“非对称层级新闻范畴系统”创论——兼与甘惜分等学者商榷

许多学者用狭隘的语境定义新闻,这无异于削足适履,因而"非对称层级新闻范畴系统"应运而生。处于上位范畴的是新闻的核心概念:事物变动的重要信息。处于下位范畴的是:本闻,即本体论意义上的新闻,是相对于社会实践主体的事物变动的重要信息;知闻,是新闻认知主体感知到的事物变动的重要信息;媒闻,是新闻传播主体通过媒介传播的事物变动的重要信息;受闻,是新闻接受主体通过媒介接受到的客观事物变动的重要信息;馈闻,是新闻反馈主体通过媒介传播的反馈受闻的重要信息。

新闻学基石再造与范畴革命——关于新闻概念

围绕新闻这一概念,有许多不同的定义,且定义者又各自强调了的唯一性与排他性。其实,这像盲人摸象。用某一狭隘的新闻范畴,去囊括新闻概念的所有范畴。殊不知新闻概念是一个范畴系统并不恰当。从各种语境中新闻的多范畴可以看出,彰显出对新闻学基石——新闻范畴的革命势在必行,因而"非对称层级新闻范畴系统"应运而生。处于上位范畴的是核心概念:新闻;处于下位范畴的是:本闻、知闻、媒闻、受闻和馈闻。

CBS and NBC Expand Nightly News to 30 Minutes： A History of the 1963 Expansion

The year 1963 was pivotal for broadcast news. Walter Cronkite forever changed how the American people receive their news when he anchored the first 30 minute nightly news. During the 60s, television news had two strong rivals： the newspaper and the radio. The target audience for nightly newscasts was to a generation of people that were used to getting news elsewhere. Since people were familiar with getting the news from radio, news stations relayed the news the same way as it was done on the radio： as talking heads. In other words, the news stations used a trusted face to read the news to people without any improvements on presentation. This all changed when CBS and NBC saw a robust and lucrative future for the nightly news. This paper will outline the steps taken by the two networks to make an extended half hour evening news a reality.