基于传动集成控制的锥环无级变速方法的研究

本文研究了一种新型汽车无级变速机构,其由两个圆锥体和一个金属锥环组成,锥环式无级变速器利用锥环本身的机械特性,实现变速器速比的转换。在Matlab/Simulink环境下建立了整车动力传动系一体化控制仿真模型,根据PID控制器的控制原理及特点对传统的PID控制器进行了改进,并对几种典型行驶工况进行了仿真分析,仿真结果表明,设计的调速控制策略能适应车辆各种行驶工况的要求,实际速比能很好地跟随目标速比。

环锥行星无级变速器的弹性流体润滑设计及牵引油选择

介绍了环锥行星无级变速器的弹性流体动压润滑(EHL)设计,推导出传动元件接触点的运动方向及其垂直方向当量曲率半径dρx和dρy、运动方向滚动速度u的计算公式,计算出接触点的无量纲速度U、载荷W和材料参数G,得出接触区中央油膜厚度hc、最小油膜厚度hm in和膜厚比Λ随传动比iba的变化规律。实际应用表明,根据设计结果加工的传动元件表面粗糙度达到0.1μm,膜厚比3<Λ<10,基本实现了传动元件最小的磨损和最长的寿命。比较了Santot-rac合成牵引油与Ub无级变速器专用油的性能,选用Ub-1无级变速器专用油。

高效率功率分流RX行星锥环无级变速器的研究

根据RX型行星锥环无级变速器的传动原理和结构特点,针对其现有的缺陷,提出了一种高效率、大功率、没有封闭循环功率的功率分流无级变速器,并对其功率计算进行了理论分析,通过具体实例计算并比较了其和RX型锥环无级变速器的效率。

高效率功率分流式RX行星环锥无级变速器研究

根据RX行星环锥无级变速器的传动原理和结构特点,针对其现有缺陷,提出了一种高效率、大功率、没有封闭循环功率的功率分流无级变速器,并对其功率进行了理论分析,按具体实例计算其效率。

锥环无级变速器技术专利技术发展综述

针对锥环无级变速器技术专利技术发展进行了论述。

基于变速积分PID的KRG速比控制策略研究

以新型锥环无级变速器为研究对象,针对在车辆速比变化较大工况下目标速比阶跃输入对实际速比影响较大的情况,采用变速积分PID控制器对锥环无级变速器的速比进行控制。通过Matlab/Simulink建立整车仿真模型和变速积分控制器模型,对急加速和全减速两种典型工况进行仿真分析,验证整车仿真模型和变速积分速比控制策略的正确性。基于dSPACE系统对搭载锥环无级变速器的样车进行实车试验,将试验结果与仿真结果对比,验证速比控制策略的可行性。

Study on the Daily Change of Photosynthetic Rate for Prunus domestica × armeniacain Different Seasons

[Objective] The aim of this study was to explore the daily change of photosyntheticratefor Prunus domestica ×armeniacain different growing seasons. The study can provide theoretical basis for arid area high yield and quality cultivation.[Method] The photosynthetic physiological properties of leaves of different types of Prunus domestica × armeniaca were measured by the Li-6400 portable photosynthesis system indifferent seasons. By this method could analysis of photosyntheticcharacteristicsfor different types of Prunus domestica×armeniaca in different seasons.[Result] Daily change of photosyntheticrate（Pn） for Prunus domestica×armeniaca in differentseasons showed a ＂double-peak＂ curve. The peak values were at 10：00 and16：00. The Pn of ‘Fengweihuanghou＇, ‘Konglongdan＇, ‘Weihou＇, ‘Weiwang＇ and‘Weidi＇ reached the maximum in July, theywere 13.75, 14.76, 12.96, 13.3, and 11.9μmol/（m^2·s）, respectively. The Pn of Prunus domestica×armeniaca reached minimumin August, they were 9.78, 10.71, 12.02, 10.43 μmol/（m^2·s）. The Pn overall average of ‘Konglongdan＇ was highest,it reached 12.65 μmol/（m^2·s）.The Pn overall average of ‘Weiwang＇ was lowest, it reached 11.31μmol/（m^2·s）. There were extremely significant positive correlation between the Pn and Gs（P0.01）. [Conclusion] Daily change of photosyntheticrate for Prunus domestica ×armeniaca in differentseasons showed a ＂double-peak＂ curve, showing significant phenomenon of ＂midday depression＂.The photosynthesis intensity of Prunus domestica ×armeniaca was strongest in July, and the photosynthesis intensity was weakest in August. ‘Konglongdan＇showed the strongest photosynthesis capacity, ‘Weihou＇ and ‘Weiwang＇, followed.There were highest correlation between the Pn and stoma conductance（Gs）.

