边缘驱动双腔可变形透镜的设计及制备

针对基于边缘驱动的可变形透镜无法进行球差像差的问题,该文提出了一种边缘驱动双腔可变形透镜结构。上腔体压电圆环32个致动器,校正除球差外的其余低阶像差,主要包括离焦、像散及慧差的校正。下腔体压电圆环1个致动器,通过与上腔致动器的相互作用,实现球差的校正。搭建了可变形透镜性能测试平台并进行了实验。实验结果表明,该可变形透镜能重构前4阶Zernike像差。

基于可变形透镜的可调艾里光束生成

提出了一种可直接生成可调艾里光束的可变形透镜,相比于其他生成艾里光束的方法,该可变形透镜可嵌入光路中直接生成艾里光束。制备了可变形透镜的原理样机,并搭建了基于波前传感器的艾里光束生成系统。实验上基于制备的可变形透镜生成了高质量的立方相位可调的艾里光束,生成的立方相位的残余误差小于相应目标幅值的3.4%,生成的艾里光束的光强分布和传播特性与理论结果相吻合,故该可变形透镜在直接生成可调艾里光束方面有潜在的应用价值。

Deformation defects and electron irradiation effect in nanostructured Al-Mg alloy processed by severe plastic deformation

In order to explore the exact nature of deformation defects previously observed in nanostructured Al-Mg alloys subjected to severe plastic deformation, a more thorough examination of the radiation effect on the formation of the planar defects in the high pressure torsion （HPT） alloys was conducted using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy （HRTEM）. The results show that high density defects in the HRTEM images disappear completely when these images are exposed under the electron beam for some duration of time. At the same time, lattice defects are never observed within no-defect areas even when the beam-exposure increases to the degree that holes appear in the areas. Therefore, it is confirmed that the planar defects observed in the HPT alloys mainly result from the significant plastic deformation and are not due to the radiation effect during HRTEM observation.

MECHANISM OF MICROBAND FORMATION IN COLD ROLLED INTERSTITIAL-FREE STEEL

The mechanism of the shear band formation in the high cold rolled BCC metal is analyzed. Based on the plastic deformation theory, the shear distribution in the deformed grain is calculated by using the Taylor constraint model and the Bishop ＆ Hill maximum work principle. Results show that when the rolling direction （RD） is parallel to a certain direction of a grain, the large localized shear occurs on one slip plane, thus generating microbands in the grain because of the high localized shear strain. The angle between the RD and the shear band is about 30°. The plate-like structure of the microband is formed because of the dislocation double cross slip. The transmission electron microscope （TEM） observation of the microband in the cold rolled BCC metal confirms the formation mechanism of the microband.

专利

本专利阐述一种用旋转光楔元件实现激束频移的方法.这种器件可产生随时间变化的相移.专利中介绍了光学频移器透射和反射结构及实现频移的过程,估了频移范围为0.1-2MHz(美国专利号:5262889)

Effect of heat treatment on microstructure and dimensional stability of ZL114A aluminum alloy

The effects of heat treatment process on microstrucature, micro-yield strength and dynamic dimensional stability of ZL114A aluminum alloy were investigated by optical microscopy （OM）, transmission electron microscopy （TEM）, tensile testing and thermal cycling on-line measuring method. Fine dispersed eutectic Si phases are observed, and long strip eutectic Si and massive primary Si phases decrease in ZL114A alloy after high-temperature and long-time solution treatment, which result in the increase of micro-plastic deformation resistance. With the increasing of aging temperature, aging precipitation behaviour of ZLll4A alloy transforms from precipitation of GP zone and fl＇ phases simultaneously at lower temperature to precipitation of stable Mg2Si phases at higher temperature. Because coherent strengthening is the main strengthen mechanism for micro-plastic deformation, precipitation of stable Mg2Si phases is unfavorable to the improvement of micro-plastic deformation resistance. Micro-yield strength cannot characterize dimensional stability comprehensively, and dynamic dimensional stability under alternative temperature should also be tested cooperatively for better evaluation of dimensional stability.

