基于切线斜率变化统计的红色圆形交通标志牌检测

从标志牌的颜色和形状特征出发,提出了一种斜率变化统计的方法检测交通标志.该算法首先在RGB色彩空间中提取R通道成分,然后通过对区域边缘点的切线斜率变化进行统计定位出圆形标志.实验结果表明,此方法对红色圆形交通标志牌的识别有很好的效果.

基于灰度变化统计的图像检索

纹理是图像的一个显著特征,也是基于内容检索的一条主要线索。提出了一种基于纹理灰度变化统计的图像检索方法,在水平、垂直、45°和135°方向上统计像素灰度值的变化量,提取关于图像纹理粗细、走向等信息。并将此方法与灰度共生矩阵法和纹理谱法进行比较,从查准率、平均序号和检索时间三方面进行分析,验证了此方法的有效性。同时,还结合颜色特征进行综合检索,并将相关反馈技术融合到算法中,通过多次检索自动调整各特征量的权值以满足用户的检索需求。

用于年度森林资源变化统计管理的BHTJ系统

森林资源变化统计的管理是一项复杂的系统工程,BHTJ 系统具有解决福建省森林资源变化统计管理的各项功能。文章介绍了研制 BHTJ 系统的基础、条件和研制原则,系统的特点、功能、总体结构以及7个模块的功能。经过南平地区3年的实际运行和完善,说明了该系统的合理性与适用性。

具有区域特色的高校动画专业分布变化情况统计

本文对具有区域(东北地区)特色的高校动画专业发展变化进行统计,以东北地区高校动画专业分布变化及动画产业发展统计情况为依据,本地区高校动画专业发展是推动东北动画产业发展的重要来源。探讨东北地区各高校动画专业分布人才培养变化情况,并对未来几年发展区域特色动画专业和动画产业情况提出一些具体建议。

基于幅度变化点检测的多功能雷达脉冲列解析方法

在电子情报领域,针对多功能雷达脉冲列解析中的基本波形提取问题,提出了一种新的基于统计变化点检测的方法.该方法利用相控阵天线波束离散扫描的特点,将基本波形提取问题转化成脉冲幅度序列变化点的检测问题.引入生物染色体分析中的循环二分算法来检测并估计幅度序列的多个变化点,进而得到基本波形的集合.该方法不需要任何先验知识,在较低信噪比的情况下仍然能够得到高精度的提取结果.仿真实验表明了该方法的有效性.

提高森林资源统计精度的技术探讨

在论述森林资源变化调查统计与生长量计算重要性的基础上,对森林资源统计误差的原因进行了分析,并提出用调整生长率的方法来提高森林资源统计的精度。

水文资料系列一致性分析方法探讨

水文资料系列一致性分析,是水资源论证等水文分析计算的基础性工作内容。随机数据的一致性分析可采用数理统计、相关分析和不同时段对比分析等多种方法,各方法间理论依据基本一致,仅是实现手段不同。文章以伊春河流域降雨、径流资料为例,对其资料系列一致性进行了分析,对各分析方法所得结论进行了对比,对流域资料系列的一致性给出了客观合理的评价结果。

新冠肺炎疫情对南宁市商品住宅价格影响分析

本文通过分析南宁市2015年至2020年5月商品住宅价格变化规律,探讨新冠肺炎疫情对南宁房地产市场的影响,并对维护房地产市场健康稳定发展提出针对性建议。结果显示,近五年南宁市商品住宅价格总体保持上涨态势,新冠疫情爆发后南宁房地产市场发展受阻,商品住宅价格上涨速度明显放缓。南宁楼市规模大,疫情对其影响不可忽视。疫情对房地产市场的影响具有差异性,有短期和长期的影响,甚至在目前尚未显现。为抵消疫情对房地产市场产生的消极影响,在应对策略上,建议政府因城施策,灵活调控土地与房地产市场;房企应控制资金流,灵活调整开发与营销策略;产品设计应根据客户购房关注点转变进行调整;置业者应在政策扶持下加快购房行动。

