新抗病毒抗生素变活霉素A

变活霉素A为一新的蒽环类广谱抗病毒抗生素,在组织培养内对4株单纯疱疹Ⅰ型病毒(HSV-1),4株单纯疱疹Ⅱ型病毒,流感甲_3病毒及柯萨奇B_6病毒的致细胞病变作用均有抑制活性,IC_(50)为6.25～12.5μg/ml。相同剂量可降低HSV-1繁殖量 1.5～3.5个对数值(log10)。细胞感染HSV-1后 4～10小时再用变活霉素A处理,仍可抑制,推迟细胞病变的发展.250～500μg/ml变活霉素A在无细胞系统内对HSV-2 DNA聚合酶,人免疫缺陷病毒(HIV-1)逆转录酶,鸭乙型肝炎病毒DNA聚合酶及牛胸腺DNA聚合酶α均无抑制活性。

新蒽环类抗生素变活霉素小组分的分离和结构测定

从无活性链霉菌1254经诱变所获变株113的发酵液中,除变活霉素A外,还分离得到四种小组分,变活霉素B、C、D及7—脱氧变活霉酮A。基于光谱及质谱证据,它们的结构阐明如式(1)所示。它们均对某些革兰氏阳性菌有抑制作用,其中变活霉素C还对小鼠红细胞白血病的生长有诱导分化和抑制作用。 通过变活霉素B、C、D的CD谱与柔红霉素,柔红霉酮、变活霉索A及变活霉酮A_2的CD谱比较以及NOE差谱的研究确定变活霉素B、C、D的“A”环与变活霉素A的“A”环立体化学相同,亦为7S、9R。“A”环呈半椅式构象,C_9在蒽醌环平面上方。

对比分析超声造影及常规超声在肺实变穿刺活检中的应用

目的分析在肺实变穿刺活检中采取超声造影及常规超声引导的应用价值。方法从本医院选取肺实变穿刺活检患者60例,采取单双号法分组,每组30例,分析组采取超声造影引导活检,对比组采取常规超声穿刺活检,对比两组坏死区检出率、穿刺正确率、周围大血管显示率及坏死区最大范围。结果分析组坏死区检出率、穿刺正确率、周围大血管显示率显著高于对比组,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),分析组坏死区最大范围大于对比组,组间差异有统计学对比意义(P<0.05)。结论肺实变诊断中应用超声造影引导活检可提高坏死区检出率,提升穿刺正确率。

活态流变,赋予民俗更持久生命力--从国家级非物质文化遗产名录“崖口飘色”说起

民间习俗是非物质文化遗产的重要组成部分,是人民群众在长期的劳动和生活实践中,根据当地的自然条件、地理环境和民族信仰而创造的一些约定俗成的生活现象,而经历不同时代的活态流变,能够不断丰富民俗活动的内涵,赋予民俗活动有持久的生命力。

基于唯物史观的乡村音乐文化研究--读赵宴会教授新著《苏北唢呐班百年活态流变研究》

赵宴会教授所著的《苏北唢呐班百年活态流变研究》一书是运用马克思主义哲学探究乡村音乐文化的创新力作,凸显了历史唯物主义的科学内涵和唢呐文化的艺术价值。该书以唯物史观为基本立场,从生产力与生产关系的矛盾运动中、从人民群众的主体性作用中,统筹多学科研究方法,对百年来苏北唢呐班“变成什么样”“怎么变”“为什么变”以及“怎么办”等问题进行探讨,具有深厚的理论价值和重要的现实意义。

靖江做会讲经仪式音乐程式与程式之活变

江苏靖江做会讲经的仪式音乐最显著的特征,是具有程式及程式之外的活变双重特性。本文着力于以深描的笔触将该特征描述出来,以期更好地归纳与分析靖江做会讲经仪式中的音乐。

小山变活了

这是一座光秃秃的小山，没有植物。小羊、小猴、小猪和小鸟来了。

古局衍化史略——“挞士变活”到“西伯伐崇”（中）

由“独炮占魁”到“三擒孟获” 图1形势是出版于公元1707年清代古谱《韬略玄机》的“独炮占魁”局。棋势虽已改动，但保留了炮一平四轰士以解杀还杀的特点。

非遗视角下山西太谷形意拳活态流变规律探析

活态流变性是非物质文化遗产的本质特征,对非遗活态流变规律的探索和分析是非遗保护工作开展的前提。通过对作为国家级非遗的山西太谷形意拳从传承内容、传承组织、传承群体、传承空间四个方面进行基于太谷形意拳数百年传承历史的活态流变特征梳理,总结出太谷形意拳的活态流变规律:理一分殊,内承外化的内容流变;崇德开放,圈层辐射的传播特征;人随拳旧,拳随人新的双向影响;历史孕育,独立存续的形意传统。

