时尚新词语的变异动因及其规范化

时尚新词语的变异是一种特殊的语言现象,其产生有多方面的原因和条件;求新求奇的心理追求、高效简洁交际方式的需要、方言媒体的影响及英语的仿拟与混用是产生时尚新词语的重要动因;通过对时尚新词语的引导和规范,可以促进语言文字的创新和发展,有力地推动语文现代化的进程。

基于语言变异理论的社交网络用语的变异研究

社交网络的迅速发展促使语言在使用过程中产生了显著的变异现象。基于语言变异理论,本文深入探讨了社交网络用语变异的动因、类型与特点,并评估了其对语言规范、传播与发展的影响。随后,从社会、技术、个人三个层面分析了社交网络用语变异的动因,阐述了社会文化背景、技术进步以及个体差异对语言变异的影响。此外,本文进一步分析了词汇、语法、语音三个层面的变异特点,最后对社交网络用语的未来发展趋势进行了展望,提出在语言规范和语言创新之间寻求平衡的必要性,有助于深入地理解社交网络用语的变异现象,为语言研究提供了新的视角和思路。The rapid development of social networks has led to significant variations in language usage. Based on the theory of language variation, this article delves into the causes, types, and characteristics of language variation in social networks, and evaluates its impact on language norms, dissemination, and development. Subsequently, the reasons for the variation of social network language were analyzed from the perspectives of society, technology, and individuals, and the impact of socio-cultural background, technological progress, and individual differences on language variation was elaborated. In addition, this article further analyzes the variation characteristics of vocabulary, grammar, and phonetics, and finally looks forward to the future development trend of social network language. It proposes the necessity of seeking a balance between language norms and language innovation, which helps to deeply understand the phenomenon of variation in social network language and provides new perspectives and ideas for language research.

滇东彝族“确哦”“确比”探微

“确哦”与“确比”是滇东彝族“闹丧”活动中最为热烈、最具可观性的歌舞场面 ,它以其浓郁的民俗性和独特的艺术样式 ,在滇东世居少数民族音乐文化中独树一帜。它的形态、源流、变异与发展有其自身的规律和动因 ,对它进行收集、整理与研究 ,有利于我们深入了解滇东地区世居少数民族的民风民俗 ,提升其文化品位 。

Debates on the Causes of Global Warming

The controversy between the IPCC and Non-governmental IPCC(NIPCC) on the attribution of global warming are reviewed.IPCC holds that today's global warming is mainly due to anthropogenic activities rather than natural variability,which is emphasized by NIPCC.The surface temperature observations since the mid-20th century support the hypothesis of anthropogenic impact,but for the last one hundred years or so,natural forcings such as solar activity, volcanic eruptions and thermohaline circulation variations also have had great influences on the Earth's climate,especially on inter-decadal timescales.In addition,evidence suggests that the Medieval Warm Period(MWP) and Little Ice Age (LIA) are closely associated with the solar activity over the past 1 thousand years.Over the past 10 thousand years, the North Atlantic cold events and solar activity are closely correlated.Nevertheless,the physical mechanisms of the solar-climate variability and interrelation are not well understood,yet.Notably,a prevailing view recently indicates that galactic cosmic rays may result in climatic cooling through modulating global low cloud cover.However,its process and mechanism need to be further investigated.

Dynamic Changes,Regional Differences,and Influencing Factorsof CO_2 Emission Performance in China

This paper proposes to use DEA models with undesirable outputs to construct the Malmquist index that can be use to investigate the dynamic changes of CO 2 emission performance.With the index,the authors have measured the CO 2 emission performance of 28 provinces and autonomous regions in China from 1996 to 2007;with the convergence theory and panel data regression model,the authors analyze the regional differences and the influencing factors.It is found that the performance of CO 2 emissions in China has been continuously improved mainly due to the technological progress,and the average improvement rate is 3.25%,with a cumulative improvement rate of 40.86%.In addition,the CO 2 emission performance varies across four regions.As a whole,the performance score of eastern China is the highest.The northeastern and central China has relatively lower performance scores,and the western China is relatively backward.The regional differences are decreasing,and the performance of CO 2 emissions is convergent.The influence of some factors on the performance of CO 2 emissions is significant,such as the level of economic development,the level of industrial structure,energy intensity,and ownership structure.The influence of some factors,such as opening-up to the outside world,on the performance of CO 2 emissions is not significant..

Variability of Soil Salinity at Multiple Spatio-Temporal Scales and the Related Driving Factors in the Oasis Areas of Xinjiang,China

Located in the inland arid area of central Asia, salt-affected farmlands take up one third of the total irrigated land area in Xinjiang of Northwest China. Spatio-temporal variability of soil salinity and the underlying mechanism are fundamental problems challenging the sustainability of oasis agriculture in China. In this study, the data of total dissolved solids(TDS) measured for soil samples collected from 27 representative study areas in the oasis areas of Xinjiang were analyzed and the coefficient of variation(CV) and stratification ratio(SR) of TDS were used to describe the lateral and vertical soil salinity variations, respectively. Weekly, monthly,and annual changes in soil salinity were also summarized. Results showed that the top(0–20 cm) soil salinity was highly variable(CV> 75%) for most studied areas. Lateral variation of soil salinity was significantly correlated with the sampling interval; as a result, a maximum sampling interval of 0.9 m was found for reducing evaluation uncertainty. The top 0–20 cm soil salt accounted for about25.2% of the total salt in the 0–100 cm soil profile. The stratification ratio values(the ratio of TDS at the 20–40 cm depth to that at the 0–20 cm depth) were mostly smaller than 1 and on average 0.92, illustrating that the top 0–20 cm soil contained slightly more salt and a considerable amount of salt still existed in subsurface and deep horizons. Irrigation reduced top soil salinity by 0.52 g kg-1, or14.6%, within the first week. On average, the relative range of soil salinity, calculated to indicate monthly changes in soil salinity, was58.2% from May to September. A 27-year experiment indicated that cultivation increased soil salinity by 44.4% at a rate of 0.14 g kg-1year-1. At small spatio-temporal scales, soil salinity variation was mainly affected by anthropogenic factors, such as irrigation and land use. However, natural factors, including groundwater, topography, and climate conditions, mainly influenced soil salinity variation at large spatio-temporal scales. This study displayed the highly variable nature of soil salinity in space and time. Those driving factors identified in this study could provide guidelines for developing sustainable agriculture in the oasis areas and combating salinization in arid regions of China.