Effect of Climate Change on Cotton Lugus lucorum Occurrence Degree

[Objective] The aim was to analyze effect of climate change on occurrence degree of cotton Lugus lucorum in coastal areas of Jiangsu Province, in order to provide authentic references for better prevention. [Method] Statistical analysis was conducted on Information about occurrence degree of cotton Lugus lucorum in Binhai County in Jiangsu Province from 1985 to 2007 under guidance of Integral regression method. [Result] Because of climate change, cotton Lugus lucorum occurrence de- grees differed in different generations and growth stages in Binhai County. Tempera- ture and humidity constituted the main climate factors. In general, climate change hindered occurrence degree from increasing. We could make use of the period when occurrence degree of cotton Lugus lucorum is prone to significant increase and choose some periods, such as early April, late June and middle August, to improve prevention effect. In addition, attention should be paid to comprehensive measures, such as adjustment of industrial structure, which will reduce pesticide and minimize cotton Lugus lucorum damage and adverse impact from prevention measures. [Conclusion] The results provided authentic references for cotton Lugus lucorum preven- tion in Jiangsu coastal areas.

Land Use Regionalization of Rural Settlements in China

This paper compartmentalizes regional land use of rural settlements in China by employing a hierarchical clustering method.The statistic data are sourced from the National Bureau of Statistics of China(NBSC) and the data of land use change from the Ministry of Land and Resources of China(MLRC).The population of rural settlement decreases from the southeast to the northwest of China and the density of rural settlement decreases from the east to the west of China.Land-use scale of rural settlement,the proportion of one-storey houses and the average household area decrease from the north to the south of China.The ratio of area of cultivated land to rural settlement is high in the northeast and southwest of China but low in the southeast of China.The land use regionalization of rural settlement can be divided into four regions,namely:the northern region of China,Qinghai-Tibet,Yunnan-Guizhou,and the middle and eastern region of China.The northern region of China and the middle and eastern region of China can be further divided into nine sub-regions:Xinjiang,Northeast China,Ningxia and Inner Mongolia,North China,the south of the Changjiang(Yantze) River and Sichuan Basin,Jiangsu-Shanghai,South China,the Loess Plateau,and Guangxi.In consideration of the significant regional differences,it is proposed that different policies should be implemented regarding the utilization and management of rural settlements.

Analyzing Land-use Change in Farming-pastoral Transitional Region Using Autologistic Model and Household Survey Approach

Land change science （LCS） strives to understand and model land-use change, which will further advance the understanding of multiple issues in the socio-ecological systems. Based on GIS/RS techniques, autologistic model, and household survey method, this study investigated major land use changes and their causes from 1978 to 2008 in Uxin Banner （county-level）, Inner Mongolia in China and then developed an understanding of the relationships between household livelihood and land-use pattern. Results showed that cultivated land increased from 1988 to 2000, and leveled offafter 2000. Built-up land increased stably for the period 1978 2008. The change of grassland and bare land differed among the three periods. From 1978 to 1988, grassland increased by 23.3%, and bare land decreased by 20.48%. From 1988 to 2000, bare land expanded by 1.7%, but grassland declined by 1.3%. From 2000 to 2008, an increase in grassland area by 1.8% was observed, but a decrease in bare land area by 9.0% was witnessed. The autologistic models performed better than logistic models as indicated by lower Akaike Information Criterion （AIC） values. Factors associated with human activities significantly correlated with the change of cultivated land, forest land, grassland, and built-up land. The produce prices and extensive cultivated land use are major issues in the farming area. This study suggests that completing land circulation systems and maintaining the stability of price are effective solutions. By contrast, reclamation and overgrazing are major concerns in the pastoral areas. Implementing environmental policies effectively, transferring population out of rural pastoral areas, and developing modem animal husbandry are effective ways to address these issues.