Hot deformation behavior and microstructure evolution of TC4 titanium alloy

The hot deformation behavior of Ti-6Al-4V （TC4） titanium alloy was investigated in the temperature range from 650℃ to 950℃ with the strain rate ranging from 7.7×10^-4 s^-1 to 7.7×10^-2 s^-1. The hot tension test results indicate that the flow stress decreases with increasing the deformation temperature and increases with increasing the strain rate. XRD analysis result reveals that only deformation temperature affects the phase constitution. The microstructure evolution under different deformation conditions was characterized by TEM observation. For the deformation of TC4 alloy, the work-hardening is dominant at low temperature, while the dynamic recovery and dynamic re-crystallization assisted softening is dominant at high temperature.

Low cycle fatigue properties and cyclic deformation behavior of as-extruded AZ31 magnesium alloy

The low cycle fatigue(LCF)properties of as-extruded AZ31 Mg alloy were investigated under total strain amplitudes in the range of 0.4%-1.2%with strain rate of 1×10- 2s -1.Due to the twinning effect in compression during loading and the detwinning effect during unloading,the alloy showed an asymmetric hysteresis loop.The cyclic stress response exhibited cyclic hardening at high total strain amplitudes.The cyclic deformation behaviors were discussed using the Coffin-Manson plot,which divided the plastic strain amplitudes into the tension side and the compression side.Through the LCF tests that were started from either tension or compression under a total strain amplitude of 1.0%,the interaction between the twinning effect and dislocation was analyzed.The twinning effect during the LCF test and the variation of the dislocation density were investigated using optical microscopy and transmission electron microscopy,respectively.

光刻物镜中主动液体透镜的像差特性研究

为了对光刻物镜的像差进行补偿,设计了一种主动液体透镜,并分析了该主动液体透镜变形过程中的像差变化特性。用去离子水、氟化锂设计了一种主动液体透镜,在考虑重力及静水压力的情况下,分别计算了一点至六点均布、各点均匀施加载荷作用下镜片的变形;然后对变形镜片的挠度进行了Zernike多项式拟合,得到了各标准Zernike多项式系数所表示的像差与机械挤压力之间的函数关系。计算表明:主动液体透镜的各标准Zernike多项式系数值随受力大小呈强线性关系;除一点受力变形外,在多点受力变形情况下主动液体透镜像差的前三项均为piston,defocus及n-foil;主动液体透镜对piston项及defocus项这两种像差的调节能力随受力点的增加有增强趋势,而对其他类型像差的调节能力则呈下降趋势。

In situ Nanomechanical Research on Large-Scale Plastic Deformation of Individual Ultrathin Multi-walled Carbon Nanotube

Carbon nanotubes are a promising candidate for the application of flexible electronics due to the ultrahigh intrinsic conductivity and excellent mechanical flexibility. In the present work, the morphology of the ultrathin (diameter<20 nm) multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) under an axial compression was investigated by using in-situ transmission electron microscopy. Moreover, the overall dynamic deformation processes and the force-displacement (F-D) curves of the MWCNTs were also examined. Interestingly, the MWCNTs almost restored their original morphology after 15 loading-unloading cycles. The deformation and recovery process indicate that the MWCNTs are flexible and exhibit excellent durability against compression. The Young’s modulus of the MWCNTs is estimated with the value of ∽0.655 TPa derived from the F-D curves fitting. Our results suggest that the ultrathin carbon nanotube structures may have great application potentials in flexible devices.

基于聚类和自适应滤波的成像式心率检测方法

提出了应用于成像式光电容积描记(IPPG)的凹透镜变形算法和肤色像素聚类的感兴趣区域(ROI)动态选取方法,以及针对脉搏波(BVP)信号的自适应归一化最小均方误差(NLMS)滤波算法来解决IPPG心率检测方法在头部运动及光照变化干扰等运动场景下存在的测量结果准确度低和波动性大等问题。首先,利用凹透镜变形算法将面部肤色区域进行图像扭曲和膨胀。其次,通过K-means++聚类方法进行皮肤区域像素选取。然后,应用CHROM算法对BVP信号进行预降噪处理。上述处理方法构成了ROI动态选取方法,可解决头部运动带来的影响。最后,采用提出的自适应NLMS算法对BVP信号进行光照变化干扰的自适应滤波后,完成心率的计算。实验结果表明,所提出的心率检测方法在运动场景下的平均绝对误差(MAE)达到0.92次/min,即使在光照剧烈变化的条件下MAE也能达到2.20次/min。该方法能够有效解决IPPG技术中ROI定位不准、选取困难以及受光照变化影响严重等不足。