High-resolution remote sensing image-based extensive deformation-induced landslide displacement field monitoring method

Landslide is one of the multitudinous serious geological hazards. The key to its control and reduction lies on dynamic monitoring and early warning. The article points out the insufficiency of traditional measuring means applied for large-scale landslide monitoring and proposes the method for extensive landslide displacement field monitoring using high- resolution remote images. Matching of cognominal points is realized by using the invariant features of SIFT algorithm in image translation, rotation, zooming, and affine transformation, and through recognition and comparison of characteristics of high-resolution images in different landsliding periods. Following that, landslide displacement vector field can be made known by measuring the distances and directions between cognominal points. As evidenced by field application of the method for landslide monitoring at West Open Mine in Fushun city of China, the method has the attraction of being able to make areal measurement through satellite observation and capable of obtaining at the same time the information of large- area intensive displacement field, for facilitating automatic delimitation of extent of landslide displacement vector field and sliding mass. This can serve as a basis for making analysis of laws governing occurrence of landslide and adoption of countermeasures.

基于深度学习的散斑图像大变形测量方法

本文提出了一种针对复杂大变形的散斑图像位移场的测量方法,该方法利用注意力机制和深度可分离卷积改进一个现有的卷积神经网络模型用于测量大变形位移场。为训练该模型,构建了符合真实情况的包含多种类型的散斑图像和复杂大变形位移场的数据集并提出了新的损失函数。该方法与传统数字图像相关方法以及最新的深度学习方法分别在自建数据集和公开数据集上进行了对比实验和结果分析。结果表明,所提方法在模型参数量最小的情况下取得了最高的平均精度,位移场计算速度也远超传统方法,能够满足大变形位移场的实际实时测量需求。

基于数字图像相关方法的层状板岩Ⅰ型断裂特性研究

横观各向同性层状岩体的Ⅰ型张拉断裂破坏作为岩土工程常见问题受到广泛关注,对其开展研究具有重要的科学意义。本文以岷县木寨岭隧道炭质板岩为研究对象,利用CCD高速相机搭建观测系统来开展不同层理状态下直缝半圆盘三点弯(SCB)试验,通过数字图像相关方法分析炭质板岩裂纹扩展表面位移场演化特征和断裂过程区,研究结果表明:炭质板岩试样在韧带仅为宽度0.4 mm的人工直缝尖端应力集中程度高,起裂易发生,导致相应峰值破坏载荷均较小,且断裂破坏呈显著脆性;炭质板岩层理对其张拉断裂特性显著影响,典型层理如ME,MD,MA型试样断裂韧度依次为0.195,0.097,0.168 MPa·m;通过数字方法揭示了试样裂纹起裂及断裂演化的拓展过程,断裂扩展路径受层理影响有显著差异;基于缝端口张开位移和缝尖表面位移场关系,提出了计算断裂过程区长度的简化方法,对比理论解结果较为接近,具有科学、合理性。