极低错误接受率的说话人识别方法研究

针对一些说话人识别方法在应用中要面对海量的集外数据，其很低的错误接受率也会带来大量识别错误的情况，进行了极低错误接受率的说话人识别技术的研究，以求在保证召回率的前提下，将错误接受率降低至约万分之一的水平。研究的重点是对经典的高斯混合模型．通用背景模型（GMM-UBM）方法进行了改进，加入一个确认判决机制来进一步拒绝集外误识，尝试了三种确认方法——基于粗粒度分析窗的方法、基于集外竞争模型的方法、基于变化状态统计矢量的方法。实验结果表明，这三种方法都能够有效降低错误接受率指标，其中基于变化状态统计矢量的方法取得了最好的效果。

ANALYSIS OF LONG TERM CHARACTERISTICS OF INTERANNUAL CHANGE OF TEMPERATURE IN DONGGUAN OVER THE RECENT 50 YEARS

With the series of annual and seasonal temperature during 1957 – 2001 in Dongguan, Guangdong, the statistical characteristic and power spectrum and secular trend and sudden change phenomena are computed in this paper. From the results it is known that (1) the temperatures have obvious characteristics of monsoon climate but do not have normal distribution, showing biased distribution of high or low kurtosis; (2) over the recent half- century, the temperatures tend to rise, specially in the last 10 years, in which mean temperature have quickly ascended by about 1.5°C, and except for the spring, there were sudden change of seasonal temperature rising from the 1980’s to 1990’s, which really reflected the influence of developing and opening and urbanization on Dongguan temperature; (3) except for the spring, the temperature of other seasons show some oscillatory periods in Dongguan and some of them also include long-term variation trends.

Multivariate Statistical Process Monitoring and Control: Recent Developments and Applications to Chemical Industry

Multivariate statistical process monitoring and control (MSPM&C) methods for chemical process monitoring with statistical projection techniques such as principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares (PLS) are surveyed in this paper. The four-step procedure of performing MSPM&C for chemical process, modeling of processes, detecting abnormal events or faults, identifying the variable(s) responsible for the faults and diagnosing the source cause for the abnormal behavior, is analyzed. Several main research directions of MSPM&C reported in the literature are discussed, such as multi-way principal component analysis (MPCA) for batch process, statistical monitoring and control for nonlinear process, dynamic PCA and dynamic PLS, and on-line quality control by inferential models. Industrial applications of MSPM&C to several typical chemical processes, such as chemical reactor, distillation column, polymerization process, petroleum refinery units, are summarized. Finally, some concluding remarks and future considerations are made.

Monitoring urban land cover and vegetation change by multi-temporal remote sensing information

In order to analyze changes in human settlement in Xuzhou city during the past 20 years, changes in land cover and vegetation were investigated based on multi-temporal remote sensing Landsat TM images. We developed a hierarchical classifier system that uses different feature inputs for specific classes and conducted a classification post-processing approach to improve its accuracy. From our statistical analysis of changes in urban land cover from 1987 to 2007, we conclude that built-up land areas have obviously increased, while farmland has seen in a continuous loss due to urban growth and human activities. A NDVI difference approach was used to extract information on changes in vegetation. A false change information elimination approach was developed based on prior knowledge and statistical analysis. The areas of vegetation cover have been in continuous decline over the past 20 years, although some measures have been adopted to protect and maintain urban vegetation. Given the stability of underground coal exploitation since 1990s, urban growth has become the major driving force in vegetation loss, which is different from the vegetation change driven by coal exploitation mainly before 1990.

3D inversion of borehole gravity data using cokriging

Borehole gravity has been used in mineral exploration recently with the advent of slim-hole gravimeters. It is logical to perform inversion to utilize the information in the newly acquired data. The inversions were carried out by using cokriging,which is a geostatistical method of estimation that minimizes the error variance by applying cross-correlation between several variables. In this study the estimated densities are derived by using boreholes gravity and known densities along the borehole. This method does not need iterative process and computes efficiently. The selection of examples demonstrates that this method has the ability to include physical property from borehole measurements in the inversion. The synthetic examples demonstrate the density variation along a borehole can be well determined without depth constraints in the inversion. The resolution of the recovered model can be further improved by including the densities along the borehole for inversion. However,this capability decreases dramatically with the increasing of distance between the anomalous body and the borehole.

