Objective： To systematically review the effects of mechanical tongue cleaning on halitosis. Methods： Searching and collecting the RCTs about treatment combine with mechanical tongue cleaning from inception to May 20...Objective： To systematically review the effects of mechanical tongue cleaning on halitosis. Methods： Searching and collecting the RCTs about treatment combine with mechanical tongue cleaning from inception to May 2017 in the databases, like CNKI, VIE WanFang Data, PubMed, the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature （C1NAHL）, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science. Two reviewers screened the literatures according to inclusion and excluding criteria, extracted the data independenly, assessed bias risks. In case of disagreement, the discussion shall be settled by the third reviewer. Meta-analysis was conducted by RevMaxi 5.3. Results： A total of 4 RCTs with 185 vol- unteers were included. The results of Meta-analysis showed that treatment combine with mechanical tongue cleaning has an advantage over the control group in the levels of Winkel Tongue Coating Index （WTCI） [MD = 2.15, 95%CI（0.93,3.36）, = 0.0006], Organoleptic Assessment （ORG） [MD = -0.71, 95%CI（-0.95,-0.48）, 〈0.00001], but no significant differences between two groups in Volatile Sulphur Compounds （VSCs） [SMD = -1.13, 95%CI（-2.91,0.65）, = 0.21], Bleeding On Probing （BOP） [MD = -1.01, 95%CI（-7.05,5.03）, = 0.74]. Conclusion： Treatment combined with mechanical tongue cleaning could reduce risks of halitosis and WTCI.展开更多
The distributions of two ubiquitous fouling cheilostome bryozoans,Cryptosula pallasiana(Moll,1803)and W atersipora sp.,on a ship moored for almost six years in Qingdao Bay show diff erences with respect to illuminatio...The distributions of two ubiquitous fouling cheilostome bryozoans,Cryptosula pallasiana(Moll,1803)and W atersipora sp.,on a ship moored for almost six years in Qingdao Bay show diff erences with respect to illumination,C ryptosula being dominant on the side of the ship which was exposed to the sun and Watersipora dominating on the other side which was in shadow for most of the time.Competitive interactions for substrate space were nearly always won by Watersipora,which succeeded in overgrowing the edges of C ryptosula colonies regardless of the side of the ship.Reasons for the superiority of W atersipora in spatial competition with Cryptosula could include faster growth rate and the stronger feeding currents created by the larger lophophores of Watersipora.展开更多
Oral lichen planus （OLP） is a chronic inflammatory disorder and premalignantlesion, of which the mechanisms are still obscure. In the present study, the expression levels of miR-96/182/183 cluster, miR-203, miR-375,...Oral lichen planus （OLP） is a chronic inflammatory disorder and premalignantlesion, of which the mechanisms are still obscure. In the present study, the expression levels of miR-96/182/183 cluster, miR-203, miR-375, and miR-769-5p in both tissues and exfoliative cells of OLP patients as well as healthy volunteers were detected, differentially expressed miRNAs were identified and their correlation with OLP was evaluated by a biplot method. Experimental results show that miR-203 is significantly up-regulated in patient lesion tissues in comparison to volunteer mucosa tissues. Moreover, the contra- dictory insignificant expression changes of miR-203 as well as miR-96/182/183 cluster in comparisons of exfoliative cell samples suggest that different cell compositions in OLP lesion have distinct miRNA regulation, which accords with the histological heterogeneity of OLP. Finally, biplot analyses indicate the expression of miR-203 and miR-96/182/183 cluster are positively correlated in patient lesions. These results provide miR-203 as a molecular indicator of heterogeneity of OLP, and also a potential diagnostic biomarker or therapeutic target that deserves further studies.展开更多
文摘Objective： To systematically review the effects of mechanical tongue cleaning on halitosis. Methods： Searching and collecting the RCTs about treatment combine with mechanical tongue cleaning from inception to May 2017 in the databases, like CNKI, VIE WanFang Data, PubMed, the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature （C1NAHL）, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science. Two reviewers screened the literatures according to inclusion and excluding criteria, extracted the data independenly, assessed bias risks. In case of disagreement, the discussion shall be settled by the third reviewer. Meta-analysis was conducted by RevMaxi 5.3. Results： A total of 4 RCTs with 185 vol- unteers were included. The results of Meta-analysis showed that treatment combine with mechanical tongue cleaning has an advantage over the control group in the levels of Winkel Tongue Coating Index （WTCI） [MD = 2.15, 95%CI（0.93,3.36）, = 0.0006], Organoleptic Assessment （ORG） [MD = -0.71, 95%CI（-0.95,-0.48）, 〈0.00001], but no significant differences between two groups in Volatile Sulphur Compounds （VSCs） [SMD = -1.13, 95%CI（-2.91,0.65）, = 0.21], Bleeding On Probing （BOP） [MD = -1.01, 95%CI（-7.05,5.03）, = 0.74]. Conclusion： Treatment combined with mechanical tongue cleaning could reduce risks of halitosis and WTCI.
基金Supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Nos.XDA11020303,XDA11020305)the Chinese Academy of Sciences President’s International Fellowship Initiative(No.2015VEA009)the Project of Knowledge Innovation Project of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.KSCX2-EW-Z-8)
文摘The distributions of two ubiquitous fouling cheilostome bryozoans,Cryptosula pallasiana(Moll,1803)and W atersipora sp.,on a ship moored for almost six years in Qingdao Bay show diff erences with respect to illumination,C ryptosula being dominant on the side of the ship which was exposed to the sun and Watersipora dominating on the other side which was in shadow for most of the time.Competitive interactions for substrate space were nearly always won by Watersipora,which succeeded in overgrowing the edges of C ryptosula colonies regardless of the side of the ship.Reasons for the superiority of W atersipora in spatial competition with Cryptosula could include faster growth rate and the stronger feeding currents created by the larger lophophores of Watersipora.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.91029711)
文摘Oral lichen planus （OLP） is a chronic inflammatory disorder and premalignantlesion, of which the mechanisms are still obscure. In the present study, the expression levels of miR-96/182/183 cluster, miR-203, miR-375, and miR-769-5p in both tissues and exfoliative cells of OLP patients as well as healthy volunteers were detected, differentially expressed miRNAs were identified and their correlation with OLP was evaluated by a biplot method. Experimental results show that miR-203 is significantly up-regulated in patient lesion tissues in comparison to volunteer mucosa tissues. Moreover, the contra- dictory insignificant expression changes of miR-203 as well as miR-96/182/183 cluster in comparisons of exfoliative cell samples suggest that different cell compositions in OLP lesion have distinct miRNA regulation, which accords with the histological heterogeneity of OLP. Finally, biplot analyses indicate the expression of miR-203 and miR-96/182/183 cluster are positively correlated in patient lesions. These results provide miR-203 as a molecular indicator of heterogeneity of OLP, and also a potential diagnostic biomarker or therapeutic target that deserves further studies.
