隧道近接上覆水平采空区地层施工易扩大上覆围岩松动范围,增大松动荷载,为探明隧道衬砌结构受荷特性,采用室内相似模型试验量测了上覆水平煤层采空区地层隧道二次衬砌结构内力(轴力、弯矩),分析了不同边界压力作用下位移、轴力和弯矩的...隧道近接上覆水平采空区地层施工易扩大上覆围岩松动范围,增大松动荷载,为探明隧道衬砌结构受荷特性,采用室内相似模型试验量测了上覆水平煤层采空区地层隧道二次衬砌结构内力(轴力、弯矩),分析了不同边界压力作用下位移、轴力和弯矩的变化情况和特定压力下间距对二次衬砌受力的影响。结果表明:上覆采空区对洞周位移和二衬内力造成了一定影响,采空区底板与隧道间距越小,位移越大,当竖向压力为1000 k Pa时,与无采空区工况相比,0.5D工况最大位移增加93.73%,1.0D工况增加27.90%;弯矩和轴力的增加越明显,当竖向压力为500 k Pa时,与无采空区工况相比,间距0.5D工况最大弯矩增加139.68%,间距1.0D工况最大弯矩增加34.39%,采空区的存在导致轴力分布形态变化较大,间距0.5D工况平均轴力增加78.39%,间距1.0D工况平均轴力增加37.81%;最大偏心距出现在仰拱部位,承载能力相对较低,是隧道主体结构的薄弱环节;二次衬砌仰拱位置最先开裂,煤层采空区对裂缝展开顺序有一定影响。展开更多
By connecting tercarbazole(3 Cz)and triphenyltriazine(TRz)units with a diphenyl ether group,we designed and synthesized a new donor-spacer-acceptor structure molecule9’-(4-(4-(4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)phenoxy)...By connecting tercarbazole(3 Cz)and triphenyltriazine(TRz)units with a diphenyl ether group,we designed and synthesized a new donor-spacer-acceptor structure molecule9’-(4-(4-(4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)phenoxy)phenyl)-9’H-9,3’:6’,9"-tercarbazole(3 Cz-o-TRz)as the multifunctional component of exciplex emitters.As expected,the intermolecular charge-transfer transition is dominant for3 Cz-o-TRz because of the space-enough and conjugation-forbidden linkage of the diphenyl ether group,increasing the intrinsic characteristics of the 3 Cz and TRz moieties in its single-molecule state.Accordingly,three common electron acceptors(4,6-bis(3,5-di(pyridin-3-yl)phenyl)-2-methylpyrimidine(B3 PyMPm),4,6-bis(3,5-di(pyridin-4-yl)phenyl)-2-methylpyrimidine(B4 PyMPm),and(1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triyl)tris(benzene-3,1-diyl)tris(diphenylphosphineoxide)(POT2 T))and three common electron donors(4,4’-(cyclohexane-1,1-diyl)bis(N,N-di-p-tolylaniline)(TAPC),tris(4-(10 H-phenoxazin-10-yl)phenyl)amine(TPA-PXZ),and N1-phenyl-N4,N4-bis(4-(phenyl(m-tolyl)amino)phenyl)-N1-(m-tolyl)benzene-1,4-diamine(m-MTDATA))were chosen to construct six exciplex emitters with 3 Cz-o-TRz.In the organic light-emitting diodes(OLEDs),the emission spectra of these exciplex emitters could be gradually modulated from 510 to 590 nm.In addition,TAPC:3 Cz-o-TRz-and 3 Cz-o-TRz:PO-T2 T-based OLEDs achieved desirable performance with maximum external quantum efficiencies(EQEs)around 12%.Moreover,a simple tandem OLED containing TAPC:3 Cz-o-TRz and 3 Czo-TRz:PO-T2 T emitters realized optimal performance with an ultralow turn-on voltage of 2.4 V and a maximum EQE of14.1%.These results indicate the great potential of the donorspacer-acceptor structure compounds in developing exciplex emitters.展开更多
文摘隧道近接上覆水平采空区地层施工易扩大上覆围岩松动范围,增大松动荷载,为探明隧道衬砌结构受荷特性,采用室内相似模型试验量测了上覆水平煤层采空区地层隧道二次衬砌结构内力(轴力、弯矩),分析了不同边界压力作用下位移、轴力和弯矩的变化情况和特定压力下间距对二次衬砌受力的影响。结果表明:上覆采空区对洞周位移和二衬内力造成了一定影响,采空区底板与隧道间距越小,位移越大,当竖向压力为1000 k Pa时,与无采空区工况相比,0.5D工况最大位移增加93.73%,1.0D工况增加27.90%;弯矩和轴力的增加越明显,当竖向压力为500 k Pa时,与无采空区工况相比,间距0.5D工况最大弯矩增加139.68%,间距1.0D工况最大弯矩增加34.39%,采空区的存在导致轴力分布形态变化较大,间距0.5D工况平均轴力增加78.39%,间距1.0D工况平均轴力增加37.81%;最大偏心距出现在仰拱部位,承载能力相对较低,是隧道主体结构的薄弱环节;二次衬砌仰拱位置最先开裂,煤层采空区对裂缝展开顺序有一定影响。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51773029,52073040,51533005 and 51821002)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(ZYGX2016Z010)the International Cooperation and Exchange Project of Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province(2019YFH0057 and 2019YFH0059)。
文摘By connecting tercarbazole(3 Cz)and triphenyltriazine(TRz)units with a diphenyl ether group,we designed and synthesized a new donor-spacer-acceptor structure molecule9’-(4-(4-(4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)phenoxy)phenyl)-9’H-9,3’:6’,9"-tercarbazole(3 Cz-o-TRz)as the multifunctional component of exciplex emitters.As expected,the intermolecular charge-transfer transition is dominant for3 Cz-o-TRz because of the space-enough and conjugation-forbidden linkage of the diphenyl ether group,increasing the intrinsic characteristics of the 3 Cz and TRz moieties in its single-molecule state.Accordingly,three common electron acceptors(4,6-bis(3,5-di(pyridin-3-yl)phenyl)-2-methylpyrimidine(B3 PyMPm),4,6-bis(3,5-di(pyridin-4-yl)phenyl)-2-methylpyrimidine(B4 PyMPm),and(1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triyl)tris(benzene-3,1-diyl)tris(diphenylphosphineoxide)(POT2 T))and three common electron donors(4,4’-(cyclohexane-1,1-diyl)bis(N,N-di-p-tolylaniline)(TAPC),tris(4-(10 H-phenoxazin-10-yl)phenyl)amine(TPA-PXZ),and N1-phenyl-N4,N4-bis(4-(phenyl(m-tolyl)amino)phenyl)-N1-(m-tolyl)benzene-1,4-diamine(m-MTDATA))were chosen to construct six exciplex emitters with 3 Cz-o-TRz.In the organic light-emitting diodes(OLEDs),the emission spectra of these exciplex emitters could be gradually modulated from 510 to 590 nm.In addition,TAPC:3 Cz-o-TRz-and 3 Cz-o-TRz:PO-T2 T-based OLEDs achieved desirable performance with maximum external quantum efficiencies(EQEs)around 12%.Moreover,a simple tandem OLED containing TAPC:3 Cz-o-TRz and 3 Czo-TRz:PO-T2 T emitters realized optimal performance with an ultralow turn-on voltage of 2.4 V and a maximum EQE of14.1%.These results indicate the great potential of the donorspacer-acceptor structure compounds in developing exciplex emitters.