THE ANALYSIS ON THE STATISTICAL CHARACTER OF QUIKSCAT SCATTEROMETER WINDS AND STRONG WIND FREQUENCY USING REMOTE SENSOR DATA FROM QUIKSCAT

The statistical character of QuikSCAT scatterometer winds is showed. And Monthly change and special distribution character of strong wind frequency and monthly wind fields in South China Sea is analyzed. It is shown in the result that the QuikSCAT scatterometer winds can be relied upon for the South China Sea; two winds, one the wintertime northeasterly and the other summertime southwesterly. The northeasterly centers at the Bashi Strait and Taiwam Strait and its secondary center and the maximum center of the southwesterly are in the central and southern South China Sea.

Long-term variability of air temperature and precipitation conditions in the Polish Carpathians

Mountain regions are sensitive to climate changes, which make them good indicators of climate change. The aim of this study is to investigate the spatial and temporal variability of air temperature and precipitation in the Polish Carpathians. This study consists of climatological analyses for the historical period 1851-2010 and future projections for 2021-2100. The results confirm that there has been significant warming of the area and that this warming has been particularly pronounced over the last few decades and will continue in the oncoming years.Climate change is most evident in the foothills;however, these are the highest summits which have experienced the most intensive increases in temperature during the recent period. Precipitation does not demonstrate any substantial trend and has high year-to-year variability. The distribution of the annual temperature contour lines modelled for selected periods provides evidence of the upward shift of vertical climate zones in the Polish Carpathians,which reach approximately 350 meters, on average,what indicates further ecological consequences as ecosystems expand or become extinct and when there are changes in the hydrological cycle.

THE INTERANNUAL AND DECADAL VARIABILITY OF PRECIPITATION FOR YUNNAN PROVINCE IN RAINY SEASON AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH TROPICAL UPPER LAYER TEAT CONTENT

Based on the monthly precipitation data of 126 observation stations from 1961 to 2000 in Yunnan Province, the interannual and decadal variability of precipitation in rainy seasons are studied by using wavelet analysis. It is shown that there is a 2-6 year oscillation at the interannual time scales and a quasi-30 year oscillation at the decadal time scales. These periodic oscillations relate to the distribution of tropical heat content. When the precipitation is much more (less) than normal, the upper seawater is colder (warmer) in almost all the tropical Indian Ocean, and warmer (colder) in the western Pacific as well as colder (warmer) in the eastern Pacific. The key areas of the anomaly heat content distribution that have significant correlation to the Yunnan precipitation in rainy season are in the southern hemispheric Indian Ocean with a dipole pattern in the winter as well as in the deep basin of the South China Sea (SCS) before the Yunnan rainy season begins. Therefore, the anomalous distributions of the heat content in the southern Indian Ocean and the SCS In winter are good indicators for predicting drought or flood in Yunnan Province in the following rainy season.

Assessment of temporal and spatial variations in surface water quality using multivariate statistical techniques: A case study of Nenjiang River basin, China

Assessment of temporal and spatial variations in surface water quality is important to evaluate the health of a watershed and make necessary management decisions to control current and future pollution of receiving water bodies. In this work, surface water quality data for 12 physical and chemical parameters collected from 10 sampling sites in the Nenjiang River basin during the years(2012-2013) were analyzed. The results show that river water quality has significant temporal and spatial variations. Hierarchical cluster analysis(HCA) grouped 12 months into three periods(LF, MF and HF) and classified 10 monitoring sites into three regions(LP, MP and HP) based on the similarity of water quality characteristics. The principle component analysis(PCA)/factor analysis(FA) was used to recognize the factors or origins responsible for temporal and spatial water quality variations. Temporal and spatial PCA/FA revealed that the Nenjiang River water chemistry was strongly affected by rock/water interaction, hydrologic processes and anthropogenic activities. This work demonstrates that the application of HCA and PCA/FA has achieved meaningful classification based on temporal and spatial criteria.