核电厂对烟囱排出的气体开展放射性活度检测,但由于气态放射性物质在管道或烟囱气体流场中分布不均匀,可能会影响取样效果而导致样品缺少代表性。为了获得有代表性的检测样品,秦山核电厂开展烟囱气体流场混合均匀性分析研究,参照ISO 288...核电厂对烟囱排出的气体开展放射性活度检测,但由于气态放射性物质在管道或烟囱气体流场中分布不均匀,可能会影响取样效果而导致样品缺少代表性。为了获得有代表性的检测样品,秦山核电厂开展烟囱气体流场混合均匀性分析研究,参照ISO 2889—2010 Sampling Airborne Radioactive Materials from the Stacks and Ducts of Nuclear Facilities(《核设施的烟囱和通风管道中放射性物质取样》)和ANSI/HPS N13.1—2011 Sampling and Monitoring Releases of Airborne Radioactive Substances from the Stacks and Ducts of Nuclearl Facilities(《核设施烟囱和管道中气载放射性物质释放的取样与监测》)标准推荐方法,对烟囱取样位置处气体流场进行混合均匀性定量指标分析。由于秦山核电厂在2018年对烟囱取样系统实施了变更改造,取样系统布置位置由原烟囱标高71.6 m处变更为烟囱标高50 m处。电厂以改造前、后烟囱取样系统布置处的气体流场作为研究对象,运用流体动力学(CFD)方法对烟囱气体进行取样数值模拟计算,通过分析平均气旋角、速度分布、示踪气体分布、示踪气体最大浓度偏差和示踪气溶胶分布等指标,来判定秦山核电厂烟囱取样处气体流场的混合均匀情况。分析结果表明,秦山核电厂烟囱取样系统改造后烟囱标高50 m处的取样截面气体流场混合均匀,能满足ISO 2889—2010 Sampling Airborne Radioactive Materials from the Stacks and Ducts of Nuclear Facilities(《核设施的烟囱和通风管道中放射性物质取样》)和ANSI/HPS N13.1—2011 Sampling and Monitoring Releases of Airborne Radioactive Substances from the Stacks and Ducts of Nuclearl Facilities(《核设施烟囱和管道中气载放射性物质释放的取样与监测》)标准要求,在此处布置烟囱取样装置,能确保电厂开展的烟囱气体放射性活度测量能取到有代表性的样品。展开更多
Detection and tracking of multi-target with unknown and varying number is a challenging issue, especially under the condition of low signal-to-noise ratio(SNR). A modified multi-target track-before-detect(TBD) method ...Detection and tracking of multi-target with unknown and varying number is a challenging issue, especially under the condition of low signal-to-noise ratio(SNR). A modified multi-target track-before-detect(TBD) method was proposed to tackle this issue using a nonstandard point observation model. The method was developed from sequential Monte Carlo(SMC)-based probability hypothesis density(PHD) filter, and it was implemented by modifying the original calculation in update weights of the particles and by adopting an adaptive particle sampling strategy. To efficiently execute the SMC-PHD based TBD method, a fast implementation approach was also presented by partitioning the particles into multiple subsets according to their position coordinates in 2D resolution cells of the sensor. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed method for time-varying multi-target tracking using raw observation data.展开更多
Developing nations, like Nigeria, whose financial systems and infrastructural base are not yet fully developed face data rendition challenges which may hamper the representativeness of their interest rate statistics.A...Developing nations, like Nigeria, whose financial systems and infrastructural base are not yet fully developed face data rendition challenges which may hamper the representativeness of their interest rate statistics.A critical component of any credible interest rate data compilation framework relates to the sampling procedure.In Nigeria, no work has been done with regards to employing alternatives sampling techniques in the computation of interest rate statistics largely because of the small number of deposit money banks in the country. Leveraging on existing literature and established statistical methods, the study examines two sampling techniques for generating credible and reliable interest rates in Nigeria. The current interest rate compilation framework in the country is presented and alternative sampling procedures were explored with a view to investigating their appropriateness for Nigeria＇s interest rate computation. The interest rates generated based on the current population-based compilation method is compared with those of the alternative approaches. This paper recommends the use of purposive sampling method that covers Deposit Money Banks （DMBs） which account for about 70.0 per cent of the banking sector total assets as an appropriatealternative.展开更多
