导数压轴题的变形策略

导数是高考数学的必考知识,其综合性强,难度较高.要有效解决导数压轴题,合理变形转化是关键.

船桥碰撞非线性数值仿真研究

为了研究湘江流域典型桥梁船桥碰撞时的撞击力和能量转换过程,为后续大桥的防船撞设计提供参考,以株洲建宁大桥为研究背景,按照实际尺寸建立货船和桥墩模型,并使用ABAQUS有限元软件对其进行非线性动力仿真分析,研究了船桥碰撞过程中,船的撞击速度、吨位和撞击角度对撞击力的影响,以及船的变形情况和船桥碰撞中的能量转化关系。研究结果表明:船撞力峰值和船速存在正相关关系;船舶的吨位越大,撞击力峰值越大并且撞击的时间越长;船的撞击角度与碰撞时间之间没有呈现出明显的规律;船的撞击速度、吨位和撞击角度3种影响因素对船桥碰撞的撞击力和船体变形均有影响,但主要因素还是船速和船的吨位;在碰撞过程中,船的撞击动能基本转化为塑性变形能,船体变形主要集中在船艏碰撞区域,远离碰撞区域的船身部位没有明显的变形。

磁场辅助加工的研究现状及其发展趋势

将高密度能量场(声、光、电、热、磁等)引入加工区域,辅助或直接形成材料去除是先进制造技术发展的一个重要方向。磁场辅助加工是能量场加工中出现较早的一个技术,其原位吸热和主动控制残余应力的特点,预示了这一技术在材料加工领域的巨大应用前景。从加工过程的磁致效应、工具/工件磁化加工、磁场辅助加工基本理论三个方面对磁场辅助加工的发展现状进行了综述,并对其未来的发展方向进行了展望。

Phase transitions, micro-morphology and its oxidation mechanism in oxidation of ilmenite (FeTiO_3) powder

Phase transitions, morphology changes, and oxidation mechanism of the ilmenite oxidation process were investigated. FeTi03 transforms to hematite and rutile when oxidation at 700-800 ℃, and pseudobrookite is formed when the oxidation temperature reaches 900 ℃. The initial ilmenite powder exhibits paramagnetism; however, after being oxidized at the intermediate temperature （800-850 ℃）, the oxidation product exhibits weak ferromagnetism. The oxidation mechanism was discussed. The microstructure observations show that a lot of micro-pores emerge on the surfaces of ilmenite particles at the intermediate temperature, which is deemed to be caoable ofenhancin~ the mass transfer ofoxgen during oxidation.

Microstructure evolution and dislocation configurations in nanostructured Al-Mg alloys processed by high pressure torsion

Microstructure evolution and dislocation configurations in nanostructured Al–Mg alloys processed by high pressure torsion （HPT） were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy （TEM） and high-resolution TEM （HRTEM）. The results show that the grains less than 100 nm have sharp grain boundaries （GBs） and are completely free of dislocations. In contrast, a high density of dislocation as high as 1017 m^-2 exists within the grains larger than 200 nm and these larger grains are usually separated into subgrains and dislocation cells. The dislocations are 60° full dislocations with Burgers vectors of 1/2〈110〉and most of them appear as dipoles and loops. The microtwins and stacking faults （SFs） formed by the Shockley partials from the dissociation of both the 60° mixed dislocation and 0° screw dislocation in ultrafine grains were simultaneously observed by HRTEM in the HPT Al–Mg alloys. These results suggest that partial dislocation emissions, as well as the activation of partial dislocations could also become a deformation mechanism in ultrafine-grained aluminum during severe plastic deformation. The grain refinement mechanism associated with the very high local dislocation density, the dislocation cells and the non-equilibrium GBs, as well as the SFs and microtwins in the HPT Al-Mg alloys were proposed.

一类含参导数问题的解决策略探究

近几年高考导数与函数试题中出现了幂函数和指数函数或幂函数和对数函数的复合函数题型,是高考试题中的难点、热点、更是亮点.通常以压轴题呈现,尤其第二问是拉开学生层次的题型,此类问题通常涉及恒成立和能成立问题,考查函数性质与导数处理最值等综合应用能力,求解中重视参数变量分离和分类讨论两种思维,合理变形转化是解决问题的入口,几乎每位考生对此类问题却很困惑,也无解题策略,为了解决这类问题,本文将给出一种解决方案,供各位读者参考和借鉴.

一类含参导数问题的解决策略探究

在近几年高考导数与函数试题中出现了幂函数和指数函数或幂函数和对数函数的复合函数题型,是高考试题中的难点、热点,更是亮点.这种题型通常以压轴题的形式呈现,尤其第二问是拉开学生层次的关键,此类问题通常涉及恒成立和能成立问题,考查函数性质、导数和最值的综合应用.在求解中重视参数变量分离和分类讨论两种思维,合理变形转化是解决问题的突破口.每年大部分考生对此类问题很困惑,也没有解题策略,为了解决这类问题,本文给出了一种解决方案,供各位读者参考和借鉴.