VIA—VILI肉眼观察法用于经济欠发达地区宫颈病变诊断价值的研究

目的：探讨VIA—VILI肉眼观察法用于贫困山区宫颈病变诊断中的临床价值。方法：对2007年7月至2009年1月在怀化市第三人民医院就诊的11200名就诊患者中进行醋酸肉眼观察法VIA5600名及复方碘染色肉眼观察法VILI5600名，对发现异常的患者进行阴道镜病理检查。结果：5600名肉眼观察患者中检出VIA阳性者291例（5．19％），其中，180例阴道镜病理检查为CINⅡ者20例，CINⅢ级或以上者8例，VILI阳性者281例（5．01％），其中177名阴道镜病理检查为CINⅡ级者19例，CIN Ⅱ级者或以上者8例，发现VIA对CINII和CINⅢ级以上的检测敏感度为79％-83％．VILI的敏感度为85％和84％．结论：VIA VILI肉眼观察法适用于筛查和诊断子宫颈癌前病变的可靠手段，因此特别是对经济欠发达地区，往往没有细胞学诊断的医生，缺乏薄层液基细胞学和HPV检测的设备和技术。综合考虑设备需求和经济条件等原因，VIA和VILI是简单，便宜，技术含量低的筛查方法①。

CT导引下肺部孤立性结节穿刺活检的临床应用

目的探讨CT引导下经皮穿刺活检对肺部结节性病灶的临床应用价值。方法 50例肺部结节性病变CT引导下经皮活检。结果 50例病灶均成功穿刺,成功率为100%。病理检出48例,诊断成功率为96%。术后并发肺出血2例,发生率为4%,气胸2例,发生率为4%。结论 CT引导下经皮穿刺活检术对肺部结节病变的诊断安全、有效,正确性高,并发症少,具有临床应用价值。

逝者如斯,而未尝往也——曲阜祭孔仪式活态传承研究

对于非物质文化遗产来说,活态性是其本然形态,是其生命线,非物质文化遗产必然是能动的,是随着时间、地域、场景变化而变化的,非遗在传承过程中一定会有流程、内容或其他方面的变化。曲阜祭孔大典这一文化空间作为一项非物质文化遗产,自然而然的具有活态流变的性质,也同样面临着非物质文化遗产在活态流变过程中容易出现的问题,即活态传承过程中什么能变,什么不能变的问题。因本文只研究曲阜地区的祭孔仪式,不讨论地域变化导致的变异、创新,单从时间维度,从古代典籍记载、现代媒体记录两个方面观察祭孔仪式的变化,分析今天曲阜传承的祭孔仪式中出现的问题,探讨活态传承祭孔仪式的同时,如何保持祭孔仪式的固有内涵和文化语境。

作文教学之我见

为了提高作文教学效率，作文教学可以将原有教学模式完全打破，把作文教学的内容、时间、形式、批改和讲评变活。

针刺胸膜活检在临床诊断胸腔积液的价值(附92例分析)

目的:探讨针刺胸膜活检术在临床诊断胸腔积液,尤其对渗出性胸腔积液诊断的意义。方法:结合92例渗出性胸腔积液病例行经胸壁皮肤针刺胸膜活检术的检查结果行回顾性分析。结果:其中37例通过针刺胸膜活检术组织病理检果确诊为结核、转移性胸膜腺癌、乳腺癌胸膜转移、胸膜转移性非小细胞癌、肺鳞癌胸膜转移、胸膜间皮瘤。诊断阳性率40.2％。结论:使用针刺胸膜活检术结合临床、实验室检查、影像学检查在临床诊断胸腔积液是非常重要的。

分块实施 培养能力——高三物理实验复习的有效做法

每年高考都把实验能力的考查作为一项重要内容,实验题的命题范围也已由考纲内实验逐渐转向对考纲内实验的拓展。实验考查已由识记、熟练型演变为灵活、能力型,这种命题思想显然增加了高考实验复习的难度,不少教师或学生感到实验复习不好把握,甚至无所适从。分析研究近年高考物理实验题发现,实验题命制时,注意体现：题在书外,理在书中,重在手脑并用。因此,在实验复习时,可采用模块复习法,即第一模块：基本仪器、仪表;第二模块：实验基本思想、原理、方法;第三模块：设计实验,可收到很好的复习效果。

Microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ61 magnesium alloy parts achieved by thixo-extruding semisolid billets prepared by new SIMA

New strain induced melt activation（new SIMA） method was employed to prepare high-quality semisolid billet of AZ61 magnesium alloy.Optical microscopy and tensile test were used to study the microstructure and mechanical properties of the thixo-extruded component.The results showed that the optimal process parameters for achieving the complete filling status involved the applied pressure of 784 MPa,the pressure holding time of 90 s and the die temperature of 450 ℃.Compared to semisolid isothermal treatment,high mechanical properties such as the tensile strength of 300.5 MPa and elongation of 22% and fine microstructure were obtained in the thixo-extruded parts.With increasing the isothermal temperature and holding time,the tensile strength and elongation were increased firstly and then decreased.When the press pass was increased from 1 to 4,the tensile strength and elongation of the thixo-extruded parts were greatly enhanced and microstructure was refined obviously.