新型智能导盲车的设计分析与研究

盲人是一个没有视觉感知力的弱势群体,盲人行走在川流不息的城市中,会非常的不便和危险。为实现导盲功能化,大众化,受自动清洁试吸尘器的避障工作状态启发,设计了一款基于城市综合路况的智能导盲车。本论文的研究主要分以下几个方面:国内外导盲辅具的研究现状,利用可变式三角形履带及锥环式无级变速装置的导盲车机械行走越障结构,以STM32F103ZET6为控制主板,由超声波传感器,红外线传感器,语音控制模块等组件组成的电控避障指示模块。设计的产品具有结构新颖,控制方便,检测灵敏等特点,并且为智能导盲车的进一步研究具有探索意义。

采用KRG的动力电机集成驱动性能匹配研究

在现有纯电动汽车直驱结构中增加锥环式无级变速器,形成一整套紧凑的集成驱动系统,同时在满足整车动力性要求的前提下对驱动电机进行选型与匹配,对装配该驱动系统的纯电动汽车进行动力性计算和校核,并采用ADVISOR软件对整车性能进行仿真并实车测试。结果表明:所选动力电机与该款变速器搭配后可使目标车辆最高车速达到120km/h,最大爬坡度为57.69%,EUDC工况法测得的百公里能耗为13.46kW·h,续驶里程达到140km,满足设计要求。

Dynamics of Motorized Vehicle Flow under Mixed Traffic Circumstance

To study the dynamics of mixed traffic flow consisting of motorized and non-motorized vehicles, a carfollowing model based on the principle of collision free and cautious driving is proposed. Lateral friction and overlapping driving are introduced to describe the interactions between motorized vehicles and non-motorized vehicles. By numerical simulations, the flux-density relation, the temporal-spatial dynamics, and the velocity evolution are investigated in detail The results indicate non-motorized vehicles have a significant impact on the motorized vehicle flow and cause the maximum flux to decline by about 13%. Non-motorized vehicles can decrease the motorized vehicle velocity and cause velocity oscillation when the motorized vehicle density is low. Moreover, non-motorized vehicles show a significant damping effect on the oscillating velocity when the density is medium and high, and such an effect weakens as motorized vehicle density increases. The results also stress the necessity for separating motorized vehicles from non-motorized vehicles.

Counterformal contacts of full toroidal continuously variable transmission

The point and the line contacts of a toroidal continuously variable transmission (CVT) are studied. The contact shapes between the roller and input and output disks are formulated by using the classical Hertz contact theory. Based on the formulated equations, different system factors affecting the maximum Hertz stress in the elliptical and strip contacts of the full toroidal CVT are explored, which include the properties of the contacting material (Young’s modulus), operating condition (pushing load) and geometrical parameters (aspect cavity ratio, aspect roller ratio). The comparative results reveal the relations between the maximum Hertz stress and the speed ratio in the form of graphs. These graphs give useful information for designer to know the maximum Hertz stress during operation in such systems.

An overview on research developments of toroidal continuously variable transmissions

As environmental protection agencies enact new regulations for automotive fuel economy and emission, the toroidal continuously variable transmissions (CVTs) keep on contribute to the advent of system technologies for better fuel consumption of automobiles with internal combustion engines (ICE). Toroidal CVTs use infinitely adjustable drive ratios instead of stepped gears to achieve optimal performance. Toroidal CVTs are one of the earliest patents to the automotive world but their torque capacities and reliability have limitations in the past. New developments and implementations in the control strategies, and several key technologies have led to development of more robust toroidal CVTs, which enables more extensive automotive application of toroidal CTVs. This paper concerns with the current development, upcoming and progress set in the context of the past development and the traditional problems associated with toroidal CVTs.