文摘核电厂对烟囱排出的气体开展放射性活度检测,但由于气态放射性物质在管道或烟囱气体流场中分布不均匀,可能会影响取样效果而导致样品缺少代表性。为了获得有代表性的检测样品,秦山核电厂开展烟囱气体流场混合均匀性分析研究,参照ISO 2889—2010 Sampling Airborne Radioactive Materials from the Stacks and Ducts of Nuclear Facilities(《核设施的烟囱和通风管道中放射性物质取样》)和ANSI/HPS N13.1—2011 Sampling and Monitoring Releases of Airborne Radioactive Substances from the Stacks and Ducts of Nuclearl Facilities(《核设施烟囱和管道中气载放射性物质释放的取样与监测》)标准推荐方法,对烟囱取样位置处气体流场进行混合均匀性定量指标分析。由于秦山核电厂在2018年对烟囱取样系统实施了变更改造,取样系统布置位置由原烟囱标高71.6 m处变更为烟囱标高50 m处。电厂以改造前、后烟囱取样系统布置处的气体流场作为研究对象,运用流体动力学(CFD)方法对烟囱气体进行取样数值模拟计算,通过分析平均气旋角、速度分布、示踪气体分布、示踪气体最大浓度偏差和示踪气溶胶分布等指标,来判定秦山核电厂烟囱取样处气体流场的混合均匀情况。分析结果表明,秦山核电厂烟囱取样系统改造后烟囱标高50 m处的取样截面气体流场混合均匀,能满足ISO 2889—2010 Sampling Airborne Radioactive Materials from the Stacks and Ducts of Nuclear Facilities(《核设施的烟囱和通风管道中放射性物质取样》)和ANSI/HPS N13.1—2011 Sampling and Monitoring Releases of Airborne Radioactive Substances from the Stacks and Ducts of Nuclearl Facilities(《核设施烟囱和管道中气载放射性物质释放的取样与监测》)标准要求,在此处布置烟囱取样装置,能确保电厂开展的烟囱气体放射性活度测量能取到有代表性的样品。
基金Projects(61002022,61471370)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Detection and tracking of multi-target with unknown and varying number is a challenging issue, especially under the condition of low signal-to-noise ratio(SNR). A modified multi-target track-before-detect(TBD) method was proposed to tackle this issue using a nonstandard point observation model. The method was developed from sequential Monte Carlo(SMC)-based probability hypothesis density(PHD) filter, and it was implemented by modifying the original calculation in update weights of the particles and by adopting an adaptive particle sampling strategy. To efficiently execute the SMC-PHD based TBD method, a fast implementation approach was also presented by partitioning the particles into multiple subsets according to their position coordinates in 2D resolution cells of the sensor. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed method for time-varying multi-target tracking using raw observation data.
文摘Developing nations, like Nigeria, whose financial systems and infrastructural base are not yet fully developed face data rendition challenges which may hamper the representativeness of their interest rate statistics.A critical component of any credible interest rate data compilation framework relates to the sampling procedure.In Nigeria, no work has been done with regards to employing alternatives sampling techniques in the computation of interest rate statistics largely because of the small number of deposit money banks in the country. Leveraging on existing literature and established statistical methods, the study examines two sampling techniques for generating credible and reliable interest rates in Nigeria. The current interest rate compilation framework in the country is presented and alternative sampling procedures were explored with a view to investigating their appropriateness for Nigeria＇s interest rate computation. The interest rates generated based on the current population-based compilation method is compared with those of the alternative approaches. This paper recommends the use of purposive sampling method that covers Deposit Money Banks （DMBs） which account for about 70.0 per cent of the banking sector total assets as an appropriatealternative.