Effects of mutation on a new strain Leptospirillum ferriphilum YXW and bioleaching of gold ore

Leptospirillum ferriphilum YXW was isolated through serial dilution from mixed microorganisms enriched in AMD from Dexing copper mine in Jiangxi Province, China. It was mutated by ultrasonic, UV and microwave to collect more efficient strain for bioleaching of gold ore. Physiological and biochemical characteristics indicate that strain YXW is a strict chemoautotrophic microorganism, and the optimal condition for its growth is temperature of 40 °C and pH 1.5. After mutation by ultrasonic, UV and microwave, the density of bacterial cells reached 9×109, 8.4×109 and 4.3×108 mL-1, increased by 291%, 265%and 87%, respectively, compared with the original culture. The bacterial total protein activity was improved by microwave and UV mutations, but was reduced by ultrasonic. Mutations had effects on bioleaching of gold ore in sequence of microwave〉UV〉ultrasonic. During gold ore bioleaching, the bacterial mutant after mutation by microwave had the best effect on the extraction rates of arsenic and iron, which were 19.6%and 17.7%higher than that of the original strain after bioleaching for 10 d, respectively. The results suggested that the effects of mutation on bioleaching of gold ore may not be mainly due to increase of bacterial cells density, but may be mainly attributed to the improvement of bacterial total protein activity.

Deformation mechanism and softening effect of extruded AZ31 magnesium alloy sheet at moderate temperatures

The flow stress behavior of extruded AZ31 magnesium alloy sheet was investigated by means of compression tests at temperatures between 473 and 523 K and strain rates ranging from 0.001 to 1.0 s-1. The deformation activation energy of the sheet in extrusion direction （ED） was calculated, and the relationship between the softening effect and deformation mechanism was elucidated by optical microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The results show that when the extruded AZ31 magnesium alloy samples were compressed at moderate temperatures in ED direction, the deformation activation energy is 174.18 kJ/mol, which means that dynamic recrystallization （DRX） is the main softening effect and is controlled by cross slip of thermal active dislocation. Dislocation slip is the main deformation mechanism in moderate-temperature deformation process except twinning. The main DRX effect at moderate temperatures can be considered to be continuous dynamic recrystallization accommodated with twinning DRX.

Screening of Biocontrol Strain Bacillus subtilis by N^+ Ion Beam Implantation

[Objective] This study was to investigate the effect of N＋ ion beam implantation on the survival rate and mutation rate of biocontrol strain Bacillus subtilis. [Method] The factors influencing B. subtilis ion beam implantation, including culture time, dilution concentration, solvent, drying time of mycoderm were optimized. B. subtilis cells were implanted by using ion beam at dose of 2.0×10^14～4.0×10^14 ions/cm2 and the energy of 30 kev. Then the methods of culturing colonies confronting each other on plate and Oxford cup diffusion were used to screening strains. [Result] The optimal parameters were found as follows： culture in liquid for 20-24 h, dilution with sterile water to 106 cells/ml and drying time of 60 min for sample preparation; the optimal N＋ ion beam implantation dose of 2.0×10^14～4.0×10^14 ions/cm2 at the energy of 30 kev, the survival rate of 8.43%-26.71% and the mutation rate of 3.50%-5.43%. [Conclusion] This study provided reference for ion beam implantation mutation of B. subtilis.

Hot deformation behavior of TC11/Ti-22Al-25Nb dual-alloy in isothermal compression

The high-temperature flow behavior of TCll/Ti-22Al-25 Nb electron beam（EB） weldments was investigated by the isothermal compression tests at the temperature of 900-1060℃ and the strain rate of 0.001-10 s-（-1）.Based on the experimental data,the constitutive equation that describes the flow stress as a function of strain rate and deformation temperature is obtained.The apparent activation energy of deformation is calculated,which decreases with increasing the strain and the value is 334 kJ/mol at strain of 0.90.The efficiency of power dissipation η changes obviously with the variation of deformation conditions.Under the strain rates of 0.01,0.1 and 1 s-（-1）,the value of η increases with increasing the true strain for different deformation temperatures.While the value of η decreases with increasing the strain under the strain rates of 0.001 and 10 s-（-1）.The optimum processing condition is（t（opi）=1060℃,ε（opi）=0.1 s-（-1）） with the peak efficiency of 0.51.Under this deformation,dynamic recrystallization（DRX） is observed obviously in the microstructure of welding zone.Under the condition of 1060℃ and 0.001 s-（-1）,the deformation mechanism is dominated by dynamic recovery（DRV） and the value of η decreases sharply（η=0.02）.The flow instability is predicted to occur since the instability parameter ξ（ε）becomes negative.The hot working process can be carried out safely in the domain with the strain rate of 0.001-0.6 s-（-1） and the temperature of 900-1060℃.