行星环锥齿轮式功率分流的无级变速器的分析与研究

基于传统的牵引式行星环锥式摩擦无级变速器,首先,提出了行星环锥齿轮式功率分流的无级变速器的设计方案;然后,对其整体变速比作出了两种方法的推导,并对功率流方向和功率流的分配关系作出了准确的判断;最后,对变速系统的整体传动效率进行了详细的分析计算,并用实例进行计算,与原行星环锥无级变速器传动效率进行了比较分析,并根据功率分流的比例图得出了总输入功率数值大小的范围。结果表明,经改进后的行星环锥齿轮式功率分流无级变速器的传动效率不仅比原来行星环锥无级变速器提高很多,而且总的输入功率可达到原来的行星环锥式无级变速器几倍之多,实现了大功率传动。

Application of clutch to clutch gear shift technology for a new automatic transmission

For the purpose of engineering development for a new 8-step speed automatic transmission,a simplified dynamic model for this gearbox was established and key parameters which affected the shift quality were analyzed.Aiming at four different shift types,the ideal characteristics of shift clutch and engine control were set up.By using torque estimation method,PI slip control algorithm and engine coordinated control principle,the control model and transmission controller were well developed for three shift phases which included rapid-fill phase,torque phase and inertia phase.The testing environment on the rig and prototype vehicle level was built and the testing results obtained in ultimate condition could verify the accuracy and feasibility of this shift control strategy.The peak jerk during shift process was controlled within ±2 g/s where the smooth gearshift was obtained.The development proposal and algorithm have a high value for engineering application.

少齿差行星齿轮传动简介

本文主要是简述了少齿差行星齿轮的传动发展进程,介绍了环式变速器的几种传动方式,以及他们各自的优缺点还有其克服死点的方法。

Effect of Air Velocity on Thermal Comfort under Thermal Environment Ramp Changing

Set points of the indoor air temperature and relative humidity in short-term staying location were studied. In this condition, the thermal reaction of human body varied with the ramp changes of the environmental thermal parameters.The change rules of about 60 subjects′ thermal reaction to the ramp change of environment were surveyed, and the effect of air movement on the thermal reaction during transient condition was considered by using a questionnaire. With the experimental results and research findings under stable condition, a way to set environmental parameters of short-time staying location was recommended.

Simulation of Volume and Heat Transport along 26.5°N in the Atlantic

The observed meridional overtuming circula- tion （MOC） and meridional heat transport （MHT） estimated from the Rapid Climate Change/Meridional Circu- lation and Heat Flux Array （RAPID/MOCHA） at 26.5°N are used to evaluate the volume and heat transport in the eddy-resolving model LASG/IAP Climate system Ocean Model （LICOM）. The authors find that the Florida Cur- rent transport and upper mid-ocean transport of the model are underestimated against the observations. The simulated variability of MOC and MHT show a high correlation with the observations, exceeding 0.6. Both the simulated and observed MOC and MHT show a significant seasonal variability. According to the power spectrum analysis, LICOM can represent the mesoscale eddy characteristic of the MOC similar to the observation. The model shows a high correlation of 0.58 for the internal upper mid-ocean transport （MO） and a density difference between the western and eastern boundaries, as noted in previous studies.

Recycling and Transmutation of Spent Fuel as a Sustainable Option for the Nuclear Energy Development

The objective of this paper is to discuss the option of recycling and transmutation of radioactive waste against once-through fuel cycle based on uranium feed under the perspective of sustainability. A qualitative analysis was carried out to compare the fuel cycles considering different options for burning and recycling transuranic and fission products utilizing accelerator driven systems, fast reactors, and light water reactors. The results show that recycling and transmutation fuel cycles are more attractive than the current once-through fuel cycles from the point of view of sustainability. The main conclusion is that the decision about the construction of deep geological repositories for spent fuel disposal must be reevaluated.

EFFECTS OF ACUPUNCTURE AT FENGCHI POINT (GB 20) ON CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW

Blood velocity in the vertebral artery and the basilar artery was observed before and after acupuncture at Fengchi point (GB 20) in 97 patients by transcranial Doppler ultrasonic detecting. The results showed that the blood velocity in patients with either high or low blood flow had significant changes after acupuncture (P