Estimation of deformed laser heat sources and thermal analysis on laser assisted turning of square member

Laser assisted machining （LAM） has difficulties in estimating temperature after applying a LAM process due to its very small heat input area, large energy and movement. In particular, in the case of laser assisted turning （LAT） process, it is more difficult to estimate the temperature after preheating because it has a shape of ellipse when a laser heat source is rotated. A prediction method and thermal analysis method for heat source shapes were proposed as a square shaped member was preheated. The temperature distribution was calculated according to the rotation of the member. Compared with the results of the former study, the maximum temperature of the calculation results, 1 407.1 ℃, is 8.5 ℃ higher than that of the square member, which is 1 398.6 ℃. In a LAT process for a square member, the maximum temperature is 1 850.8 ℃. It is recognized that a laser power control process is required because square members show a maximum temperature that exceeds a melting temperature at around a vertex of the member according to the rotation.

推本溯源 就式论式——浙江省高考数列压轴题的解题突破

浙江省数学高考连续3年都以数列不等式的综合题作为压轴.文章剖析2017年浙江省数学高考的压轴题,推本溯源,归纳出数列不等式的解题突破——就＂式＂论＂式＂,并用＂就式论式＂的思路突破浙江省近几年的数列不等式压轴题,为新一轮的高三数学复习备考,提供一个启迪思维、探究解法的视角.

Glass Formation of n-Butanol： Coarse-grained Molecular Dynamics Simulations Using Gay-Berne Potential Model

Using coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations based on Gay-Berne potential model, we have simulated the cooling process of liquid n-butanol. A new set of GB parameters are obtained by fitting the results of density functional theory calculations. The simulations are carried out in the range of 290-50 K with temperature decrements of 10 K. The cooling characteristics are determined on the basis of the variations of the density, the potential energy and orientational order parameter with temperature, whose slopes all show discontinuity. Both the radial distribution function curves and the second-rank orientational correlation function curves exhibit splitting in the second peak. Using the discontinuous change of these thermodynamic and structure properties, we obtain the glass transition at an estimate of temperature Tg=1204.10 K, which is in good agreement with experimental results 1104-1 K.

亭南煤矿东翼轨道大巷底鼓力学机制及控制技术

为解决亭南煤矿东翼轨道大巷底鼓问题,采用现场调查、围岩物化成分分析、吸水软化试验和数值分析等方法,研究了亭南煤矿软岩巷道底鼓特征、影响因素和变形力学机制。结果表明:底鼓主要是由于巷道底板岩层岩性软弱膨胀性强,底板在无支护状态下成为巷道变形和应力释放的主要空间,巷道底角软岩在两帮应力传递作用下产生剪切塑性大变形,向底板中部挤压形成底鼓。提出了底板隔水、加固、控制变形的治理原则,采用混凝土反底拱+金属焊接网+底角管缝式锚杆的支护形式,对底板进行加固。通过现场监测和数值分析,表明新支护能够改善底板围岩受力状态,切断底角剪切滑移变形,有效控制巷道底鼓变形。

Shape change induced by g_(9/2) rotational alignment in ^(84,86)Mo

Neutron-deficient Z ≈ N nuclei84,86Mo have been investigated using pairing-deformation self-consistent cranked shell modelcalculations up to spin I > 20 . Our calculations are in good agreement with the experimental data, indicating γ-soft triaxial shapesat low rotational frequency and well-deformed triaxial-oblate shapes at high rotational frequency for both nuclei. The shape changeis due to the alignments of the g9/2protons and g9/2neutrons.

Contact binaries:Ⅱ.The importance of deformation caused by rotation and tides to the light curve of a contact binary

The theoretical light curves of contact binaries are calculated with and without putting in the contact binary evolution model.Firstly,we do not use the contact binary evolution model.A comparison of the light curve is performed with and without the deformation caused by rotation and tides.It shows that the light curve presents many differences,especially on the bottom and top.Secondly,we adopt the contact binary model [Huang R Q,et al.Chin J Astron Astrophys,2007,7:235-244;Song H F,et al.Chin J Astron Astrophys,2007,7:539-550] and compute the theoretical light curve with and without rotational and tidal effects by studying three binary systems(with low-,intermediate-and high-mass components).The bottom and top of the theoretical light curves are discussed and compared to observations.The results show that taking into account the rotational effect has a better agreement with observations than without it.Therefore,the deformation of the light curve of contact binaries caused by rotation and tides is very important.Meanwhile,the rotational and tidal effect can advance the start of the semi-detached,contact phase and the time of mass-reversal.