氮储存均能有效延缓花生油特征风味物质、VE、甾醇的损失,将保质期分别延长至18个月以上和10个月;但添加TBHQ储存的花生油中检测出了TBHQ分解产物——叔丁基对苯醌。因此,充氮储存花生油不仅可以避免抗氧化剂添加对油脂的污染,也可以达到保质保鲜的目的。

Upregulation of Nrf2-regulated gene expression by tBHQ alleviates cyclophosphamide-induced hematotoxicity in mice

Hematological toxicity （bone marrow suppression） is the most common dose-limiting adverse effect of chemotherapies. The nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 （Nrf2） is a pivotal coordinator of cellular defensive responses against chemical insults in many tissues including bone marrow. In the present study, the effects of tert-butylhydroquinone （tBHQ） on the expression of Nrf2-regulated genes in peripheral blood cells and cyclophosphamide （CTX）-induced hematotoxicity in mice were investigated. CTX induced apoptosis of peripheral blood nucleated cells and leukopenia in mice, accompanied by mobilization of bone marrow hematopoietic cells, tBHQ treatment induced the expression of Nrf2-regulated genes such as heine oxygenase 1 （HO1） and glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subtmit （GCLC） in RAW264.7 mouse macrophage cells and peripheral blood cells both in vitro and in vivo. Interestingly, pretreatment with tBHQ alleviated CTX-induced mouse peripheral blood cell apoptosis and leukopenia in vivo, indicating possible involvement of Nrf2 in the protection against CTX-induced hematotoxicity. This study provides new information on the chemotherapy-induced hematotoxicity, and suggests Nrf2 could serve as a target for the development of chemoprotectants against hematotoxicity.